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Biomedical subjects

S Paré

Publications and source records attributed to S Paré.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Metabolic and anthropometric changes in female weight cyclers and controls over a 1-year period.

OBJECTIVE: Women who diet to lose weight often regain the weight over time, and the cycle repeats itself. The objective of this study was to identify a group of female weight cyclers and to match them with a control group who had never consciously tried to lose weight. For 1 year, weight patterns, eating habits, metabolic parameters, and body composition were assessed to determine whether there was a relationship between weight cycling and these variables. DESIGN: Measurements were done at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. Changes in weight, diet, and exercise were monitored throughout the year. SETTING: All testing was done at a university physiology laboratory. SUBJECTS/SAMPLES: Nine weight cyclers with a notable history of dieting and food restriction were recruited. Subsequently, nine control subjects were selected and matched for age, height, weight, lean body mass, and exercise habits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The observational study included measures of 3-day diet records, skinfold and girth, serum glucose, insulin and triiodothyronine, and resting energy expenditure. STATISTICAL ANALYSES PERFORMED: The main variables were analyzed using a 2 x 3 (diet group x time) analysis of variance with repeated measures on the time factor. Comparison of the means was done by Tukey post hoc test. RESULTS: A 7-point satisfaction scale indicated that the weight cyclers were dissatisfied with their weight compared with the noncyclers (P = .03). Otherwise, there were no differences between groups in dietary intakes or the physiologic variables. APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: In the parameters measured, a history of weight cycling did not affect the metabolic profiles of the weight cyclers compared with the noncyclers.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1992

Effect of daytime protein restriction on nutrient intakes of free-living Parkinson's disease patients.

Studies have shown that severe daytime restriction of dietary protein improves the efficacy of L-dopa and reduces response fluctuations in some Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This study investigated the nutritional adequacy of the daytime restricted-protein diet. Eleven free-living PD patients suffering from unpredictable response fluctuations to L-dopa were counseled to limit protein intake to approximately 10 g before 1700. Three sets of 6-d food records obtained during the 8-wk study showed that while on the test diet, mean intakes of most nutrients remained above the recommended nutrient intakes, although significant decreases occurred in protein, calcium, iron, phosphorus, riboflavin, and niacin intakes. The impact of the test diet on nutritional status as evaluated by changes in body weight and serum prealbumin was small. We conclude that healthy and highly motivated patients can maintain adequate intakes of most nutrients while restricting daytime protein intake. However, nutrient intakes might be compromised in patients whose regular diets are marginally adequate.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Hospital ethics committees in Quebec: an overview.

In June 1989, La Direction de la Sante physique (ministere de la Sante et des Services sociaux) (MSSS) undertook a major research project focusing on ethics committees in Quebec, in cooperation with Laval University's Groupe de recherche en Ethique Medicale (GREM). Initially, three major objectives were set out: to prepare a faithful overview of ethics committees in Quebec; to inform all those involved of the available resources, and to collect the data required to eventually carry out in-depth research on ethics committees. A number of government documents refer to the existence of ethics committees, whether to request their cooperation or to entrust mandates to them; moreover, the Law Reform Commission of Canada recently published a document that proposed establishing a Canadian Advisory Council on Biomedical Ethics. The MSSS, therefore, had to study the situation in Quebec with regard to ethics committees in order to be in a position to clarify its position in future discussions. This overview is the outcome of the first stage of this research project. Essentially, it represents the first of three main sections of a single document. It [1] presents general data on ethics committees, [2] contains a description of each committee by socio-sanitary region and type of committee, and in section three it deals with the principal resources available in bioethics in Quebec, Canada, and throughout the world.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Benefits of exercise training for men with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Twelve healthy men with IDDM participated in a 12-week walking/jogging exercise program. Pre- and postexercise assessment of dietary intakes, body composition, biochemical measures, and exercise performance indicators were completed. Subjects exercised either 3 or 5 days per week for 1 hour at 60% to 80% of estimated maximal heart rate. Dietary intakes showed a voluntary reduction in fat intake as a percent of total energy from 40% +/- 7% (mean +/- SD) to 37% +/- 8% (P = .053). No change occurred over time in body composition measures except for a significant reduction in the waist-to-hip ratio from 0.87 +/- 0.04 to 0.86 +/- 0.04 (P = .007). Fasting serum glucose and lipid levels did not change over time. Exercise capacity improved, as shown by an increased time to exhaustion on a treadmill run from 7.9 +/- 3.7 minutes to 9.7 +/- 3.8 minutes (P less than .001); and a lower heart rate at a constant work load--from 183 +/- 18 beats per minute preexercise to 175 +/- 20 beats per minute postexercise (P = .022). The study showed that healthy male subjects with IDDM can benefit from regular exercise with a redistribution of body fat and improved exercise capacity.

Adult↗