PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Olling

Publications and source records attributed to S Olling.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Rapid diagnosis of Pneumocystis carinii using dark-field microscopy on bronchoalveolar lavage. Brief report.

20 lavages from patients with pulmonary infiltrates were microscopically studied by a rapid dark field assay and after methenamine silver staining. In 8 samples typical Pneumocystis carinii cysts were identified in the methenamine silver-slides and in 7 of these clusters of round spawn-like particles were also seen in the dark field microscope. One test was "false negative" in the dark field assay due to presence of too few pneumocystes. Another test was "false positive" due to presence of candida albicans spores in the lavage. It is thus possible to give a Pneumocystis carinii diagnosis, with some reservation, within 15 minutes after obtaining the bronchoalveolar lavage.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

An outbreak of diphtheria among Swedish alcoholics.

After 25 years without any indigenous cases of diphtheria in Sweden, an outbreak occurred in the city of Göteborg, during 1984 to 1986. A group of alcoholics constituted the reservoir of Corynebacterium diphtheriae. The outbreak included 13 clinical cases and 65 carriers. The death-to-case ratio and the complication rate among the clinical cases was high, with three fatal cases and six patients developing reversible paralyses. The fatal cases had no history of previous immunization. The outbreak demonstrates the necessity of a good vaccination status to diphtheria, also in countries where the disease was thought to have been eradicated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Proteinase activity in effusions from children with otitis media with effusion.

Proteinase activity has been demonstrated in middle ear effusions from patients suffering from otitis media with effusion. Proteinase activity was characterized by various biochemical, chemical and physical parameters. Chelators and sulfhydryl group reacting substances reduced the enzyme activity. Enzyme activity was positively correlated to the number of granulocytes present in the effusion. No correlation to bacteriological findings or to tympanic membrane status was seen and the proteinase activity showed wide ranges within different categories of middle ear effusions.

Child↗
PubMed1985

The effect of cyclosporin A on the course of murine infection by Schistosoma mansoni.

The effect of the immunomodulating substance cyclosporin A (CyA) has been evaluated in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Administration of CyA at the time of infection or during the schistosomulum stage resulted in failure of the larvae to develop into adult worms. However, a serological response was noted. Administration of CyA during the establishment of the adult worm stage resulted in a reduction of the worm burden as compared to non-treated mice. The established worm pairs, however, seemed to be sterile since no eggs were demonstrated in the liver. Infection of mice with cercariae which had been exposed to CyA in vitro resulted in only a slight reduction of the worm burden for the highest concentration of CyA tested (100 micrograms/ml). The results of the study show that administration of CyA in vivo affects the host-parasite relationship in favour of the host.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Abnormal B-cell proliferation associated with combined immunodeficiency, cytomegalovirus, and cultured thymus grafts.

A male infant in whom multiple recurrent multiorgan infections developed during the first six months of life was found to have combined immunodeficiency. Progressive pulmonary disease developed at age two years; cytomegalovirus (CMV) was isolated from the respiratory tract and urine. Three separate intramuscular grafts of cultured thymus fragments did not produce change in the course of the illness. Soon after age three years, IgG lambda appeared in the serum as an M-component. The patient died at age three and one-half years, with respiratory insufficiency due to pulmonary fibrosis. At autopsy, a malignant plasma cell infiltrate was limited to the retroperitoneum. The infiltrate replaced lymph node structures and surrounded nerve fascicles, which appeared necrotic, and contained CMV inclusions in ganglion cell nuclei. The plasma cells showed strong monoclonal staining for IgG lambda. Also noted was positive staining for J-chain, which has been reported previously in malignant plasma cells producing IgG. CMV could be responsible for abnormal B-cell proliferation in patients with defective immunoregulation who receive immunotherapy, as in lymphoid abnormalities associated with Epstein-Barr virus.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1984

Random locomotion in dark-field microscopy of single granulocytes from venous blood, tissue and exudate. Methodological considerations and clinical applications.

The random locomotion of granulocytes was studied in dark-field microscopy, and a standardized procedure for the classification of granulocytes into rapid-moving, (RM), slow-moving (SM) and non-moving (NM) cells was developed. When granulocytes from blood donors were tested, 54% were RM, 21% SM and 25% NM with variation between repeated tests, acceptable for a semiquantitative method. When the test was applied in 124 patients with infectious and inflammatory diseases and hematological malignancies, a significantly higher number of NM blood cells was found in patients with septicemia and pneumonia. The method was found especially suitable for samples containing few granulocytes, such as samples from soft-tissue infections, pulmonary infiltrates and neutropenic blood.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1983

Ascending, unobstructed urinary tract infection in mice caused by pyelonephritogenic Escherichia coli of human origin.

A model for ascending unobstructed urinary tract infection was developed in mice to study the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection induced by Escherichia coli associated with urinary tract infection in humans. Specifically, the model was designed to monitor the initial stages of the infectious process, e.g., bacterial adhesion. Mice were selected since the specificity and intensity of bacterial attachment of pyelonephritogenic E. coli strains to human and mouse uroepithelial cells were similar. Female mice were infected by urethral catheterization and installation of bacteria in the urinary bladder. To maximize clearance of unattached bacteria, no obstructive manipulations were performed. After sacrifice, the persistence of bacteria in kidneys and bladder was determined by viable counts on homogenized tissues. The experimental infection was standardized by using one pyelonephritis (HU734) and one normal fecal (414) E. coli isolate. With both strains all of the bladders became infected, but E. coli 414 was eliminated more rapidly than HU734. The percentage of positive kidney cultures increased with the bacterial inoculum concentration and volume. An inoculum of 0.05 ml containing 10(10) bacteria per ml was selected, giving the highest percentage of positive kidney cultures without detectable bacterial spread to the blood stream. The variation in the percentage of positive kidney cultures possibly depended on the degree of vesicoureteric reflux in the individual animals. Both in the kidneys and in the urinary bladders, strain HU734 yielded higher numbers of bacteria at 24 h and persisted longer than did strain 414. Several E. coli pyelonephritis isolates with properties associated with virulence in the human urinary tract consistently were recovered from mouse kidneys and bladders in higher numbers than E. coli strains of human fecal origin lacking those properties. The role of bacterial adhesion per se is the topic of the accompanying paper.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1982

Experimental Escherichia coli ascending pyelonephritis in rats: changes in bacterial properties and the immune response to surface antigens.

Systemic and urinary antibody responses were examined in rats with experimental ascending pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli O6K13H1. During 12-month follow-up of the infections, bacterial characteristics of the urinary and renal isolates were followed: O and K antigenicity, sensitivity to the bactericidal effect of normal human serum, capacity to attach to urinary tract epithelial cells, hemolytic activity, biochemical pattern, and virulence. During the long-term infection, the urinary and renal bacterial isolates changed in O and K antigenicity, serum sensitivity, and virulence. The adhesive capacity of the bacterial isolates did not change, possibly explaining the persistence of the bacteria in the urinary tract. The serum anti-O6 antibody levels remained high during the entire 1-year observation period, especially in the rats with renal involvement. Urinary anti-O6 antibodies were also found. The serum and urinary antibodies could have played a role in bringing about the observed changes in bacterial characteristics. Antibodies to lipid A were recorded in 9 of 16 rats with pyelonephritis and renal scarring and in 1 of 9 rats not having pyelonephritis or renal bacterial growth.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1982

Experimental Escherichia coli ascending pyelonephritis in rats: active peroral immunization with live Escherichia coli.

Peroral immunization with a live strain of Escherichia coli O6K13H1 against experimental ascending pyelonephritis caused by the same strain was studied in rats, and the effect of immunization on antibody titers against the O and K antigens and lipid A was determined. Peroral immunization with live bacteria protected significantly against pyelonephritis. Sera collected 1 week after infection from the immunized group were increased in immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-O6 and IgM anti-K13 in comparison with the nonimmunized group. The peroral immunization did not correspondingly affect the response to lipid A. In urine, there was an IgG antibody response to the O6 antigen. In bronchopulmonary secretion, IgM, IgG, and IgA antibodies to O6 were detected. Perorally immunized animals had significantly higher levels of IgG and IgA anti-O6 compared with the nonimmunized group 1 week after infection. Passive transfer of anti-lipid A did not increase resistance against pyelonephritis.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Adhesion of Escherichia coli in urinary tract infection.

In individuals prone to urinary tract infections the intestine is colonized by E. Coli strains that possess a combination of properties determining virulence. Such an E. coli strain may colonize the vaginal and periurethral area and ascend the urinary tract. The ability to attach to the mucosal surface is thought to be essential for E. coli to colonize and to remain in the urinary tract. Most E. coli from patients with urinary tract infection show one or both of two adherence properties. One may depend on the recognition by type 1 fimbriae of mannose-containing residues in the urinary slime. It is measured as mannose-sensitive haemagglutination and is found on most E. coli strains. The second adherence property is detected as attachment to human urinary tract epithelial cells and as mannose-resistant agglutination of human erythrocytes. This may depend on the recognition of globo-series glycolipids in the epithelial cell surface. Possession of this adherence factor is strongly related to virulence. Most strains from patients with acute pyelonephritis and cystitis have this property but it is rare in strains from patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria and strains from normal faeces. Local antibodies may interfere with bacterial attachment, thus possibly preventing the colonization that precedes urinary tract infection or modifying an established infection. Vaginal antibodies are known to coat E. coli from the stools. Antibodies in the urine of patients with acute pyelonephritis inhibit attachment of the infecting strain to uroepithelial cells. Antibodies directed against several bacterial surface structures, for example O antigen and fimbriae, are likely to inhibit attachment by steric hindrance or agglutination. The role of antibodies in adhesion-mediating structure such as fimbriae in susceptibility to and the outcome of human urinary tract infection remains to be investigated.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1981

A four-year follow-up of schoolgirls with untreated covert bacteriuria: bacteriological aspects.

In 75 schoolgirls aged 5-11 with untreated covert coliform bacteriuria who were followed up to 4 years, infection cleared in 16 (21%), cleared and recurred in 37 (50%) and persisted in 22 (29%). Clearance of bacteriuria was significantly (P less than .05) more frequent in girls with normal radiological findings than in those with abnormal findings. In 31 (59%) of the 53 girls in whom bacteriuria cleared spontaneously, the urine became sterile within the first year after the discovery of the bacteriuria. Spontaneous clearance of bacteriuria was preceded by an increase of the sensitivity of the urinary pathogens to the cidal effect of human serum. Seven (10%) of the 75 untreated bacteriuric girls had shown progression of kidney damage (progression of scarring in 4 and failure of kidney growth in 3). In all of these 7 girls vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) was present and bacteriuria was persistent, but in 6 of them from one to three changes in the serotype of Esch. coli or bacterial species were noted during follow-up. These observations suggest that changes in bacterial flora may be a risk factor in the progression of kidney damage in girls with urinary tract infection and VUR.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1980

An experimental model for ascending acute pyelonephritis caused by Escherichia coli or proteus in rats.

Experimental, ascending acute pyelonephritis in rats was produced by injecting 0 x 5 ml of 10(9) bacteria/ml into the urinary bladder via the urethra. No traumatic manipulation of the ureters of kidneys was necessary. A grading system for kidney lesions based on macro- and microscopical examination was used. The capacity of different Escherichia coli and proteus strains to induce acute pyelonephritis was tested, and the E. coli 06K13H1 strain and the Proteus mirabilis 03H1 strain were especially capable of causing urinary tract infection. For the P. mirabilis 03H1 strain, a dominance of right kidney lesions was noted in contrast to the E. coli 06K13H1 strain which did not show any side preference.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Experimental endocarditis in rabbits. 4. Experiments with Serratia marcescens: on the significance of serum susceptibility and proteolytic capacity of the strains and the influence of an indwelling catheter.

In order to investigate the course of Serratia marcescens endocarditis in groups of rabbits with and without an indwelling catheter, 130 rabbits were pretreated to produce left-sided endocarditis. Three clinical isolates of S. marcescens were used to infect the rabbits, i.e. CDC O13 (serum sensitive, proteolytic), SM 104 (serum resistant, proteolytic) and SM 55 (highly serum resistant, non-proteolytic). Ten rabbits with an indwelling catheter were challenged with CDC O13 and none of them died or showed evidence of endocarditis 28 days later. In groups of rabbits with indwelling catheters which were challenged with SM 104 or SM 55 there was a high incidence of endocarditis (19/20, 18/20, respectively), while groups without catheters inoculated with the same strains had a lower incidence (5/20, 15/20, respectively). In contrast to earlier observations with Streptococcus faecalis, the clinical and pathological data were not significantly influenced by the presence or absence of proteolytic capacity of the infecting strains. The results indicate that the ability of S. marcescens to establish endocarditis depends significantly on the degree of serum resistance of the strains. This difference was only demonstrable in experiments without an indwelling catheter during the infection period. The distrurbing influence of an indwelling catheter is discussed, and it is concluded that experimental models using indwelling catheters are inappropriate for studies on the pathophysiology of endocarditis.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Protective effect of immunization with Salmonella minnesota Re 595 against ascending Escherichia coli O6K13H1 pyelonephritis in rats.

Active as well as passive immunization with formalin-killed S. minnesota Re 595 bacteria protected against experimental, ascending pyelonephritis caused by E. coli O6K13H1 in rats. Absorption of the hyperimmune sera with Re antigen before passively given did not eliminate the protective effect. The specificity of protective antibodies is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The homogeneity of the faecal coliform flora of normal school-girls, characterized by serological and biochemical properties.

The homogeneity of fecal coliform flora in 52 schoolgirls was studied by serotyping and biotyping 10 randomly selected colonies in one fecal culture from each child. Ninety-eight clones were identified and of these 52 were dominant and 46 were minor strains. The probability of including at least one isolate of the dominant clone in a small random sample of colonies was calculated to be 86% for one colony, 94% for 2, 97% for 3, 99% for 4, and 99.3% for 5 randomly selected colonies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Adhesion to normal human uroepithelial cells of Escherichia coli from children with various forms of urinary tract infection.

The ability to adhere to normal human uroepithelial cells was compared for Escherichia coli strains isolated from the urine of girls with acute pyelonephritis, acute cystitis, or asymptomatic bacteriuria, and from the stools of school children without bacteriuria. Strains from those with acute pyelonephritis had high adhesive ability, whereas strains from those with acute cystitis had intermediate and strains from girls with asymptomatic bacteriuria or from normal feces had low adhesive ability. Strains of serogroup O4K12 had good adherence regardless of origin. E. coli of the eight O groups commonly found in patients with acute pyelonephritis adhered more than did strains of other O groups. Spontaneously agglutinating strains had less adhesive ability than did the O-typable ones.

Acute Disease↗