Biomedical subjects

S Pavlović

Publications and source records attributed to S Pavlović.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

[The importance of the sonographic image in the differential diagnosis of acute rejection in kidney transplantation].

Between October 1987 and October 1992 110 biopsies of transplanted kidney. Histologic examination showed 36 cases of acute rejection (Ac), 19 cases of chronic rejection (Chr), 16 cases of acute tubular necrosis (ATN) and 39 cases of cyclosporin nephrotoxicity. Sonographic characteristics as: hyperechogenicity of the cortex, hypoechogenicity of central pyelovascular zone, large and sonolucent pyramids, spherical configuration of renal allograft, were coelating with histologic and relevant clinic sings of disease. The results show statistically significant correlation with sonographic sings of acute rejection and relevant histologic and clinical findings. There was no correlations in other groups of diseases. These results confirm ultrasound as the primary imaging tool and an invaluable diagnostic modality in the renal transplant patient.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1996

[Renal size as an ultrasonographic parameter in the differential diagnosis of primary and secondary glomerulopathy].

Between October 1987. and October 1992. 289 biopsies of the kidney in patients with glomerular diseases were performed. Pathohistologic analysis showed 218 cases with primary and 71 cases with secondary glomerular diseases. In all patients kidneys were measured by ultrasound examinations. The results showed significant difference in longitudinal diameter of kidneys in patients with primary from those with secondary glomerular diseases. These results can help a nephrologist to diagnose glomerular disease.

Diagnosis, Differential↗

PubMed1996

[Malignant renal cysts].

Malignant renal cysts are extremely rare. Their symptomatology has been the same as of renal tumors or common renal cysts (pain, hematuria, elevated blood pressure, palpable tumor, subfebrile temperatures). Diagnostic procedures applied, which have been the same as for tumors or solitary renal cysts, comprise the following: plain x-ray IVP, retrograde ureteropyelography, scintigraphy, echotomography and diagnostic cyst puncture, arteriography, CT. Preoperative diagnosis of malignant cyst has been rather rare, i.e. the operative is more frequent during surgical exploration. In our study malignant renal cyst was present in six (8.5%) patients; in three (4.3%) patients malignant cyst was preoperatively suggested by echotomographic findings, in three (4.3%) patients the diagnosis was established intraoperatively.

Humans↗

PubMed1996

[Cystic tumefaction in the minor pelvis--the agenesis-dysplasia syndrome (case report)].

UNLABELLED: Ectopic kidney often shows signs of parenchyma maldifferentiation. Multicystic or dysplastic kidney is usually associated with congenital urogenital and skeletal system anomalies. In the Unilateral form of the agenesia-dysplasis syndrome, the kidney, if it is present, is small dysplastic and usually cystically changed. Ipsilateral uterus horn or vaginal agenesia are the most frequently associated anomalies. Case report. A six years old girl was clinically examined due to recurrent urinary tract infections. On ultrasound, the left kidney was enlarged, while the right kidney was absent in normal position. Cystic mass 4x5 cm was seen in the pelvis. The right kidney was not seen on IVP. CT scan showed a cystic formation in the pelvis, described as cystically changed dysplastic kidney. Pelviceal mass was extirpated. Exploration of the genital system revealed vaginal arch blinded in the hypoplastic right uterus horn. On pathohystology tumefaction corresponded to the dysplastic kidney. IN CONCLUSION: unilateral renal aplasia or dysplasia may indicate genital anomalies having in mind the hereditary character of unilateral form of the agenesia-dysplasia syndrome therefore, it could be helpful in prenatal diagnosis of cystic pelvic mass of fetus in families with this syndrome.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗

PubMed1996

[Renal function and histologic findings in immunoglobulin A nephropathy].

We investigated 28 patients with IgA nephropathy. Discriminatory analysis was the method used to determine discriminatory power of certain clinical and pathohistological parameters. Semiquantitatively were determined pathohistological parameters: glomerular index in range 0-10, vascular index 1-4, interstitial fibrosis 0-10, interstitial infiltration 0-3, tubular atrophy 0-3. Nephrotic syndrome (symbolic value), quantitative proteinuria and creatinine clearance at the time of biopsy and year after (continual variable) were used as clinical parameters. Discriminatory power was determined as a degree of decreasing Shennon's entropy by distinction of patients according to value of creatinine clearance at the time of biopsy, and a year after biopsy. Discriminatory power was measured in he information measurement units (bit). Based on discriminatory-predictive analysis we determined that glomerula changes and interstitial fibrosis had an equal effect (discriminatory power) on renal function at the time of biopsy and a year latter, as well as predictive value of these histological parameters and creatinine clearance at the time of biopsy.

Adult↗

PubMed1996

[Cyclosporine in the treatment of primary focal-segmental glomerulosclerosis].

Cyclosporin A (CyA) was administered at the Clinic of Nephrology, CCS, in treatment of 8 patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (NS) caused by focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSG), Cyclophosphamide (CP) treatment was attempted in 6 of these cases, but without success. Prior to the onset of CyA therapy, CP treatment was interrupted, and the dose of prednisone was reduced to 0.4 mg/kg/48 h. CyA was applied in the initial dose of 5 mg/kg/bw/24h, and then adjusted so that CyA blood level was 80-120 ng/ml. Although CyA treatment caused proteinuric decrease in most of the patients (from 12.1 g/24 h to 8.2 g/24 h), complete NS remission was achieved in only one patient, the same as the incomplete one. The female patient with a positive response to CyA treatment behaved as "CyA-dependent" and each discontinuation of CyA therapy soon led to recurrent NS. Insignificant CyA effect on NS or renal function was registered in 4 patients, and the therapy was interrupted in two cases due to renal function impairment. Apart from nephrotoxicity, other CyA side effects were absent.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Treatment of retinal detachment with a giant rupture].

Results of surgical treatment in 29 cases of retinal detachment caused by giant tear have been reviewed. Two patients have been operated on by scleral buckling procedure, whereas in 27 cases vitreoretinal surgery in combination with silicone oil tamponade has been performed. Anatomic success was achieved in 20 of 29 eyes. After a follow-up period of 6 to 36 months 20 eyes (69%) had visual acuity equal to or better than 0.3. Silicone oil has been successfully evacuated out of 14 eyes with retina remaining attached.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1993

201Tl reinjection and late redistribution in the detection of viable myocardium.

Nonreversible (NRD) myocardial perfusion defects following stress-rest (S/R) 201Tl studies may often be found in ischemic areas. 201Tl reinjection immediately following S/R scintigraphy and 24h (late) redistribution has been shown to identify late reversible defects (LRD) indicative of viable myocardium. Twenty two patients with CAD were studied. All subjects underwent S/R 201Tl (37MBq) 24h later (1 group). Six out of 22 patients had late scintigraphy without new doses of 201Tl. Ischemia was considered present when the poststress count density was less for more than 25% than the resting count density. Out of 29 NRDs. 15 segments exhibited late reversibility following 201Tl reinjection reflecting viability (II group). One out of 8 NRDs demonstrated late reversibility following late redistribution imaging (II group). Thus, 201Tl reinjection following S/R imaging appeared to be more effective in maximizing the detection of viable myocardium than late redistribution. It is equally useful in patients with NRD following S/R scintigraphy and no history of prior myocardial infarction (MI) or those who had MI.

Coronary Circulation↗

PubMed1993

Measuring of cardiolipin antibodies and plasma lipids in different stages of coronary disease.

The study shows that antibodies to cardiolipin which are commonly found in young postinfarction cases may present a high risk for recurrent coronary manifestations. IgG and IgM antibodies to cardiolipin (C1Ab) were determined in 50 healthy individuals and 72 patients with coronary disease: 26 with acute infarction (A) and 24 with chronic infarction (C) as well as 22 with angina pectoris (AP). Lipid status parameters as risk factors were measured in all patients: total cholesterol, LDL, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apolipoprotein (a). Out of 72 patients suffering from coronary disease 20 (27.7%) had elevated C1Ab IgG (12.36 +/- 3.7 GPLU/ml). Rise of C1Ab IgM was not evidenced in any of the patients. C1Ab IgG were significantly elevated (p < 0.01) in patients with chronic myocardial infarction and angina pectoris (p < 0.05) while in cases of acute myocardial infarction significant elevation of these antibodies was not evidenced.

Angina Pectoris↗

PubMed1993

Targeting of non-small cell lung cancer using HMFG1-99mTc monoclonal antibodies.

Anti HMFG1 monoclonal antibodies labeled with 99mTc were used for the detection of non-small cell lung cancers and their metastases in 18 patients (12 squamous cell cancers, 2 large cell lung cancers, 1 adenocarcinoma and 3 undifferentiated non-small cell lung cancer). According to performed therapy all patients were divided into three groups: group 1 consisted of 13 patients who had not received chemotherapy or radiotherapy before immunoscintigraphy (IS), group 2 included 3 patients who had undergone IS during external beam radiotherapy, and group 3 (two patients) who had received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy before IS. After antibody administration planar scintigraphy of the head and neck, chest in anterior and posterior projection, anterior abdomen, pelvis, thighs and calves was obtained at 10 minutes, 5 hours and 24 hours. The scans were interpreted semi-quantitatively using T/NT ratio. In the first group IS was found true positive in 5/13 patients (38%), and T/NT ratio ranged from 1.3-1.5. In the second group all three patients were true positive and T/NT ratio ranged from 1.76 to 2.1. In the third group both patients were found false negative. Successful metastases detection was found in 4/13 patients (30%).

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1993

Application of 99mTc-DTPA aerosol in evaluation of pulmonary epithelial permeability.

Measuring of the rate of radioactivity decrease of inhaled 99mTc-DTPA aerosol may detect disorders of alveocapillary membrane integrity. The study included 21 patients (11 non-smokers and 10 smokers) suffering from different pulmonary diseases (pulmonary embolism - PE; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD; pneumonia - PN; occupational diseases - OD) in order to detect disorders of pulmonary epithelial permeability (PEP) and 2 healthy individuals (non-smokers) with normal findings (NF). DTPA was labelled using the standard procedure with 1480 MBq 99mTc in 1 ml of physiologic saline. Patients with nasal obstruction inhaled aerosol for 2.5 min. particle size 0.8 micron produced in a nebulizer connected to O2. After that gamma scintillation camera and computer were used for data acquiring in dynamic mode. After that ventilation and perfusion scintigraphy of the lungs was performed in four standard projections. Data processing was conducted with ROI drawing after both lungs on the added image. Clearance value was expressed in T1/2 (min), while the curves had monoexponential shape in all patients. In the non-smoking group mean clearance value for both lungs in patients suffering from PE, COPD and PN did not differ from NF. Clearance in the part of the lungs affected with disease (pneumonia, embolism) was faster than in healthy pulmonary tissue. In sick smokers, however, mean pulmonary clearance value was higher than in non-smokers, irrespective of the type of disease. Pulmonary clearance in individuals suffering from occupational diseases was also accelerated, irrespective of the fact whether the patients smoked or not.

Aerosols↗

PubMed1992

[Treatment of retinal detachment using pneumatic retinopexy].

A series of 46 eyes with idiopathic rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, treated by pneumatic retinopexy has been reviewed. Of 46 eyes 8 were aphakic and 3 pseudophakic. In 4 eyes proliferative vitreoretinopathy was preoperatively present. Anatomic success was achieved in 59% of cases after follow-up of 6-26 months. With additional operations (conventional and/or vitrectomy) anatomical success rate was increased to 98%.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Surgical treatment of perforating eye injuries due to intraocular foreign bodies].

Twenty-three consecutive cases of perforating ocular injuries with retained intraocular foreign body (IOFB) are examined in this retrospective study. The group most affected was that of males with mean age of 32 years, who sustained a job injury, presenting with a single corneal laceration. Of the 23 cases with injuries 22 (95%) were due to metallic foreign bodies. Of these, 12 (54%) involved foreign bodies of ferromagnetic origin. At surgery 14 (61%) of the 23 IOFB were removed with forceps and 9 (39%) with electromagnet. From these patients 87% obtained visual acuity equal or better than that on admission.

Accidents, Occupational↗

PubMed1991

Serum and CSF immunological findings in ALS.

Serum and CSF immunological findings were analysed in 37 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS patients had significantly higher mean values of serum IgG and complement component C4 and significantly lower mean value of total haemolytic titre of complement (THC) compared with normal controls. Incidence of immune complexes (ICs) was significantly higher in sera of ALS patients than in normal controls. There was no significant difference regarding mean serum levels of IgM, IgA, and complement components C3 and Factor B between patients and controls. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage was found in 46% of patients. Intrathecal IgG synthesis was detected in six patients (16%). These results support the hypothesis of immune system involvement in ALS.

Adult↗

PubMed1988