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Biomedical subjects

S Okinami

Publications and source records attributed to S Okinami.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Macular hole and myopic refraction.

AIM: To study a correlation between age at the onset and myopic refraction and axial length in patients with idiopathic macular hole and to evaluate a correlation of the size and surgical outcome of macular hole with axial length. METHODS: In a prospective clinical study, 94 eyes of 91 patients with stage III and IV idiopathic macular hole were enrolled. A standardised surgical protocol was performed using vitrectomy and gas tamponade. This study evaluated the size of macular hole and the rate of anatomical and functional success of surgery. To assess dimensions of macular hole, confocal laser scanning tomography was employed. RESULTS: Age at the onset showed a significant increase in relation to myopic refraction and axial length (r = 0.689, p <0.0001; r = 0.723, p <0.0001). Mean age was 52.1 (SD 10.3) years in eyes with axial length of 26.0 mm and longer, 64.5 (8.5) years in eyes with 23.0 to 25.99 mm, and 69.8 (5.7) years in eyes with shorter than 23.0 mm. In stage III macular holes, mean area of macular hole was 0.291 (0.134) mm(2) in eyes with 26.0 mm and longer, 0.283 (0.170) mm(2) in eyes with 23.0 to 25.99 mm, and 0.296 (0.160) mm(2) in eyes with shorter than 23.0 mm. No significant difference was found in area, volume, and depth of macular hole, and area of cuff and retinal striae among the three groups. Overall anatomical success rate and logMAR visual improvement in stage III macular holes were 100% (19 of 19 eyes) and -0.575 (0.174) in eyes with 26.0 mm and longer, 100% (16 of 16 eyes) and -0.536 (0.174) in eyes with 23.0 to 25.99 mm, and 95% (40 of 42 eyes) and -0.599 (0.201) in eyes with shorter than 23.0 mm; there was no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: Macular hole develops in eyes with the severer myopia at the younger age. Myopic refraction appears not to influence the size and surgical outcomes of macular holes. Further investigation on more cases is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

A comparison of intraocular pressure-lowering effect of prostaglandin F2 -alpha analogues, latanoprost, and unoprostone isopropyl.

PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of unoprostone isopropyl (unoprostone) 0.12% and latanoprost 0.005%. A correlation between the intraocular pressure-lowering effect of unoprostone and latanoprost was also evaluated. METHODS: A single-masked randomized study included 18 patients between 49 and 68 years (mean, 60.7 +/- 5.1 years) with an intraocular pressure of both eyes from 21 to 27 mm Hg. The patients were prospectively randomized to receive latanoprost in the right eye and unoprostone in the left eye, or unoprostone in the right eye and latanoprost in the left eye. The patients were followed up for 8 weeks. This study evaluated the intraocular pressure-lowering effect and incidence of drug-related side effects. RESULTS: Mean baseline intraocular pressure was 22.8 +/- 1.2 mm Hg in latanoprost-treated eyes and 22.4 +/- 1.0 mm Hg in unoprostone-treated eyes; there was no statistically significant difference between these groups. Mean intraocular pressure at 8 weeks after the start of the administration was 16.7 +/- 2.0 mm Hg in latanoprost-treated eyes and 19.0 +/- 1.5 mm Hg in unoprostone-treated eyes. Patients in the latanoprost-treated group showed a greater intraocular pressure reduction compared with those in the unoprostone-treated group. Mean intraocular pressure changes in latanoprost-treated eyes were significantly greater at every visit (P < 0.0001). A change of intraocular pressure at 8 weeks in the latanoprost-treated eyes was significantly correlated with that in the contralateral unoprostone-treated eyes (r = 0.665, P = 0.0013) (Figure). There was no significant difference in the rate of ocular side effects between latanoprost- and unoprostone-treated eyes. CONCLUSIONS: Latanoprost appears to have a more beneficial effect for intraocular pressure control compared with unoprostone. An intraocular pressure reduction in the latanoprost-treated eyes was significantly correlated with that in the contralateral unoprostone-treated eyes. There was no significant difference in the incidence of ocular side effects between both drugs. Further investigation using more cases and longer follow-up periods are needed.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[Multicenter retrospective study of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis].

PURPOSE: Epidemiological and clinical study of retinal detachment associated with atopic dermatitis. METHODS: A multicenter retrospective study. RESULTS: We analyzed 417 eyes of 348 patients operated on during the 5 years from 1989 to 1993 and followed up for more than 6 months by vitreo-retina specialists in 33 hospitals throughout Japan. The number of eyes operated increased yearly from 42 in 1989 to 132 in 1993. These were 2.3% of the average number of the eyes operated on for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment during the same period, but when restricted to the Kanto area or further to Tokyo only, the percentage was as high as 3.8% and 4.7% respectively. Clinical characteristics of retinal detachment previously reported, such as traumatic slapping or rubbing of the lids by patients as the most possible pathogenetic factor, and high incidence of cataract and proliferative vitreoretinopathy, were confirmed. The primary surgical procedure was scleral buckling in 78% of the cases and vitreous surgery in 22%, and initial and final reattachment rates were 75.3% and 92.6%, respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Ocular manifestations in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Ocular manifestations of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) are rare events. However, several ocular lesions which resulted from human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) infection have been reported, including direct infiltration of ATL cells, cytomegalovirus retinitis, and HTLV-I-associated uveitis (HAU). The aim of this study was to characterize ocular involvement in ATL and to correlate these lesions with HTLV-I proviral DNA integration. Three patients with acute-type ATL and ocular lesions were evaluated hematologically and ophthalmologically. Analysis of HTLV-I proviral DNA was carried out with a standard Southern blot technique using DNA from abnormal lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Two patients developed intraocular lesions located within intermediate and/or posterior segments which were caused by infiltration of ATL cells. Ocular lesions in one patient, which were localized to the anterior-intermediate segment, closely resembled those of HAU. Analysis of HTLV-I proviral DNA revealed multiple integrations in all three patients. The present study indicated heterogeneity in ocular manifestations of ATL. Multiple HTLV-I proviral DNA integrations may be associated with intraocular involvement in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Clinical features of retinal detachment in the elderly.

We conducted a retrospective study of 636 eyes (624 patients, aged 65 years or more) to identify the clinical features of nontraumatic retinal detachment in the elderly. The incidence of retinal detachment due to a macular hole in our series (21%) was much higher than those described in previous reports, suggesting a racial difference between Japanese and Caucasian patients. Tractional tear was seen more commonly in patients of less advanced age. In addition, in our series of elderly patients, we demonstrated (1) a preponderance of retinal breaks in the upper temporal quadrant, (2) a high incidence of aphakic retinal detachment, (3) a preponderance of females to be affected and (4) broad detachment of the retina that involved the macula.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1994

Influence of simultaneous pattern-reversal electroretinogram recording on visual evoked potentials.

Little is known about the influence of the presence of a gold-foil electrode on pattern-reversal visual evoked potential recording, although simultaneous pattern-reversal electroretinography has been applied in several clinical investigations. We compared the results of pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials simultaneously recorded with pattern-reversal electroretinograms with those obtained during separate pattern-reversal visual evoked potential recording in 10 normal subjects. Transient response (reversal rate, 1 Hz; check size, 30') and steady-state response (reversal rate, 5 Hz; check size, 120', 60', 30', 15' and 7.5') were analyzed under the stimulus contrast condition of 90%. Neither P100 latency in transient responses nor amplitudes in steady-state responses exhibited significant change at any check size when they were recorded separately or simultaneously with pattern-reversal electroretinograms. The results suggest that the gold-foil electrode exerts no significant influence on pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials. Simultaneous pattern-reversal electroretinogram and visual evoked potential recording is therefore confirmed to be a clinically useful method. This procedure makes the synchronous recording of both responses possible under the identical stimulus conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of pars planitis with cryotherapy.

Cryotherapy was performed on 28 eyes exhibiting massive exudates (snowbank) over the pars plana and the ora serrata. Twenty-six patients ranging in age from 8 to 52 years were treated and then followed up for a median of 34 months. Eleven eyes needed repeat cryotherapy. After cryotherapy, retinal vasculitis and vitreous opacities decreased in most eyes. Although only 3 of 5 eyes with a snowbank greater than 90 degrees and treated over 1 year from the onset achieved visual acuity of 20/25 or better, all 12 eyes with a snowbank smaller than 60 degrees and treated within 3 months after the onset maintained a visual acuity of 20/25 or better. The prognosis was not different from the 20 eyes that received systemic steroid treatment and the 8 eyes that received no systemic steroids. We recommend cryotherapy as the primary treatment for pars planitis with a snowbank.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study on the effects of a replacement of the vitreous body with perfluorotributylamine on the rabbit eye].

The effects of replacement of the vitreous body with perfluorotributylamine on albino rabbit eyes were studied. Twenty eight eyes were divided into three groups. In the first group (n = 14), which was used as a control, only vitrectomy was performed. In the second group (n = 6), the vitreous was temporarily substituted with perfluorotributylamine after the vitrectomy. One hour after the operation, the injected perfluorotributylamine was again replaced with a balanced salt solution (SM-A2). In the third group (n = 8), the injected perfluorotributylamine was left in the eye until the time of enucleation. The eyes were evaluated both electrophysiologically and histopathologically, at predetermined time intervals ranging from one to form one to four weeks after operation. All the eyes in the second group did not show any histopathological changes until four weeks after the operation. The ERGs obtained from these eyes exhibited dominant a- and b-waves similar to those of the control group at all intervals after operation. However, the eyes in the third group showed progressive deterioration with elapsed of time. At the two weeks after operation, b-wave amplitudes moderately decreased in two eyes. These eyes showed an initial slight degeneration in the outer segment layer. At four weeks after the operation, the a- and b-waves further decreased in amplitude with a significantly prolonged peak latency. The outer segments were severely damaged, and the histopathological changes extended to the inner segment layer as well as the RPE layer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Fibrinopeptide A and fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 in patients with Behçet's disease.

Plasma levels of FPA and FPB beta 15-42 in patients with Behçet's disease were examined. In the patients, the mean levels of FPA and FPB beta 15-42 were significantly higher than controls (p less than 0.001). Fibrinolysis subsequent to coagulation may be activated in the patients. The levels of both FPA and FPB beta 15-42 were higher during attack than in remission. The caution should be taken these levels to understand the disease activity.

Behcet Syndrome↗
PubMed1987

Juvenile retinal detachment.

The features and prognoses of 802 cases (908 eyes) of retinal detachment from 8 months to 19 years of age were studied with the patients divided into three age groups: 65 eyes in group I (0-9), 259 eyes in group II (10-14), and 584 eyes in group III (15-19). Eyes in group I were different from the others in many respects. In group I, traumatic detachments, preoperative complications, four-quadrant detachments, and eyes with undetected breaks were more frequent, and the prognosis was worse than in the other groups. Holes with lattice degenerations were most frequent in group III eyes having no history of trauma. Group III resembled adult retinal detachment and group II was thought to be the transitional type.

Adolescent↗