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Biomedical subjects

S R Schwartz

Publications and source records attributed to S R Schwartz.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Human papillomavirus infection and survival in oral squamous cell cancer: a population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 affects survival in oral squamous cell carcinoma. STUDY DESIGN: Two hundred fifty-four patients diagnosed with primary oral cancer were studied for survival in relation to tumor HPV type 16 status. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess survival and estimate hazard ratios adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS: HPV type 16 DNA was detected in 15.1% of tumors. HPV 16 positive patients had significantly reduced all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] estimates = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.14, 0.83) and disease-specific mortality (HR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.76) compared with HPV 16 negative patients after adjustment for age, stage, treatment, smoking, alcohol, education, and comorbid disease. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of HPV type 16 DNA is independently associated with a favorable prognosis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Although HPV genotyping is currently not widely available, it may provide important prognostic information.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1993

Choroidal nonperfusion in giant cell arteritis.

A 68-year-old man had visual loss secondary to isolated choroidal nonperfusion as a clinical manifestation of giant cell arteritis. Ophthalmoscopy disclosed scattered yellow-white lesions at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium in the posterior pole of the right eye. Intravenous fluorescein angiography demonstrated marked delay in choroidal filling of the macula in the right eye. There was no ophthalmoscopic or angiographic evidence of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy or central retinal artery occlusion. After approximately 72 hours of intravenous corticosteroid therapy, the patient's visual acuity improved and repeat intravenous fluorescein angiography showed normal choroidal circulation. Isolated choroidal ischemia is a potential cause of reversible visual loss in patients with giant cell arteritis.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Assessment of epithelial thickness by ultrasonic imaging.

Moisturizing creams and lotions are an important aspect of preventing pressure ulcers. This study reports the increased thickening of the epithelium on 11 subjects who used a moisturizing cream (treatment) for 20 days. The thickening of the epithelium was measured before use of the moisturizing cream, on day 1, day 8, and day 20 of the treatment, and 12 days after the treatment. The ultrasound measurements were similar before the treatment and 12 days post treatment; the measurements increased for the days of treatment. Current research would lead us to believe that short-term increase in epithelial thickness as produced by a moisturizer is a result of increased water content. Ultrasound imaging may be the new standard for comparing the effects of moisturing products.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

A basic residency curriculum concerning the chronically mentally ill.

In this paper a group of knowledgeable individuals with expertise in psychiatric education present their recommendations for a basic psychiatric residency curriculum concerning the chronically mentally ill. The proposed curriculum consists of knowledge, skill, and attitude educational objectives, as well as clinical experiences, faculty supervision, didactics and seminars, and evaluation mechanisms. Recommendations are also made concerning changes in the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education's Special Requirements for Residency Training in Psychiatry, which would require residency programs to place more emphasis on training to meet the needs of the chronically mentally ill. Obstacles to the implementation of the proposed recommendations are presented and possible solutions are discussed.

Accreditation↗
PubMed1987

Human safety study of body lotion containing Kathon CG.

The safety of Kathon CG biocide as a preservative in leave-on body lotions was assessed by 2 double-blind studies, using similar protocols. A total of 209 healthy male and female subjects aged 18 to 65 years, 100 in California (72 test subjects, 28 controls) and 109 in Florida (88 test subjects, 21 controls) completed the studies which included pre- and post-use phase diagnostic patch testing with Kathon CG 100 ppm active ingredient, and 13 weeks daily applications of either a test lotion containing Kathon CG 15 ppm active ingredient or a control lotion without Kathon CG. No evidence of irritation or sensitization attributable to use of the biocide was found during regular dermatological examinations during the use phase. Post-use phase patch testing produced negative results in all subjects with the exception of 1 control subject in Florida who had positive readings at the 2- and 4-week post-use phase patch testing. Overall, these studies show there is minimal, if any, risk of adverse effects associated with the use of Kathon CG 15 ppm active ingredient in a leave-on application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Case management for the chronic mentally ill: models and dimensions.

Community-based care of the chronic mentally ill requires the integrative efforts that generally fall under the rubric of case management. The authors describe models of case management according to three dimensions: the manager's degree of involvement in direct service, the type of caseload, and the source and extent of the manager's control over services and resources. The last dimension can be affected by such factors as contracts with private service providers and the case manager's rapport with clinical service providers. Various systemic problems, such as insufficient funds and duplication of services, may impede case management. Effective case management depends on adequate resources and clear communication among the components of the system.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1981

The new chronic patient: clinical characteristics of an emerging subgroup.

A subgroup of chronic mentally ill persons who have had little or no state hospitalization and who are difficult to engage in existing systems of community care is emerging in major urban areas. Observations made at a large municipal general hospital indicate the patients are typically young, more likely to be male, and highly transient. They have frequent interactions with emergency psychiatric and crisis units, coupled with intermittent involuntary short-term stays in local inpatient units. They have few skills and virtually no natural support systems. Under stress they show disorders in reality testing, exhibit anger and depression, and are prone to impulsive aggressive and self-destructive behaviors. They are typically unwilling to voluntarily accept continuing care. There is a lack of fit between this group's characteristic style of interaction and existing community-based programs. The costs of this lack of fit, both in staff morale and inappropriate use of expensive services, make the exploration of approaches to these "new chronic patients" a matter of immediate importance.

Adult↗