Computed tomography as a diagnostic technique.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S P Temes.
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CT staging of bladder neoplasms is a highly accurate procedure with a proven accuracy rate of 81% and a potential accuracy rate probably above 90%. At this institution, CT staging has become a routine procedure for all patients with bladder neoplasms prior to surgery or radiotherapy as well as to follow the progress of therapy. Staging of bladder carcinoma is performed by cystoscopy with biopsy, intravenous urography, and CT of the gas-filled bladder. Of 21 patients with surgical confirmation, 17 were correctly staged solely from the CT image. Overstaging in the four errors resulted from confusion produced by normal contiguous extravesical structures and by tangential viewing of the normal bladder wall. Negative contrast allowed precise demonstration of the morphology of the intravesical portion of the tumor.
Current methods of staging bladder carcinoma have many disadvantages. A new method of staging bladder tumors employing computed tomography (CT) of the gas-filled bladder is presented. Representative cases are demonstrated. Direct visualization of the extent of the tumor and adjacent soft tissue structures is possible. CT scanning of the gas-filled bladder is a promising new method for staging bladder tumors and following their response to therapy.
The direct effect of mannitol on the renal artery was studied using spiral cut strips of canine renal arteries. Spiral strips were equilibrated in Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer at 37 degrees C. The strips contracted when challenged with increasing doses of mannitol. The force of contraction was directly proportional to the dose of mannitol used. Vasoconstriction is a direct effect of mannitol on the renal artery in the dose range of 10 to 70 milligrams per milliliter. This observation may explain some of the seemingly contradictory data which have accumulated in studies using mannitol.