PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S P Kumar

Publications and source records attributed to S P Kumar.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Potentiation of lymphocyte mitogenic responses to concanavalin A by antigen-activated peripheral blood monocytes.

Purified protein derivative (PPD)-stimulated monocytes derived from Mycobacterium bovis-sensitized cattle significantly potentiated lymphocyte mitogenic responses to concanavalin A (conA), as measured by incorporation of [3H] thymidine into cellular DNA. Monocytes were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of PPD, washed thoroughly, and mixed with purified lymphocytes; various doses of conA were added to these cultures, and the cultures were incubated for 4 days and assayed for DNA synthesis. The lymphocyte mitogenic responses to suboptimal, buy not optimal, doses of conA were significantly enhanced by the presence of PPD-activated monocytes from M bovis-sensitized cattle. Treatment nonsensitized cattle with PPD did not result in any significant enhancement of conA-induced lymphocyte mitogenic responses at any dose of conA tested.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Anomalous origin of the right coronary artery above the left sinus of Valsalva.

Various anomalies of coronary arterial origin have been described. These anatomical variations are discovered either by coronary angiography or at autopsy. We are reporting a case of anomalous origin of the right coronary artery above the left sinus of Valsalva. To our knowledge, this anomaly has not been described before. A technique for selectively catheterizing such an aberrant coronary artery is described.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Frequency of lymphocytes bearing Fc receptors and surface membrane immunoglobulins in normal, persistent lymphocytotic and leukemia cows.

Fluoresceinated, heat-aggregated bovine immunoglobulins (B-IgG) and human immunoglobulins (H-IgG) were used to detect a receptor for the crystallizable fragment (Fc) of the immunoglobulin molecule on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of cattle. The aggregated and B-IgG and H-IgG bound to the bovine PBL, but aggregated H-IgG was found to be more sensitive for the detection of Fc receptors. The specificity of aggregated H-IgG binding to the Fc receptors was established by demonstrating that antigen-antibody complexes inhibited this binding, and unaggregated H-IgG did not bind significantly to PBL. Double-labeling experiments suggested that all Fc+ cells have surface immunoglobulins (SIg), a marker for B lymphocytes. The percentage of Fc+ and SIg+ cells in normal animals was 9.5% (range 4-15%) and 16.2% (range 4.5-30.2%), respectively. Persistent lymphocytotic cows had 2.71 times more Fc+ and 3.85 times more SIg+ lymphocytes than did normal cows. Cows with lymphosarcoma had a lower percentage of Fc+ and SIg+ cells than did cows with persistent lymphocytosis. Cases with thymic lymphosarcoma and those with the skin form of leukemia had normal percentages of Fc+ and SIg+ cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

The effects of feeding on arterial blood gases and lung mechanics in newborn infants recovering from respiratory disease.

Fifteen infants recovering from neonatal respiratory disease had arterial blood gases and lung mechanics measured 5 minutes before bolus feeds and at 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after feeding to determine physiologic effects of feeding. PaO2 fell significantly from prefeeding values at 5, 10, and 20 minutes after feeds. Mean prefeeding pH and base excess values were significantly different from mean postfeeding values at 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes, respectively. PaCO2 remained unchanged before and after feeding. Heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure did not change throughout the study. Dynamic lung compliance, respiratory, rate, and tidal volume did not change significantly but there was a trend toward increase in tidal volume. Mean minute volume rose with time as a consequence of the increased tidal volume. Work of breathing remained unchanged at 10 and 20 minutes postfeed and increased slightly at 30 minutes; this was due to a small increase in both elastic and viscous work components at this time.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Profound hypothermic circulatory arrest in management of aortic aneurysms.

A total of 15 patients having aneurysms of aorta were operated from June 1997 to December 1998 using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest as a modality of brain protection. There were 12 males and 3 females. The age ranged from 19 years to 74 years and the mean age was 44.9 years. Nine patients had aneurysms of ascending aorta (group I), one had aneurysm of ascending aorta and arch of aorta (group II), four had aneurysm of the distal aortic arch (group III) and one patient had thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (group IV). In group I, six patients underwent Bentall procedure, two underwent Wheat procedure and one patient had repair of pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta. The only patient in group II had his ascending aorta and arch replaced, with reimplantation of left common carotid and innominate artery. In group III, three patients had interposition Gelseal graft and one had repair of the tear in distal aortic arch. The lone patient in group IV had interposition Gelseal graft of thoracoabdominal aorta. The hypothermic circulatory arrest was used in all of them for brain and/or spinal cord protection. Retrograde cerebral perfusion was used in two patients. There were two (13%) operative deaths. One patient died of cerebrovascular accident on eighth post-operative day and second died of inadequate surgical repair. There was one instance of left hemiparesis secondary to an infarct in right frontoparietal region. To conclude, hypothermic circulatory arrest could provide an adequate brain protection for aortic aneurysm surgery. Retrograde cerebral perfusion could be an adjuvant when the anticipated time of hypothermic circulatory arrest is likely to exceed 45 minutes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adverse drug reactions in the newborn.

Adverse drug reactions have been noted to occur in one of three newborns admitted to intensive care units. The factors associated with adverse drug reactions and the adverse reactions to commonly used medications in neonatal intensive care units are discussed. Methods of preventing or reducing these undesired effects are suggested.

1-Propanol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Anxiety, depression, and hostility in mothers of preterm infants.

Anxiety, depression, and hostility in 47 mothers of high-risk preterm infants were tested at the time of infant discharge and when the infant was 9 months old. Mothers of these high-risk preterms were significantly more anxious and depressed before their infant was discharged than when the infant was 9 months old. Before infant discharge, multiparas were significantly more depressed than primiparas. Additionally, mothers whose infants remained in the hospital longer than the mean of 51 days were significantly less depressed at infant discharge than were mothers whose infants had shorter hospital stays. Maternal anxiety, depression, and hostility did not differ based on marital status, maternal education, socioeconomic status, or maternal age at the time of infant discharge or when the infant was 9 months old.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Infections in newborn infants in a special care unit. A changing pattern of infection.

An analysis of infections in the intensive and intermediate care nurseries (special care unit) of the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania was made over a three year period. From January 1982 to September 1984, 98 bacteremias were identified in 2571 infants, giving an overall incidence of 3.8 per 100 infants admitted to the special care unit and 11.8 per 1000 hospital births; 7 of 98 infants died, all from early onset disease. Fifty-eight percent of bacteremias were nosocomial. Gram positive organisms accounted for 89 percent of all bacteremias, with coagulase negative staphylococcus and beta hemolytic streptococcus Group B (GBS) being the most frequently identified organisms. Coagulase negative staphylococcus was responsible for 42 percent of bacteremias and 75 percent of all nosocomial infections during this period. Streptococcus Group B was responsible for 78 percent of early onset infection; mortality rate from GBS was 11 percent. In view of the changing pattern of infection and the predominance of coagulase negative staphylococcus, the therapy for nosocomial infection should include antibiotics effective against this organism.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Subgaleal hemorrhage in the newborn infant associated with silicone elastomer vacuum extractor.

Subgaleal hemorrhage in the newborn infant has been reported worldwide, but despite the efforts of previous authors, this entity has not received the necessary attention in pediatric literature, and continues to represent a potentially fatal problem. Although the association of subgaleal hemorrhage with the use of the metal cup vacuum extractor has clearly been documented, its association with the silicone elastomer version has not been previously reported. We describe two cases in newborn infants where silicone elastomer cup vacuum extractor was used. The diagnosis of subgaleal hemorrhage must be considered in any infant with a scalp swelling and a falling hematocrit, and coagulation studies should be performed in all infants with a diagnosis of subgaleal hemorrhage. Complications include shock and death if subgaleal hemorrhage is massive and acute, and anemia and hyperbilirubinemia if it is slowly progressive. The familiarity with and ability of care givers to recognize the signs and symptoms of subgaleal hemorrhage are essential in preventing fatalities. A systematic approach to diagnosis with close monitoring of vital signs, hematocrit, blood gases, head circumference, and signs of tissue hypoperfusion is recommended for infants after instrument deliveries. Pathogenesis of this lesion needs to be emphasized in pediatric literature so that early recognition and prompt treatment may avoid a fatal outcome.

Female↗