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Biomedical subjects

S P Mistilis

Publications and source records attributed to S P Mistilis.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Cyclosporin, a new treatment for autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.

A 51-year-old man whose aggressive autoimmune chronic active hepatitis had been treated with prednisone for five years, was treated with cyclosporin for 12 months. The disease had become unresponsive to high doses of prednisone and the side-effects had become disabling. Azathioprine could not be used because of drug hypersensitivity. With cyclosporin therapy the patient's symptoms disappeared for the first time since the onset of his illness, his liver enzyme levels fell almost to normal values and virtually no side-effects occurred. We suggest that cyclosporin be used on a clinical trial basis in patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis that is resistant to prednisone and azathioprine therapy.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1981

Alcohol and the liver. 3. Laboratory aids in the detection of alcohol abuse.

Alcohol abuse is often difficult to diagnose in the early stages in the absence of physical manifestations and where patients are unaware of their alcohol dependence. Many minimise the amount they consume and alcoholism frequently remains undetected even among patients admitted to hospital. This article reviews the metabolic basis of the common biochemical derangements due to alcohol, with particular emphasis on relevant laboratory tests which are available to practising physicians.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

Cholesterol and phospholipid: influence of body weight on the output of lipids in mesenteric lymph.

In ageing humans there is accumulation of cholesterol in adipose tissue, muscle and other organs. In human obesity increased synthesis of cholesterol has been demonstrated. In order to ascertain possible endogenous sources of lipids, the output of cholesterol, phospholipid and triglyceride from the bile and small intestine was studied in rats in relationship to body weight. The output of lipid in mesenteric lymph showed an almost two-fold increase in the heaviest rats. Small intestinal concentrations of phospholipid and unesterified cholesterol rose significantly with increase of body weight. Output of cholesterol and phospholipid in bile was found to be related to body weight and total bile salt output. The increased lipid content of mesenteric lymph may reflect lipid synthesis in the small intestine, as well as increased absorption from biliary sources, and contribute to cholesterol accumulation in obese rats. Although these are major differences between human and rat cholesterol metabolism, the intestine is a major source of endogenous cholesterol in both species, and could be part of the source of the additional cholesterol load in obese humans.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Hepatitis B antigen and antibody in active chronic hepatitis and other liver diseases in Australia. A multicenter collaborative study.

In a multicenter cooperative study, sera from 85 patients with active chronic hepatitis (ACH) were examined for the presence of hepatitis B (Australia) antigen (HBAg) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and antibody to HBAg (anti-HBAg) by RIA and passive hemagglutination (PHA), the most sensitive currently available techniques. In addition, sera from 83 patients with other liver diseases 98 other hospital patients, and 67 healthy controls were tested. HBAg was detected in 3 of the 85 patients (four percent) with ACH. In a further 3 patients (four percent) anti-HBAg was detected. Thus, 6 patients with ACH (seven percent) had evidence of present or prior infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBAg was also detected in 7 of the patients with other liver diseases, 2 of the other hospital patients, and none of the healthy controls. Anti-HBAg was detected in 17 of the non-ACH subjects. These results indicate that neither persistent nor prior self-limited infection with HBV is a major factor in the pathogenesis of ACH in Australia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Plasma lipids in extra hepatic biliary obstruction.

Detailed studies of plasmsa lipids and lipoproteins were carried out on a large number of patients with proven extra hepatic biliary obstruction (EHO) to determine if changes are confined to the phospholipids and cholesterol fractions or whether the hypertriglyceridaemia, found previously in isolated studies, is present consistently and to a significant degree. Plasma lipids were also compared before and after surgical relief of the obstruction. In 15 patients with EHO (aged 16 to 78 years), compared to 23 controls (aged 18 to 63 years), there was an increase in total cholesterol due to an increase in the unesterified fraction, increase in unesterified to esterified cholesterol ratio, increase in phospholipids and increase in phospholipid to cholesterol ratio. The most striking finding was a marked and persistent elevation of triglyceride. Furthermore the increase in triglyceride was of a similar magnitude to cholesterol and phospholipid. Following relief of pbstruction the triglyceride returned to normal. The hypertriglyceridaemia in cases of EHO was associated with a clear serum and negative cold aggregation test in contrast to the changes in cases of endogenous (type IV) hypertriglyceridaemia. Hypertriglyceridaemia in EHO was associated with a broad beta fraction on the electrophoretogram. Lipoprotein-X was also detected and persisted after the relief of the obstruction despite the return of other lipid changes to normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Studies on Ponstan (mefenamic acid): I. Gastro-intestinal blood loss; II. Absorbtion and excretion of a new formulation.

Using improved techniques in a study of faecal blood loss no significant change over control level occurred during administration of mefenamic acid 500 mg t.i.d. for six days. This lack of gastro-intestinal bleeding is at variance with earlier findings for this compound. Studies of two mefenamic acid formulations (250 mg capsule and 500 mg filmseal tablet) showed no significant difference in area under blood level curves or in urinary output data, indicating equivalent total absorption. The 500 mg film-coated tablet gave significantly higher serum levels at 0.5 hours, whereas the 250 mg capsule gave significantly higher serum levels at 6 and 8 hours.

Adult↗