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Biomedical subjects

S Olsen

Publications and source records attributed to S Olsen.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Oral bioavailability and anti-simian varicella virus efficacy of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-E-5-(2-bromovinyl)uracil (BV-araU) in monkeys.

BV-araU (1-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl-E-5-[2-bromovinyl]uracil) has potent antiviral activity against varicella zoster virus in cell culture and is undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present study, pharmacokinetic parameters and the efficacy of BV-araU against infection with simian varicella virus (SVV) were evaluated in African green monkeys. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined by analysis of the BV-araU content of sera obtained after oral and intravenous administration to normal monkeys. Peak serum concentrations showed dose proportionality, with the 0.1 mg/kg dose resulting in a peak serum concentration of 0.05 micrograms/ml, the approximately ED50 value for the SVV inoculum in cell culture. BV-araU administered orally twice daily at 0.1 mg/kg for 10 days starting 48 h after intratracheal SVV infection prevented vesicular rash development and suppressed viremia. Effective therapy could be initiated 96 h after infection. Taken together, these results indicate that BV-araU is effective oral therapy at doses that achieve peak serum levels equivalent to the ED50 for SVV in cell culture.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of a procedure for systematic semiquantitative analysis of glomerular ultrastructure in human renal biopsies.

A method is described for systematic semiquantitative investigation of glomerular ultrastructure in renal biopsies from patients with glomerulonephritis. Three glomeruli per biopsy were studied by electron microscopy. Ten systematically recorded micrographs at x12,000 and a montage covering the whole glomerular cross-section at x3,000 were analyzed from each glomerulus. The severity of each of 34 different ultrastructural lesions was semiquantitatively evaluated on a 4-degree scale, 0 to +++. The usefulness of the method was evaluated by calculating different parameters for the reproducibility of semiquantitative scoring, representativeness of micrographs, and representativeness of glomeruli. The reliability of the method was considered good or acceptable with respect to 17 of the lesions. Ten lesions obtained a high reproducibility of scoring but the usefulness of the scores was limited due to a segmental and/or focal distribution of these lesions. The evaluation of these lesions can be improved by analyzing a larger number of micrographs, or glomeruli, or both. Seven lesions were so rare in the present biopsies that no statistical evaluation was possible. When applied to a large number of biopsies, this practical and useful method allows a reproducible comparison of the patterns of ultrastructural lesions in various types of glomerulonephritis.

Basement Membrane↗
PubMed1978

Circulating immune complexes in syphilitic nephropathy. A case report.

A case of transient nephrotic syndrome caused by secondary syphilis is described. A renal biopsy was performed revealing subepithelial hump-like electron-dense deposits and fusion of epithelial foot-processes. Complement C1q-binding-activity and anticomplementarity were demonstrated in the blood, indicating the presence of circulating immune complexes. This strongly suggests that circulating immune complexes are significant in the immunopathogenesis of syphilitic nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A quantitative study of glomeruli in idiopathic nephrosis with minimal or no glomerular lesions.

A quantitative investigation was performed of glomeruli in renal ibiopsies from patients with nephrotic syndrome or persisting proteinuria associated with normal light microscopic findings or slight changes not considered significant ("minimal change disease", lipoid nephrosis). The mesangial area was widened (+ 26 per cent, p less than 0.05) and there was an increase in the mean of the total number of cellular nuclei per glomerulus, the number of mesangial (+ 16 per cent) and edothelial nuclei (+ 23 per cent), but of these only endothelial hypercellularity was significant (p less than 0.025).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Patterns of immunological anti-donor reactivity in renal allotransplanted patients--a prospective study.

The immunological reactivity of 20 consecutive renal allotransplanted patients against donor lymphocytes were followed from the day of transplantation and subsequently twice weekly until dismissal or graftectomy. The investigations concerned Complement Dependent Cytotoxic (CDC) antibodies, Antibody Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) and Cell-Mediated Lymphocytotoxicity (CML). Five patterns of immunological reactivity were observed parallelling the clinical courses. A specifically positive CML test was highly but not absolutely correlated to clinical graftrejection. Graftrejection was in general not preceeded by positive CML. The patterns of CDC and ADCC reactivity in relation to graftrejection were not evident.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1977

Renal function and renal pathology in patients with lithium-induced impairment of renal concentrating ability.

Lithium-induced impairment of renal concentrating ability is regarded as a harmless side effect of lithium treatment. This report presents investigations of renal function and renal pathology in 13 patients with reduced renal concentrating ability arising during lithium treatment. The reduced concentrating ability parallels histological damage and is a sign of lithium-induced chronic nephropathy.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Interstitial nephritis with acute renal failure following cardiac surgery and treatment with methicillin.

Six patients developed acute renal failure 13-19 days after cardiac surgery with extracorporeal circulation. None of the patients had suffered from postoperative hypotension; slight hemolysis was present for only 1-2 days post-operatively. Acute renal failure lasted for 11-80 days in four patients. In two patients creatinine clearance stabilized at reduced values. Seven renal biopsies from the six patients showed severe acute interstitial nephritis with mononuclear cellular infiltration and distal tubular damage. No immune deposits were detected in glomeruli or tubular basement membrane. All six patients had been treated prophylactically with methicillin and the acute renal disease was probably elicited by this drug.

Acute Kidney Injury↗