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S P Sullivan

Publications and source records attributed to S P Sullivan.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Defective motor behavior and neural gene expression in RIIbeta-protein kinase A mutant mice.

Motor behavior is modulated by dopamine-responsive neurons in the striatum, where dopaminergic signaling uses G-protein-coupled pathways, including those that result in the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The RIIbeta isoform of PKA is highly enriched in the striatum, and targeted disruption of the RIIbeta gene in mice leads to a dramatic reduction in total PKA activity in this region. Although the mutant mice show typical locomotor responses after acute administration of dopaminergic drugs, they display abnormalities in two experience-dependent locomotor behaviors: training on the rotarod task and locomotor sensitization to amphetamine. In addition, amphetamine induction of fos is absent, and the basal expression of dynorphin mRNA is reduced in the striatum. These results demonstrate that motor learning and the regulation of neuronal gene expression require RIIbeta PKA, whereas the acute locomotor effects of dopaminergic drugs are relatively unaffected by this PKA deficiency.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1997

Eating disturbances and outcome of gastric bypass surgery: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: We examined how the outcome of gastric bypass surgery (GBP) was effected by the interaction between presurgery eating disturbance status and length of time since surgery. METHOD: Subjects were recruited from a list of patients who received GBP in the last 3 years. Twenty-seven patients 20.8 +/- 11.0 months postsurgery were interviewed. RESULTS: Both current eating disturbance status and weight regain were predicted by the interaction between presurgical eating disturbance status and length of time since surgery. The significant time period in this interaction was 2 years or more postsurgery. DISCUSSION: Patients with a presurgical eating disorder may experience a short-term improvement in their eating disorder following GBP that erodes on or after 2 years and is related to weight regain. Methods for improving surgical outcome in this population are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Eating disturbances before and after vertical banded gastroplasty: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVE: We interviewed 24 female patients who had undergone vertical banded gastroplasty (VBG) to examine what effect eating disturbances have on weight loss outcome after VBG. METHOD: Subjects were recruited from 120 patients who had undergone VBG in the last 3 1/2 years. Subjects were asked questions relating to past and present weight status, weight loss methods, eating behaviors, and psychiatric status. RESULTS: Eating disturbances before VBG in the form of binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa (BN), night eating syndrome, and drinking large quantities of fluids were very common (75%), and they tended to persist after VBG. Although VBG led to varying weight loss, some patients exhibited a weight regain as postoperative time increased. Patients currently diagnosed with an eating disturbance were more likely to exhibit weight regain than people without these disturbances. VBG did not affect psychiatric status. DISCUSSION: VBG appears to be successful in producing weight loss in the morbidly obese, but less successful in altering eating behavior or psychiatric status. Future studies should aim to clarify the role of eating behavior in determining the outcome of bariatric surgery and examine whether treatments such as cognitive behavior therapy targeted specifically at the eating disturbance can improve surgical outcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Creating a legacy.

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Community-Institutional Relations↗
PubMed1977

Acute intravenous administration of potassium chloride to furosemide pretreated dogs.

Twelve male mongrel dogs were used for this study; six were untreated (control) and six were given intravenous furosemide (1 mg/kg) daily for seven consecutive days before each study. Each animal received intravenous KCl 0.8, 1.6 or 3.2 mMol/kg/hr for one hour, but only one dose for each study and at least seven days were allowed between studies. The animals were given thiopentone for tracheal intubation and mechanically ventilated, maintaining a PaCO2 of 4.0 to 4.5 kPa (30-35 torr) and anaesthetized with nitrous oxide-oxygen and halothane. Daily administration of furosemide reduced serum potassium from 4.48 to 4.09 mMol/1 with no significant change in serum sodium. A greater number of furosemide-pretreated animals (6 vs 3) developed cardiac dysrhythmias during non-lethal intravenous KCl at 0.8, 1.6 mMol/kg/hr. The furosemide-pretreated group tended to succumb at a lower serum potassium concentration (12.2 vs 13.8 mMol/I, P less than 0.05) and developed earlier onset (44 vs 54 min, P less than 0.05) of cardiac standstill or ventricular fibrillation following intravenous KCl at 3.2 mMol/kg/hr. Cardiac output, heart rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly elevated during serum concentrations of 6.9-9.1 mMol/1, while no statistically significant changes were observed for stroke volume and peripheral resistance. There were no significant differences of urinary potassium excretion between the untreated and treated groups when like doses of KCl were infused. These data suggest that acute infusion of KCl in furosemide-pretreated dogs may not be an effective means of treating hypokalaemia and could be hazardous.

Animals↗