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S R Gortner

Publications and source records attributed to S R Gortner.

69 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

An overview of nursing research in the United States.

In a four-part article, historical perspectives (part I) are reviewed, the development of nursing research in education (part II) is outlined, the contribution of nursing research to practice (part III) is traced, and research resources (part IV) which made the growth possible are described.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Values in the choice of treatment: replication and refinement.

The Gortner Values in the Choice of Treatment Inventory is a set of statements based on the moral principles of autonomy and beneficence/nonmaleficence (Beauchamp & Childress, 1979). The inventory was developed and used with cardiac surgery patients and spouses (Gortner, Hudes, & Zyzanski, 1984) and has been replicated with a new sample of coronary artery bypass surgery or value replacement surgery patients and spouses. Significant patient-spouse correlations were obtained for the Autonomy, rs = .26, p = .03, and Beneficence/Nonmaleficence scales, rs = .38, p = .002. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant main effect for the value preference of Autonomy over Beneficence/Nonmaleficence, p = .001, when the family score (arithmetical mean of patient-spouse score) was used as the unit of analysis. A refinement was done on the combined samples from this and the early trial through a separate factor analysis. The final two-factor solution suggests that a common factor and scoring solution, based on 12 inventory items, fits both family and patient data.

Behavioral Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Appraisal of values in the choice of treatment.

The Gortner Values in the Choice of Treatment Inventory is a set of declarative statements to which respondents can indicate agreement or disagreement in a Likert-type format. The statements are based on the moral principles of Autonomy, Beneficence/Nonmaleficence, and Justice as conceptualized by Beauchamp and Childress (1979). The first trial was reported for 15 families in 1980. The second trial was part of a larger study in June 1981 to April 1982 of 100 families, of whom 70 had a member undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, and 30 had a member under medical treatment for coronary artery disease. Spearman rank order correlations were used to evaluate responses within families and between groups at Time 1 and Time 2. Surgical family correlations for Autonomy were weak, but were moderately strong for Beneficence/Nonmaleficence. A highly significant main-effect finding, using repeated measures ANOVA, was that all patients and spouses showed mean Autonomy scores that were significantly higher than those for Beneficence/Nonmaleficence and Justice. Principal components factor analysis followed by varimax rotation supported two of the three hypothesized constructs. Surgical families emerged as the key reference group for further analysis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Nursing science in transition.

Nursing science, the base of knowledge underlying human behavior and social interaction, under normal and stressful conditions, across the life span, is distinguished from its inquiry (research). Inquiry and, especially, methodology have been afforded greater attention than science. The requirements for increased science are noted: communality, colleagueship, and competition among scientists and continuity and confirmation of scientific activity and evidence.

Ethics, Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A randomized clinical trial of nursing care for recovery from cardiac surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a psychoeducational nursing intervention in patients who receive coronary artery bypass graft and valve repair surgery. DESIGN: A cluster-randomized controlled trial design. SETTING: Two hospitals in the western United States--a large community hospital with an active cardiovascular surgery practice and a health-sciences research center. SUBJECTS: 156 patients between 25 and 75 years of age, 125 (81.1%) men, and 31 (19.9%) women, all with primary care givers. OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-efficacy expectations, activities (behavior performance), quality of life, mood state. INTERVENTION: Supplemental in-hospital education followed by telephone contact from discharge to eighth week after discharge. RESULTS: Patients in the experimental group reported significantly greater self-efficacy expectations for walking and behavior performance for walking, lifting, climbing stairs, general exertion and, where applicable, for working. CONCLUSION: This trial suggests that a low-intensity psychoeducational nursing intervention can promote self-efficacy expectations for walking in recovery and is associated with more self-reported walking and lifting behavior after cardiac surgery.

Activities of Daily Living↗