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S Poston

Publications and source records attributed to S Poston.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1993

Adherence of Staphylococcus aureus to cultures of human peritoneal mesothelial cells.

Strains of Staphylococcus aureus, isolated from the effluent of patients with peritonitis on CAPD (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis), adhered well to both cultured human mesothelial cells and to fibronectin, but not to laminin or gelatin. Mesothelial cells grown in medium M199 exhibited more surface fibronectin compared to cells grown in MEM-Dval and demonstrated higher levels of S. aureus adherence. Soluble fibronectin concentrations up to 10 micrograms/ml increased the adherence of S. aureus to cultured mesothelial cells. The dose-response curve was consistent with the binding of fibronectin to a saturable receptor of apparent dissociation constant (KD) = 1.7 x 10(-10) M. This corresponds closely to the KD (2 x 10(-10) M) of the staphylococcal fibronectin-binding protein. S. aureus adherence was increased following the preincubation of mesothelial cell monolayers with interleukin-1 and was maximal after 6 h preincubation. Treating mesothelial cells with interferon-gamma for 48-72 h reduced the adherence of S. aureus.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed1989

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, exit-site infection and catheter loss in patients treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).

Over a three-year period, 217 episodes of bacterial peritonitis occurred in 183 patient years. Thirty-seven episodes were due to Staphylococcus aureus and 19 (51%) of these required removal of the catheter to eradicate infection. This compared with catheter loss in 4/63 (6.3%) coagulase negative staphylococci infections (p less than 0.001); 7/67 (9.5%) culture negative peritonitis (p less than 0.001); and 10/30 (33.3%) episodes due to gram-negative organisms (p less than 0.05). Over half (51.3%) the episodes due to S. aureus were associated with exit-site infections, and this rose to 100% (10/10) with recurrent peritonitis (p less than 0.01). A prospective analysis of nasal carriage and exit-site infections due to S. aureus was carried out in 87 patients. Exit-site infections were present in 21 (24%), almost entirely due to different strains as judged by sensitivity patterns and phage typing. Nasal carriage, defined as two positive swabs within the study period, was present in 20 (23%) patients. Fourteen (70%) of these had exit-site infections due to the same strain as that isolated from the nose, whereas no patient grew different strains from either site. Nasal carriage increased the risk of infection sixfold (p less than 0.001).

Catheters, Indwelling↗
PubMed1981

A multiobserver comparison of 99mTcO4 and 123I thyroid imaging.

The thyroids of forty patients were imaged using 2 mCi(74 MBq) 99mTc pertechnetate (99mTcO4) followed within one week by 2 mCi (74 MBq) 123I Iodide. The images obtained were evaluated by eight observers for 6 morphological criteria and assigned to 6 diagnostic categories with a confidence grading on a seven level scale (grade 1 being that for maximum confidence). Images were obtained with 123I for the same counts and the same times as those with 99mTcO4 and compared using an index in which the number of diagnostic categories and the mean confidence grading within each category were taken into account. The mean index obtained for 99mTcO4 images (9.2) was significantly greater (P less than 0.05, thus representing a lower observer confidence and less interobserver diagnostic agreement) than the mean indices for 123I equal count images (5.6) and 123I equal time images (6.8). The diagnoses made on the basis of 123I images were more frequently concordant with the final diagnosis after six months follow up (75% for equal counts and 77% for equal time) than those with 99mTcO4(63%). The radioisotope of iodine most suited to modern nuclear medicine instrumentation and with the most favourable radiation dosimetry is 123I which is recommended for those areas of thyroid imaging where iodine is superior.

Humans↗
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Activities of Daily Living↗