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S Paladini

Publications and source records attributed to S Paladini.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

[Use of antimyosin monoclonal antibodies in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarct. Comparison with other imaging technics and in vivo kinetics study].

Labelled monoclonal antimyosin antibodies have been proposed for the diagnostic imaging of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In order to verify in the clinical practice the theoretical advantages of this new approach, we performed planar imaging with a commercial kit of 111In-antimyosin (111In-AM) in 17 patients admitted to our Coronary Care Unit with the diagnosis of AMI. The results were compared with the echocardiographic assessment of AMI and, in 9 subjects, also with 99mTc-pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) scintigraphy. Furthermore, the in-vivo kinetics of 111In-AM was investigated in 11 patients (blood pool activity curve; column gel-chromatography of the injected compound and patient serum). 111In-AM images showed a myocardial uptake in 16/17; 99mTc-PYP scintigraphy in 7/9. The site of AMI was correctly identified by 111In-AM in 14/17, was mistaken in one and impossible to evaluate in another (diffuse uptake pattern). AMI extent, qualitatively assessed in 111In-AM images was consonant with echocardiography in 8/17 and with 99mTc-PYP in 5 of 9 subjects studied also with this method. An apparent underestimation, in comparison with echocardiography was found in 2 cases, whilst an overestimation was seen in 5 cases. One patient was also underestimated in comparison with 99mTc-PYP. 111In-AM images showed a poor quality, with considerable liver, bone marrow, kidney and blood pool activity and therefore low target to background ratio. In-vivo kinetics was characterized by a slow clearance from the blood pool.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Acute antiarrhythmia treatment with amiodarone and blood levels of thyroid hormones].

Amiodarone has a good antiarrhythmic effect administered either acutely or chronically. Since the antiarrhythmic effect of chronically administered amiodarone has been thought to be dependent on a depression of thyroid function, we studied the peripheral hormonal pattern of 10 euthyroid patients with ventricular arrhythmias who had been responsive to the acute intravenous administration of the drug (10 mg/Kg). During the first 12 hours following the drug administration, reverse T3, free T3 and free T4 values and QTc duration were unchanged. Therefore the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone when acutely administered has no correlation with thyroid hormone serum changes.

Amiodarone↗
PubMed1984

Vasoactive factors in the mechanism of renal sodium handling in cirrhotics: the effect of acute plasma expansion.

Twenty cirrhotic patients with ascites, divided into two groups of 10 each, according to their daily urinary sodium excretion (sodium retainers and sodium excretors) and given a diet of 75 mEq of sodium daily, underwent acute plasma volume expansion with 1,000 ml of 10% dextran in saline, infused through a catheter located in the right atrium. Even if a significant increase in sodium excretion was observed in both groups (p less than 0.001 in sodium excretors and p less than 0.05 in sodium retainers), plasma expansion did not reverse sodium retention in sodium retainers. A significant increase in creatinine clearance was found only in sodium retainers (p less than 0.02). Basal plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone were elevated only in a few patients of both groups. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was highly responsive to plasma expansion. Sodium retainers, who showed an ineffective natriuretic response after expansion, were able to suppress both plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone in an analogous manner to the sodium-excreting group. This result lends strong support to the concept that the elevated aldosterone level in cirrhosis is not the major determinant of sodium retention. The kallikrein-kinin system was responsive to volume stimulus, since a decrease in kallikrein excretion was noted. It was significant in sodium retainers (p less than 0.05). Plasma PGE1,2 levels were significantly higher in sodium retainers than in controls. This may suggest that there is an activation of the intrarenal prostaglandin system, which could play a protective role against renal ischaemia. After volume expansion, PGE1,2 increased, but not significantly. Octopamine appeared unrelated to sodium excretion and unresponsive to volume stimulus. Endotoxins did not seem to be involved in renal sodium handling. Plasma volume expansion seemed effective in inducing a reduction of vasoconstrictor and sodium-retaining factors, such as the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. It is possible to suggest that volume expansion could increase PGE1,2. Plasma volume expansion produced different rates of sodium excretion in the two groups of patients and this suggests that impaired sodium handling in cirrhosis could, to some extent, be independent of effective plasma volume.

Female↗
PubMed1983

[Thyroid function in patients chronically treated with amiodarone].

The effects of Amiodarone (1000-1400 mg/week, for a period ranging from 3 to 24 months) on thyroid gland function were studied in 45 patients with heart disease, using a new method of free thyroid hormone assay. Forty-four untreated patients and 11 normal subjects were used as controls. In treated patients the prevalence of dysthyroidism was 22,2% (15,6% hypothyroidism and 6,6% hyperthyroidism); the onset of dysthyroidism ranged from 20 days to 2 years after the beginning of treatment. In control patients the prevalence of dysthyroidism was 4,4% (2,2% hypothyroidism and 2,2% hyperthyroidism). In patients with hypothyroidism (TSH greater than 7 microunits/ml) T4 levels were generally low, while T3, fT4 and fT3 levels were normal. In treated patients with hyperthyroidism (fT3 greater than 5,3 pg/ml and fT4 greater than 16 pg/ml) T4 values were high, while T3 concentrations were in the normal range. In Amiodarone-treated euthyroid patients, mean T4, fT4 and rT3 values were significantly (p less than 0,01) higher than those of control subjects; TSH levels were normal in all the groups studied. These data suggest that Amiodarone can exert both a direct effect on the thyroid gland and the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones. The action on the thyroid gland is suggested by the high prevalence of dysthyroidism in Amiodarone-treated patients and by the high levels of T4 and fT4 observed in patients who did not show dysthyroidism. The action on the peripheral hormonal metabolism seems to be proved by the high levels of rT3 and by the prolongation of QTc interval.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Plasma hormone assay in pregnancy.

This paper reports the results obtained with various hormonal parameters (HPL, E3, alpha-FP) in evaluating fetal wellbeing during pathologic pregnancies. The expression of hormonal parameters in terms of standard deviation (S.D.) provides a constant endocrine index throughout pregnancy, independently of the adopted parameter. Such methodology reduces error and simplifies interpretation of data. The hormonal index is important not only for reliable diagnosis of a pathologic situation, but also because of its simple interpretation for clinical and practical purposes.

Estriol↗
PubMed1980

Functional renal alterations in chronic liver diseases.

83 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 38 of them with cirrhosis, were studied and compared with 10 control subjects suffering from chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH). Tubular acidosis frequently was found in our cases. Renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate were significantly decreased in CAH when compared with CPH. Selective renal arteriography showed evident decrease of arterial flow in the outer cortex. Selective renal scan with 99mTc microspheres of human albumin showed a frequent escape of the tracer from the kidney to the lung. PGE1 and PGE2 levels appeared higher in the renal artery than in the vein and were significantly more elevated in 9 cases with cirrhosis vs. 13 controls. These results suggest the frequent functional impairment of the kidney also in the early stages of CAH, with an increase of PGE levels and an opening of intrarenal shunts.

Acidosis, Renal Tubular↗
PubMedDate not supplied

High maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels during the 2nd trimester of pregnancy: diagnostic approach.

The limit of the classic diagnostic protocols following the evidence of high maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels is represented by the high number of amniocenteses performed and that, in the most part of cases, give false negative results. Now days the introduction of high resolution ecographic equipments allows to us, in many cases, to clarify the diagnostic without further examinations. The Authors propose a diagnostic protocol that include the execution of high resolution ultrasound at the second withdrawal of serum alpha-fetoprotein, limiting the use of amniocentesis only when is necessary to determine the fetal karyotype. An high sensibility diagnostic system with a favourable cost/benefit ratio results from this approach.

Amniocentesis↗