PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Poiraudeau

Publications and source records attributed to S Poiraudeau.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

3-D scapular kinematics during arm elevation: effect of motion velocity.

BACKGROUND: No three-dimensional (3-D) data exist on the influence of motion velocity on scapular kinematics. The effect of arm elevation velocity has been studied only in a two-dimensional setting. METHODS: Thirty healthy subjects performed dominant (right) arm elevation in two planes, sagittal and frontal, and at slow and fast self-selected arm speed. Scapular orientation and humeral elevation were measured at 30 Hz recording frequency with use of a 6-degree-of-freedom electromagnetic system (Polhemus Fastraka). Motion was computed according to the International Society of Biomechanics standards. Scapular orientation was also determined with the arm held in different static positions. FINDINGS: We obtained a full 3-D kinematic description of scapula achieving a reliable, complex 3-D motion during humeral elevation and lowering. The maximal sagittal arm elevation showed a characteristic "M"-shape pattern of protraction/retraction curve. Scapular rotations did not differ significantly between slow and fast movements. Moreover, protraction/retraction and tilt angular values did not differ significantly between static and dynamic tasks. However, scapular lateral rotation values differed between static and dynamic measurements during sagittal and frontal arm elevation. Lateral scapular rotation appears to be less in static than in dynamic measurement, particularly in the sagittal plane. INTERPRETATION: Interpolation of statically recorded positions of the bones cannot reflect the kinematics of the scapula.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Fear-avoidance beliefs about back pain in patients with subacute low back pain.

The fear-avoidance beliefs of patients with subacute low back pain (LBP) considered at risk for chronic disabling LBP are not well known. The objectives of this cross-sectional descriptive survey, conducted in secondary care practice, were to assess fear-avoidance beliefs about back pain in patients with subacute LBP and to seek an association between physician or patient characteristics and level of fear-avoidance beliefs. A total of 286 rheumatologists completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing physicians' demographic, professional data, personal history of back pain, and back pain fear-avoidance beliefs (on the Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire [FABQ]) and 443 patients with sLBP completed one on pain, perceived handicap and disability (Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety Depression questionnaire), and back pain beliefs (FABQ). Mean FABQ scores for rheumatologists for physical activities (FABQ Phys) and occupational activities (FABQ Work) were 9.2+/-4.4 (range 0-21) and 16.7+/-6.9 (range 2-37), respectively, and patient scores were 16.7+/-5.2 and 19.3+/-12.4, respectively. A total of 68% of patients and 10% of physicians had a high rating on the FABQ Phys (>14). Patients' fear-avoidance beliefs about physical activity were associated with low level of education (odds ratio [OR] 4.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.83-9.57), patients' perceived disability (OR 1.05; CI 1.03-1.07), and physicians' high FABQ Phys score (OR 5.92; CI 1.31-26.32). Here we show that fear-avoidance beliefs about back pain were high in patients with subacute LBP and their rheumatologists.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2006

[The role of an information booklet or oral information about back pain in reducing disability and fear-avoidance beliefs among patients with subacute and chronic low back pain. A randomized controlled trial in a rehabilitation unit].

OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of an information booklet or oral information about back pain in reducing disability and fear-avoidance beliefs among patients with subacute and chronic low back pain referred to a rehabilitation department. METHODS: An alternate-month design was used for 142 patients with subacute or chronic low back pain who were hospitalized for treatment. Seventy-two patients received written standardized information about back pain (the "back book") and usual physical therapy (intervention group), and 70 received usual physical therapy only along with nonstandardized oral information (control group). The main outcome measure was disability (measured on the Quebec back-pain disability scale), and secondary outcome measures were pain intensity (measured on a visual analog scale), fear-avoidance beliefs (measured on the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire [FABQ] Physical component), and knowledge of the relation of back pain to physical activity assessed at baseline, just before discharge from the hospital and 3 months after discharge. Satisfaction related to the information received was assessed on the day of discharge. RESULTS: Receiving the "back book" had a significant impact on disability at 3 months, from 48.40+/-14.55 to 34.57+/-18.42 in the intervention group and from 52.17+/-16.88 to 42.40+/-14.95 in the control group (p=0.03). Receipt of the book also had a significant impact on patients' knowledge and satisfaction about information but a nonsignificant effect on fear-avoidance beliefs. CONCLUSIONS: Providing an information booklet about back pain to patients with subacute and chronic low back pain referred to a rehabilitation unit contributes to reduced disability in these patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Psychobehavioural assessment for chronic low back pain].

INTRODUCTION: Psychobehavioural assessment may be a complementary approach to assess response to treatment for pain and disability in patients with low back pain. OBJECTIVES: To assess the correlation between psychobehavioural factors and pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain in France. METHODS: We asked 83 patients with chronic low back pain to complete questionnaires during a primary care consultation by a general practitioner. Pain was measured by a visual analog scale (VAS), disability by the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale and psychobehavioural factors by the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the Coping Strategy Questionnaire (CSQ). RESULTS: Pain was poorly correlated with anxiety (R = 0.36) and scores on the FABQ 1 (R = 0.46) and FABQ 2 (R = 0.30) and not correlated with depression (R = 0.22), duration of pain evolution (R = 0,10) and body mass index (R = 0.12). The duration of stopping work was poorly correlated with disability (R = 0.35) and FABQ 1 score (R = 0.43) and not correlated with pain (R = 0.11), anxiety (R = 0.11), depression (R = 0.26) and FABQ 2 score (R = 0.23). Disability was poorly correlated with scores on the FABQ 1 (R = 0.45) and FABQ 2 (R = 0.3), anxiety (R = 0.39) and depression (R = 0.47) and not correlated with pain (R = 0.25). Dramatization is the only way to cope with pain and was correlated with pain (R = 0.34), scores on the FABQ 1 (R = 0.47) and FABQ 2 (R = 0.43), disability (R = 0.38), anxiety (R = 0.44) and depression (R = 0.46). The use of prayer was poorly correlated with FABQ 1 score (R = 0.37) and anxiety (R = 0.30). Distraction was poorly correlated with scores on the FABQ 1 (R = 0.40) and FABQ 2 (R = 0.30). No strategy was correlated with duration of pain and stopping work. DISCUSSION-CONCLUSION: All the correlation assessments with psychobehaviour factors are weak. So evaluating each of these parameters will be interesting. Duration of pain was not correlated with increasing pain or change in behavioural strategy. Psychobehavioural factors are more invalidating than pain. More study is needed to assess psychobehavioural therapies in patients with low back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Superoxide production and NADPH oxidase expression in human rheumatoid synovial cells: regulation by interleukin-1beta and tumour necrosis factor-alpha.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the rheumatoid synovial cell capacity to produce superoxide anion in response to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and to study the NADPH oxidase involvement in this production. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Synovial cells obtained from 7 rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 5 osteoarthritic (OA) patients, and dermal fibroblasts, were stimulated (i) with IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, or (ii) with specific oxidase activators and inhibitors, before studying superoxide production; we also studied NADPH oxidase mRNAs and protein expression, and p47-phox phosphorylation. RESULTS: Constitutive superoxide production by RA cells was increased in comparison to OA cells and dermal fibroblasts, and was stimulated by PMA and ionomycin. This production was increased after cytokine treatment of RA synovial cells. Cytokine-induced superoxide production by RA cells was inhibited by iodonium diphenyl or apocynin, suggesting the involvement of NADPH oxidase. RT-PCR and western blot analysis revealed the presence of p47-phox, gp91-phox and Nox4 in RA and OA cells, and in dermal fibroblasts. P47-phox phosphorylation was enhanced after cytokine-treatment in RA and OA cells, suggesting a PKC-mediated up-regulation of NADPH oxidase. CONCLUSIONS: NADPH oxidase is involved in the superoxide release by RA synovial cells, constitutively and after cytokine up-regulation. These cells express two different homologues (gp91-phox and Nox4).

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Outcome of subacute low back pain: influence of patients' and rheumatologists' characteristics.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the outcome of subacute low back pain, to identify the characteristics of patients and physicians which were related to outcome and to evaluate the influence of rheumatologists' beliefs about back pain on their following the guidelines for physical and occupational activity. METHODS DESIGN: a longitudinal descriptive survey. SETTING: a secondary care practice in France. PARTICIPANTS: 266 rheumatologists; 440 patients with subacute low back pain. OUTCOME MEASURES: the main outcome measure was persistence of back pain 3 months after baseline evaluation. A self-administered questionnaire for physicians assessed attitudes and beliefs about back pain [Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ)], and one for patients assessed pain, perceived handicap and disability (Quebec Scale), anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety Depression Questionnaire), and beliefs about back pain (FABQ). RESULTS: Forty per cent of patients had persistent low back pain at 3 months; 5.5% of these had sciatica. A total of 10% of rheumatologists and 68% of patients at baseline had a high FABQ physical score (phys; >14). Determinants of outcomes were work-related back pain [odds ratio (OR) = 3.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-5.17], anxiety (OR = 2.41; 95% CI 1.44-4.09), sex (female OR = 2.03; 95% CI 1.30-3.18) and patients' beliefs about back pain at work (OR = 1.02; 95% CI 1.00-1.05). Physicians with high FABQ physical scores were less likely to follow guidelines on prescribing rest and occupational activity for back pain. CONCLUSION: Back pain commonly persists 3 months later in patients with subacute low back pain. Patients and rheumatologists still have negative beliefs about back pain. Rheumatologists' beliefs influence their following guidelines on physical and occupational activities. National education programmes about low back pain are needed in France.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2005

[The Oswestry index for low back pain translated into Arabic and validated in a Arab population].

OBJECTIVE: To translate into Arabic and validate the Oswestry index for low back pain in an Arab population. BACKGROUND: No functional disability index to assess low back pain written in the Arabic language and validated in an Arab population is available. DESIGN: Arabic translation of the Oswestry index was obtained by the "forward translation/backward translation" method. Adaptations were made after a pilot study involving ten patients aged 18 to 65 years old. Impairment outcome measures (pain as measured on a visual analog scale [VAS], Schober-McRae, index, duration of morning stiffness and number of night awakenings), disability (Quebec index, Waddell index), handicap (as measured on a VAS) and Beck depression scale scores were recorded. Inter-rater reliability was assessed by use of the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland and Altman method. Construct validity was investigated with use of the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (convergent and divergent validity), and factor analysis was performed. Internal consistency was assessed by use of the Cronbach alpha coefficient. RESULTS: Eighty Tunisian patients with low back pain were included in the validation study. Two items were excluded. Inter-rater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.98). Expected divergent and convergent validity results suggested good construct validity. Two main factors were extracted by factor analysis and explained 58.19% of the cumulative variance: the first factor represented discomfort in dynamic activities, the second discomfort in static activities. The Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.76 for factor 1 and 0.70 for factor 2. CONCLUSION: We translated into and adapted the Oswestry index for the Arabic language in a population of Tunisian women? with low back pain. The 8-item version is reliable and valid. Although the scale was validated in a Tunisian population, we expect that it is suitable for other Arab populations, especially North Africans. Further study is needed to confirm such a hypothesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

[Value of intensive rehabilitation in fixed dropped head syndrome].

OBJECTIVES: To point out the diagnostic and etiologic context of neck extensor weakness and to consider orthopedic and rehabilitation treatment of dropped head syndrome. METHODS: We report a case of a 68-year-old hospitalized woman with atypical and serious idiopathic neck extensor weakness who was treated by orthopedic measurements and intensive rehabilitation. RESULTS: Our patient had progressive neck extensor weakness and total inflection of the cervico-cephalic axis over two years. Fixed and permanent contact of the chin and the sternum severely affected her ability to eat, and mandibular and sternal pressure ulcers developed. Cervical spine radiography revealed degenerative lesions. Other clinical and biological parameters were normal. Atypical idiopathic head drop was diagnosed because of painful and fixed head position. Rehabilitation consisted of cervical traction with a halo apparatus during eight weeks and an exercise programme based on cervical proprioception and muscular work. Orthopedic management consisted of cervical collar immobilization after cutaneous cicatrization. After ten weeks of treatment, the patient was able to raise her head and maintain it horizontally. Two years later, clinical results were stable. DISCUSSION: Neck extensor weakness may be the presenting feature of several neuromuscular disorders. Generally, idiopathic dropped head syndrome appears to be the most likely diagnosis in patients with isolated neck extensor involvement. For our patient, clinical findings and cervical computed tomography showed important muscular weakness. However, painful passive extension and progressive stiffness of the neck do not represent the typical clinical course of idiopathic head drop. Neither degenerative lesions of the cervical spine nor other joint diseases can cause head drop. This case may result from the combined effects of idiopathic dropped head syndrome and cervical arthrosis. Orthopedic treatment and intensive rehabilitation had spectacular effects. Clinical management of head drop syndrome should always consist of orthopedic and rehabilitation treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Interest of the criteria of Cochin to select patients with significant relief of low back pain after corticosteroid facet joint injections: a prospective study].

UNLABELLED: The seven Criteria of Cochin (CC), clinical descriptive criteria of low back pain (LBP), have been shown to be able to select patients whose LBP would respond well to facet joint anesthesia. AIM: To determine if these seven criteria set are able to select patients with significant relief of LBP after corticosteroid facet joint injections (CFJI). METHODS: Ninety-one patients with chronic LBP were included in a positive group (PG) or a negative group (NG) according to the number of the positive CC. Patients placed in the PG had five or more of the positive CC and those in the NG had less than five of the positive CC. All of them received CFJI on day 0 (D0). The severity of LBP and leg pain, disability and CFJI effect were evaluated on a self-questionnaire on D0, D2, D8 and D30. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventeen CFJI were performed (mean 2.1 per patient). Compared to the initial values we observed a significant reduction of the LBP at D2, D8 and D30 in both the groups (P < 0.05), a significant augmentation of the leg pain at D30 in the GN (P < 0.05) and a significant improvement of the Quebec back pain disability scale (QBDS) at D8 and D30 in the PG (P <0.05). Compared to the NG values, the PG had a significant higher global estimation of the efficacy of the treatment (P < 0.05) and a significant lesser intensive LBP (P <0.05) on D2, D8 and D30, a significant lesser intensive leg pain (P < 0.05) on D30, and a tendency to a more important reduction of the QBDS on D8 and D30 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: CC seems to be an effective test to select patients whose LBP would respond well to CFJI.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed2004

[Impact of functional restoration programs on fears, avoidance and beliefs in chronic low back pain patients].

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of functional restoration programs on fears, avoidance and beliefs in chronic low back pain. METHODS: Open prospective study in eight spine centers. Seventy patients enrolled in several restoration programs were evaluated before and at the end of the program. Variables recorded were pain (VAS), disability (Quebec back pain disability scale), handicap (VAS), anxiety and depression (HAD scale), and fears, avoidance and beliefs (FABQ). RESULTS: All variables recorded significantly improved at the end of the programs except for fears about professional activities (FABQ1) and lumbar mobility. Fears about physical activities (FABQ2) significantly decreased after these programs. Variations in FABQ1 and FABQ2 scores were not correlated with variations in scores of outcome measures assessing impairment, disability, and handicap. CONCLUSION: Functional restoration programs in their current form in France do not decrease fears and beliefs about professional activities in chronic low back pain patients. Adding psychosocial intervention at the work place to the functional restoration programs may lead to a better impact on fears about work thus reducing work loss.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Chronicity, recurrence, and return to work in low back pain: common prognostic factors].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the common risk factors of recurrence, chronicity and non return to work in low back pain. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A systematic review of the literature was done by searches of Medline, Embase, Pascal, the Cochrane database and also in the unindexed literature. Keywords used were low back pain, chronic, risk factors, recurrence, predictive value of tests, prognosis, confounding factors. Studies were assessed by two readers using the ANAES (French Agency for Health Assessment) scale allowing classification into high-, moderate- and low-quality trials. The scientific evidence level of the identified risk factors depend on the methodological quality of the studies, the number of studies in agreement, the coherence of their results and their clinical relevance. RESULTS: Fifty-four high quality studies were included. Several prognostic factors are common to the three described clinical situations. A history of low back pain (including the concept of pain severity, duration, disability, leg pain, related sickness leave and a history of spinal surgery), low level of job satisfaction and poor general health are highlighted with a strong level of evidence. Socioprofessionel and psychological factors including employment status, amount of wage, workers' compensation, and depression were found but with moderate level of evidence. Physical factors including lifting time per day and work postures were also found with moderate level of evidence. CONCLUSION: This study confirm that several prognostic factors are commun to recurrence, chronicity and non return to work in low back pain. Early identification of these factors is important in understanding, and hopefully preventing, the recurrence or the progression to chronicity and disability in low back trouble.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed2004

[Translation and construct validity of the Lequesne index for Arab speaking North African patients with osteoarthritis of the knee].

OBJECTIVE: To translate in Arabic and validate the Lequesne index for use in Tunisian. BACKGROUND: No instrument wording in Arabic language and validated in an Arab population to measure lower limb functional disability caused by OA. DESIGN: Arab translation was obtained using the "forward translation/backward translation" method. Adaptations were made after a pilot study. Patients with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis fulfilling the revised criteria of the American College of Rheumatology were included. Impairment outcome measures (VAS pain; knee mobility; Kellgren's radiological score); disability (the maximum distance walked; WOMAC index) and Beck depression scale were recorded. Inter rater reliability was assessed using the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Bland and Altman method. Construct validity was investigated using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (convergent and divergent validities) and a factor analysis was performed. Internal consistency of each factor was assessed by Crohnbach alpha coefficient. RESULTS: One hundred and three patients were included. All questions were acceptable and retained. Inter rater reliability was excellent with ICC = 0.91. The Bland and Altman method showed distribution of differences homogenous and no systematic trend. Expected divergent validity and convergent validity were observed, suggested good construct validity. Two main factors were extracted by factor analysis of the Lequesne, and explained more than 55% of the cumulative variance, the first factor represents disability and the second represents pain and stiffness. Crohnbach alpha coefficient was, respectively, 0.68 for factor 1 and 0.54 for factor 2. In conclusion, we translated and adapted the Lequesne index into Arabic to suit Tunisian people. Translated questionnaire is reliable and valid. Although the scale was validated in a Tunisian population, we expect that it can suit other Arab populations especially North Africans. Further studies are needed to confirm such hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Rating scores for ACL ligamentoplasty].

INTRODUCTION: Recently, results of surgery for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) have been systematically assessed. Several scales have been developed, but for most rigorous validation is lacking. METHODOLOGY: We reviewed reports of published scales for ACL surgery and compared their psychometric properties. We searched the MedLine and Cochrane databases with the key words anterior cruciate ligament, surgery, and rating score. A scale was reviewed if its reliability, validity, and responsiveness were reported at least once. RESULTS: We reviewed four scales (Lysholm and Tegner, Cincinnati, IKDC, and Koos). Test-retest reliability was good, except for the IKDC. For all scales, construct validity could not been ascertained. Responsiveness was acceptable and of the same magnitude for the Lysholm and Tegner, and Cincinnati scales. CONCLUSION: None of the scales had sufficient psychometric properties and all seemed too complicated for routine use. Validation of a simple scale is needed. Psychometric properties of the last version of the IKDC (IKDC 2000) and the Cincinnati scales should be studied.

Anterior Cruciate Ligament↗
PubMed2004

[Measurement of shoulder disability in the athlete: a systematic review].

OBJECTIVES: To identify all available shoulder disability questionnaires and to examine those that could be used for athlete. METHODS: We systematically reviewed the literature in Medline using the keywords shoulder, function, scale, index, score, questionnaire, disability, quality of life, assessment, and evaluation. We searched for scales used for athletes with the keywords scale name AND (sport OR athlete). Data were completed by using the "Guide des Outils de Mesure et d'Evaluation en Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation" textbook. Analysis took into account the clinimetric quality of the instruments and the number of items specifically related to sports. RESULTS: A total of 37 instruments have been developed to measure disease-, shoulder-specific or upper extremity specific outcome. Older instruments were developed before the advent of modern measurement methods. They usually combined objective and subjective measures. Recent instruments were designed with use of more advanced methods. Most are self-administered questionnaires. Fourteen scales included items assessing sport activity. Four of these scales have been used to assess shoulder disability in athlete. Six scales have been used to assess such disability but do not have specific items related to sports. CONCLUSION: There is no gold standard for assessing shoulder outcome in the general population and no validated outcome instruments specifically for athletes. We suggest the use of ASES, WOSI and WORC scales for evaluating shoulder function in the recreational athletes. The DASH scale should be evaluated in this population. The principal criterion in evaluating shoulder function in the high level athlete is a return to the same level of sport performance. Further studies are required to identify measurement tools for shoulder disability that have a high predictive value for return to sport.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed2004

[Intradiscal injection of acetate of prednisolone in severe low back pain: complications and patients' assessment of effectiveness].

OBJECTIVES: To investigate complications (calcification and/or disc collapse) as seen on radiography and patient-assessed effectiveness after intradiscal injections of acetate of prednisolone (Hydrocortancyl). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of medical records of 67 patients (68 injected discs) given an intradiscal injection of acetate of prednisolone for low back pain with endplate signal changes on magnetic resonance imaging and/or evidence of fast destructive discopathy, as well as records of 85 patients (55 women, mean age 49 +/-9 years) to assess the effectiveness of intradiscal injection: the global appreciation of the patient (excellent, good, mild, none, worse) concerning the result of the intradiscal injection at one, three and six months. Two physicians were blinded during analysis of images. RESULTS: The mean period of follow up for radiographics was 10.25 +/-5.99 months. A total of 44.8% of the patients had control at six months and 38.8% at 12 months or more. No calcification was found, but two discs showed a collapse of 20 and 25% at six and 12 months, respectively, after the injection. For effectiveness of intradiscal injection, 71.8% the patients considered the result good or excellent at one month, 55.3% at three months and 43.5 % at six months. CONCLUSION: The benefit-to-risk ratio of use of acetate of prednisolone intradiscal injection seems good in selected patients with low back pain.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[French translation and cultural adaptation of the "Back Book"].

OBJECTIVES: To develop an information booklet for French speaking low back pain patients, promoting staying active as a single treatment for low back pain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A four-step procedure was used to obtain the information booklet. Selection of a booklet using a literature search and pre-defined criterias. Translation/back-translation technique with a method used for health-related quality of life cross-cultural adaptation method. Content validity assessment by a knowledge questionnaire submitted to 32 low back pain patients hospitalized for treatment and a review by two independent MD. Check accordance of the translated document with original authors and editor guidelines. RESULTS: The use of a standardized translation/back-translation procedure permitted to obtain a translation of the back book suitable for French patients. The significant improvement (P = 10(-6)) in patients' knowledge confirmed the quality of the translation. CONCLUSIONS: Translation and cultural adaptation of an information booklet should allow cross-cultural studies in the field of information for low back pain patients.

Cultural Characteristics↗