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Biomedical subjects

S Ohira

Publications and source records attributed to S Ohira.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical study of eel calcitonin for relief of pain from metastatic bone lesions].

Thirty patients with bone metastasis were treated with eel calcitonin (CT) to relieve severe pain from metastatic bone lesions. Patients were two males and twenty-eight females with a mean age of 52.8. CT was administered intramuscularly in twenty-seven patients and intravenously in three. CT was effective on 55.6% of patients to reduce severe bone pain but did not decrease the amount of analgesics in most patients. Serum Ca and P were not changed markedly. As side-effects, two patients complained of nausea and vomiting after administration of CT but they weren't severe. These results indicate that CT is quite useful drug for relief of severe bone pain from metastatic lesions in patients with breast or digestive tract carcinomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Functioning oxyphil cell adenoma in a patient with secondary hyperparathyroidism.

A 45-year-old Japanese woman who has been receiving haemodialysis for 13 years suffered from an ectopic calcifying nodule and deformity of the thorax. She was diagnosed as hyperparathyroidism secondary to chronic renal failure. Total parathyroidectomy was performed, and the excised parathyroid glands showed hyperplasia in four and an adenoma in the left upper gland. On the electron microscopic study, the adenoma was composed of oxyphil cells and transitional oxyphil cells, the latter predominating in number. It was revealed from immunohistochemical study that the oxyphil cells in adenoma were strongly stained for parathyroid hormone (PTH). Continuous stimuli to secrete PTH seemed to generate the functioning oxyphil cell adenoma with an ability of PTH production, as well as hyperplasia of parathyroid chief cells. It seems to be the first case of tertiary hyperparathyroidism caused by an oxyphil cell adenoma. Functions of oxyphil cells and transitional oxyphil cells are briefly discussed.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1986

[Statistical analyses on over ten years survivals in Hokkaido under chronic dialysis therapy].

In Hokkaido, there were 305 chronic dialysis patients surviving more than ten years as of July 31, 1985. All patients except for one (CAPD) have been placed under hemodialysis. About 73% of them were introduced into a dialysis therapy in their thirties and chronic glomerulonephritis was extremely predominant as for the underlying disease. 93.2% of the cases possessed internal AV-fistulae using own vessels and other types of blood access remained only 6.8%. Hematocrit (Hct) was 27.5% on average of 305 cases. The value was fairly satisfactory but it must be noted that Hct of 33 patients (10.8% of all) was less than 20%. Severe anemia is still one of major complication in chronic dialysis patients. Characteristic complications, which have been increasing in frequency in parallel with prolonged dialysis length, became clarified: renal osteodystrophy, secondary hyperparathyroidism, carpal tunnel syndrome, persistent hypotension and so on. The former two are strongly related to Ca & P metabolism and some of the long-term survivals require parathyroidectomy. It is now estimated that carpal tunnel syndrome is induced by accumulation and deposition of beta 2-microglobulin, which increases in blood progressively if used Cuprophane membrane dialyser. Patients with CTS must be placed under surgical intervention, which relieves the symptoms effectively and the prophylaxis might require protein-permeating dialyser.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical assessment of CAPD (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) for chronic end-stage renal failure].

Eight patients of end stage renal failure were placed under CAPD (Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis) therapy in our institution. The main indications were difficulty or lack of vascular access. The therapeutic duration ranged from 15 to 2 months and the results described-below were obtained. BUN, Serum Creatinine were well controlled. Hemoglobin & hematocrit increased significantly in most cases. Removal of water and salt was satisfactory. Consequently, limitation of water and salt became unnecessary in all cases. So far protein loss seemed to be a lesser problem, which could be overcome by an adequate protein intake. Catheter troubles and peritonitis were observed in 3 cases respectively but none became the reason for an immediate interruption of CAPD. General well-beings of the CAPD patients improved in a definite degree subjectively and objectively CAPD has been gaining surprisingly fast popularity all over the world but many questions remain presently unanswered: (1) Catheter trouble and peritonitis (long-term survival of the technique) (2) Adequacy of the dialysate constitution (3) Physiological changes of the peritoneum in long-term CAPD (4) Metabolic changes of CAPD patients (5) Drug Kinetics etc. These problems were briefly discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Comparative study of caloric responses induced by different stimulus intensities.

Bithermal caloric responses induced by 20, 50 and 240 ml water irrigations were compared in 111 healthy Japanese adults. Distribution mode of max. slow phase eye velocity (SPEV), duration and max. frequency showed normal pattern in the logarithmic scale but not in the regular scale. All three nystagmus parameters of 240 ml caloric test showed most linear distribution compared with two other caloric tests in the probit plots of logarithmic scale. When the mean, coefficient of variation and normal range (mean +/- 2 SD) were compared between two modes of distribution, the most consistent difference was found in the range which was biased to the side of large number with little difference in the width of the range. When one standard deviation of CP- and DP-indexes were compared, these values were smallest in max. frequency, however, the best negative correlation between variation (SD) of CP- and DP-indexes and stimulus intensity was found in SPEV.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Correlation between the level of urinary D-glucaric acid and the degree of activation of masked compound (FT-207) in cancer patients.

Phenobarbital stimulates the induction of liver microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme, namely, cytochrome P-450, which enhances the rate of conversion of FT-207 to 5-FU, the active substance. When FT-207 is administered in combination with phenobarbital to cancer patients, the fluctuation in level of the drug-metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P-450, should be taken into consideration. Therefore, it was investigated whether the urinary level of D-glucaric acid could be of value as an indicator for the evaluation of the activation of masked compounds, such as FT-207. The level of D-glucaric acid in urine was lower in cancer patients than in normal controls. The correlation between the level of urinary D-glucaric acid and that of 5-FU, which is an active metabolite of FT-207, in blood was statistically significant. The level of D-glucaric acid in urine was of use as an indicator for the evaluation of the activation of masked compounds, such as FT-207, in cancer chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Effects of arterial or portal ischemia on survival and metabolism of partially and totally depancreatized dogs.

The role of arterial blood flow in hepatic metabolic functions was compared to that of portal flow in two groups of totally depancreatized dogs. Survival times and glucose and nitrogen excretion were significantly greater in dogs with ligation of the hepatic artery than in dogs with an Eck fistula. The dogs with ligated hepatic arteries also showed a significantly slower rise in plasma ketones. The course of diabetes was compared in three additional groups of partially depancreatized dogs consisting of a) dogs with ligated hepatic arteries, b) dogs with Eck fistulas, and c) controls. Hepatic arterial ischemia: 1) increased survival, without insulin treatment (a--650, b--167, c--124 days) 2) did not decrease tracer-determined rate of glucose production 3) led to a greater urinary excretion of glucose, ketone bodies and nitrogen than portal ischemia. Partially depancreatized dogs with either arterial or portal hepatic ischemia maintained a high rate of glucose disappearance on acute deprivation of endogenous insulin (clamping of vessels of their pancreatic remnant) due probably to decreased insulin degradation by the ischemic liver. The dogs died in coma after losing all fat depots. There was severe fatty change in the livers of dogs with hepatic artery ligation, slight in those with Eck fistulas and no fat in the livers of controls.

Animals↗