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S Petkov

Publications and source records attributed to S Petkov.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Diagnosis and treatment of traumatic intracranial hematomas and hydromas according to the hospital type.

The capability to diagnose and treat is essentially a combination of the professional qualification of the medical specialists and the degree of availability of all necessary instrumentation specific for the respective disorders in the medical institution. 610 patient treated in the Neurosurgery Department of the Plovdiv University of Medicine between 1975 and 1990 were entered into this study. Three periods of the Department's diagnostic capabilities are differentiated within this interval. They are used as an analogue model for the assessment of diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of the different types of hospitals. The patients are categorized as survivors and dead, diagnosed and nondiagnosed in the three periods. It is concluded that all methods available should be used in diagnosing traumatic intracranial hematomas. Their condition permitting patients should always be transported to a neurosurgery clinic where an optimal environment is provided for diagnostics and treatment. Employment of a portable echoencephalograph can additionally augment the diagnostic capabilities of the consultant neurosurgeon in small health-care units especially in cases in which transportation of the patient to a neurosurgery clinic is contraindicated.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1994

A case of delayed subdural hematoma.

Over the recent years, a number of authors have assumed that traumatic intracranial hematomas reach their maximum size within minutes after the trauma. However, there are reports in the literature of proven traumatic intracranial hematoma of delayed onset after a negative computer tomographic or arteriographic study of the brain. We present a case of a 70-year-old patient admitted to the Clinic after a road accident. On admission the patient was disoriented in regard to time but his neurological status was otherwise normal. On the second day after admission the patient's condition deteriorated and he became comatose with moderate left hemiparesis. An emergency left carotid angiography was performed which was negative for a hematoma. Three days later the patient died. Postmortem examination disclosed a subdural hematoma in the left parietotemporal region with a volume of about 100 ml, as well as encephalomalacia and brain edema.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

The trauma-surgery interval--implications for the outcome of traumatic intracranial hematomas.

The time that elapses between trauma and the beginning of surgical treatment is the interval during which traumatic intracranial hematomas are clinically manifested and diagnosed and the patients are prepared for surgical treatment. This trauma-surgery interval is divided into two periods: a diagnostic period and a period of preparation for surgery. A total of 610 patients treated in the Neurosurgery Department of the Plovdiv University of Medicine between 1975 and 1990 were retrospectively studied. They are allocated into groups of patients who survived or died during the trauma-surgery interval and patients treated during the consecutive stages of diagnostic capabilities of the Department: 1975-1979, 1980-1981, and 1982-1990. The study suggests that utilization of all methods of making a diagnose results in early identification of the hematoma and shortening of the diagnostic period of the trauma-surgery interval. This enables surgeons to operate on patients with acute hematomas at the earliest possible time after the trauma, achieving better therapeutic results. In patients with chronic hematomas the shorter diagnostic period makes it possible to devote the relatively expanded part of the trauma-surgery interval for preoperative preparation during which some concomitant disorders can be treated. Thus the risks from general anesthesia and the operative interventions are reduced.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1994

A case of interhemispheric subdural hematoma.

The interhemispheric subdural hematoma is a rare condition. We present a case of interhemispheric subdural hematoma in a patient aged 65 years. A day prior to admission he was struck with a water-pipe on the head. He went to sleep the same evening complaining of a slight headache. At about two o'clock in the morning the headache increased in intensity. By the morning he lost consciousness. On examination by a neurosurgeon the patient was found to be comatose. The physical examination revealed blue eyelids of the left eye, paraplegia of the right leg, paresis of the left leg and arms. Bilateral Babinski's reflex was present, the abdominal reflexes were absent, the tendon and periosteal reflexes were hyperactive. The pupils were equal in size and slowly reactive to light. The patient exhibited symptoms of meningoradicular irritation. An emergency CT scan revealed high-density area in the interhemispheric sulcus extending frontally to parietally. The patients was operated on in an emergency. At operation, extensive rupture of the sagittal sinus was identified. Later the patient died. The presented case was interesting with the extensive rupture of the sagittal sinus and the relatively long lucid interval until clear manifestation of the clinical picture becomes evident.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Characterization of human aortic collagen's elasticity by nuclear magnetic resonance.

The elasticity of the human aortic wall in longitudinal uniaxial elongation at high strain, known to be determined mostly from tissular collagen's behaviour, is studied and compared to the second moment of the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) solid state line-shape, a proton nuclear magnetic resonance (at 60 MHz) characteristic for the molecular motion and the rigidity of the collagen macromolecular backbone. The 1H NMR signal of collagen is identified after selective histologically controlled chemical lysis. The computed second moment of the line-shape shows statistically significant correlation with the slope of the strain-stress curve of the aorta at high strain, thus proving the relationship between a macroscopic tissular elasticity parameter and a macromolecular rigidity characteristic of collagen, a major tissular component. In vivo extension of this technique (e.g., MRI) would allow us to gain information on the biomechanical state of the aorta, a naturally highly stressed and strained tissue.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Meningioma accompanied by a subdural hematoma. A case report. Review of 17 cases in the literature.

Hemorrhage occurs extremely rare in meningioma. We have found only 17 cases of meningioma associated with subdural hematoma in the reviewed literature. We report a similar case of a 26-year-old woman who complained initially of paralysis of her left arm evolving into loss of consciousness accompanied by a spasm of the extremities and foam in the mouth. In the days immediately preceding admission into hospital she complained of headache, unsteadiness in walking and vomiting. On admission she was bradypsychic, time-disoriented and drowsy. Latent left-sided hemiparesis was established. A right carotid angiography gave indication of a subdural hematoma. The patient was operated on in an emergency. After evacuation of the hematoma a smooth tumour was found embedded in the brain with a cyst in it. The tumour was the size of an egg, soft and elastic. There were several bleeding vessels underneath. During operation the tumour was not in contact with dura mater. The histologic diagnosis was fibroblastic meningioma. After treatment the patient was discharged in good condition with slight hemiparesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Proton magnetic resonance relaxation times and biomechanical properties of human vascular wall. In vitro study at 4 MHz.

OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE: Previous studies have suggested a relationship between tissue magnetic resonance (MR) relaxation times and its biomechanical behavior. To further investigate this relationship, the authors studied 41 human vascular wall samples from different anatomic localizations, including systemic and pulmonary arterial, as well as venous tissues. METHODS: The authors measured water content, proton MR T1 and T2 relaxation times, and two viscoelastic parameters of the samples at 4 MHz. RESULTS: T2, water content, and both viscoelastic variables significantly differed among the five anatomic localizations (P less than .05). Both T1 and T2 were significantly (P less than .05) and linearly related to viscoelastic parameters. Multiple linear regression showed that both viscoelastic parameters of a sample can be predicted from the measured values of T1 and T2. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide a basis for characterizing the mechanical stress of a tissue by knowing its MR relaxation times.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR detection of quantitative and structural changes in human aortic aneurysms.

Collagen is a major component of the extracellular matrix and a determinant of the elastic behavior of the human aorta. To investigate the changes found in aneurysmal degeneration, the authors studied the solid-state hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance line shape of collagen in aneurysms and normal human aortas. A three-component decomposition of the free induction decay was performed, with collagen characterized by a T2 of about 18 microseconds. The second moment of the collagen line shape was found to be increased in aneurysms (5.3 vs 4.8 G2), while, correspondingly, the T2 of collagen was lower in aneurysms (16.3 vs 17.7 microseconds). This corresponds to a modification of collagen structure and molecular motion. Collagen concentration was lower in nondiseased aortic walls (9.4% vs 7.3%). These results are discussed in reference to the contradictory conclusions in the current literature. The increase in collagen and the modification of its structure and molecular motion are explained by the need to resist an increasing tangential tension due to increased aortic diameter and diminished wall thickness in aneurysms and by intercalation or site binding in the helices or electric dipolar interactions in the less mobile side groups.

Aorta, Abdominal↗