PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Rabatić

Publications and source records attributed to S Rabatić.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Reference values in immunodiagnosis: the approach using the Senieur protocol].

In an attempt to standardize the normal values for immunological tests it is necessary to establish strict admission criteria. The EURAGE Concerted Action Programme on Ageing of the European Community described the SENIEUR protocol with criteria for immunological studies in man, based on clinical and laboratory information. Our results on humoral and cellular components of immunity in dependence of age, according to SENIEUR protocol admission criteria are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Function of granulocytes in B-chronic lymphatic leukaemia.

To study the function of granulocytes in patients with B-cell chronic lymphatic leukaemia (B-CLL), granulocytes were separated from peripheral blood of 48 patients (mean age: 69 years) and 35 apparently healthy age-matched volunteers. Spontaneous mobility, ingestion, digestion and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of granulocytes were assessed. Decreased spontaneous mobility was found in granulocytes from patients with B-CLL but between the two groups no detectable differences were encountered in the other parameters tested. No alterations of granulocytes functions were found to be correlated with clinical stages of B-CLL. If granulocytes functions were compared in treated (chlorambucil, steroids) and untreated patients, a significant decrease in digestion was found in treated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Polymorphonuclear leucocyte and natural killer cell functions in mature and premature newborns.

In this study the phagocytic and natural killer cell (NK) functions in 17 premature and 30 mature newborns are compared. The ability of polymorphonuclear phagocytes (PMNs) to ingest, digest and lyse (antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, ADCC) opsonized sheep red blood cells and NK activity were tested. Examinations were performed in cord and venous blood within 6 h or 3-4 days after delivery. Results of examinations were compared with normal values for the group of healthy 4- to 15-year-old children. To assess the influence of the newborn's maturity and age on the tested PMNs and NK functions, the following comparisons were made. (1) Cord vs. peripheral venous blood: only ADCC was higher in peripheral than in cord blood. (2) Mature newborn cells obtained either 6 h or 3-4 days after delivery: ingestion and ADCC were lower and NK activity was higher 3-4 days after delivery. (3) Premature vs. mature newborn cells tested 3-4 days after delivery: ingestion and ADCC were higher while NK activity was lower in premature newborns. (4) Premature newborns tested at 3-4 days vs. mature newborns tested within 6 h after birth: ingestion was lower in the prematures while digestion, ADCC and NK activity were similar. (5) Cells from all newborns tested vs. those of healthy older children: results depend on the interval after birth when newborns were tested. Thus, within the first 6 h after delivery, mature newborns had higher ingestion and ADCC capacity but lower digestion and NK activity. Later, 3-4 days after birth, ingestion, ADCC and NK activity were lower in mature newborns. In the prematures at that interval NK activity was lower. (6) There was a positive correlation between gestational age and NK activity of newborns.

Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity↗
PubMed1990

T-lymphocyte subpopulations in children's atopic asthma.

A group of children with atopic asthma (42) and the control group of normal children (30) were examined in order to determine the level of suppressor and helper T lymphocyte subpopulations in each group by using monoclonal antibodies. The asthmatic children were divided into two subgroups: one group received no therapy (30) and the other was treated with specific hyposensitization (12). Suppressor T lymphocytes were significantly lower in the subgroup of non-treated asthmatic children (p less than 0.01) and significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in the subgroup of children treated with immunotherapy. The stimulation index using mitogens was higher in the group of asthmatic children. The results suggest that the reduction and functional damage of suppressor T lymphocytes may have an influence on the pathogenesis of asthma and that immunotherapy may be beneficial in the treatment of atopic asthma in children.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1988

Age-related changes in functions of peripheral blood phagocytes.

Ingestion, digestion and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) of opsonized sheep red blood cells (SRBC), as effector functions of peripheral blood phagocytes, were studied in newborns, children, mature and aged adults. All tested functions changed non-synchronously during the lifetime. The ingestion was maximal in newborns, digestion in children and ADCC in mature adults. The ingestion was minimal in aged, but digestion was minimal both in newborns and aged. Such changes of phagocytes' functions could possibly contribute to differences in immune reactions of the age-groups studied. The study indicates the need for establishing age-adjusted normal values for major granulocyte and monocyte effector functions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Particularity of local immunity in the nasopharynx. Parallel study of surface receptors and cell-mediated immune responses in cells derived from palatine or pharyngeal tonsils and blood.

Immunological functions of the pharyngeal tonsil, palatine tonsils and blood leucocytes of children undergoing tonsillectomy were evaluated by determining T or B lymphocytes, the response to mitogens, and the cell-mediated immunological responses to tuberculin. In all the test systems used similar results were obtained with cells derived from either the palatine or pharyngeal tonsils. The mean percentage of T lymphocytes was significantly higher in the peripheral blood than in tonsils, but the reverse was true of B lymphocytes. The reaction to PHA was lower in tonsillar cell culture than in blood cell culture, but tonsillar cells reacted better to Con A than blood cells. In lymphocyte transformation tests tonsillar cells reacted to specific antigen (tuberculin) and this reaction was significantly higher than that of the parallelly tested blood lymphocytes. Further, in about 50% of the children tested, tuberculin caused migration inhibition of the mixture containing tonsillar cells and guinea pig peritoneal cells. Surprisingly, nearly identical results were obtained if migration inhibition test was performed with tonsillar cells alone. Consequently, poorly migrating tonsillar cells are nevertheless usable for direct migration inhibition testing.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1977

Detection of cellular immunity to tumor-associated antigen(s) in mice by the macrophage spreading inhibition test.

Soluble preparations of antigens from a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma of C57BI mice were prepared by homogenization of tumor tissue and high-speed centrifugation of the homogenate. These preparations were able to sensitize syngeneic mice to tumor-associated antigens (TAA) of the fibrosarcoma, and to provoke a delayed hypersensitivity reaction when injected into the footpad of sensitized mice. Furthermore, the same soluble preparations could inhibit in vitro the spreading of peritoneal macrophages from mice sensitized to TAA. A similar inhibition of macrophage spreading was obtained when peritoneal cells from C57BI mice, bearing transplants of the fibrosarcoma, were incubated with the preparations. We conclude that the macrophage spreading inhibition test, like other in vitro assays, can detect cell-mediated immunity to tumor-associated antigens.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

In vitro suppression of macrophage spreading caused by supernatants of tumour, thymus, and lymph node cells.

Peritoneal macrophages washed out from C3Hf/Bu mice were cultivated in medium 199 supplemented with 35% foetal calf serum. If the pH of the medium was adjusted to 7.2, there were 70% spread macrophages after six hours of incubation at 37 degrees C. We investigated the effect of tumour cells on macrophage spreading. Supernatants from cell cultures of a fibro-sarcoma of C57BL mice and lymphoma of C3Hf/Bu mice were used to determine the number of spread macrophages after 6 hours of culture in these supernatants. Supernatants from cell cultures of the kidney, thymus and lymph nodes of normal C57BL or C3Hf/Bu mice and peritoneal cells of normal C3Hf/Bu mice in medium 199 alone served as control. We observed that supernatants from both allogeneic and syngeneic tumour cell cultures reduced significantly the percentage of spread macrophages in comparison with the percentage of spread macrophages found in the kidney culture supernatants. However, a similar spreading inhibition was caused also by supernatants from the thymus and lymph node cell cultures. In these experiments we confirmed the earlier observations that tumour cells can suppress the activation of macrophages, and we also pointed to the possibility that this effect is not specific only for malignant tissues.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Psychological condition hormone levels in war trauma.

Psychological and hormonal responses to various degrees of war-related traumatic experience were analysed in 91 subjects. Their psychological responses (psychosomatic, personality traits, etc.) were evaluated by the COR-NEX2 test. Based on test results, the subjects were classified into three groups: G1 = normal, G2 = moderate, and G3 = severe response. The distribution of subjects in the three groups was related to the intensity and duration of stress that they had been exposed to. Serum levels of cortisol, prolactin, beta-endorphin, thyroxin and triiodothyronine were analysed in all subjects. The levels of cortisol and prolactin were significantly decreased in subjects expressing a severe psychological response, while the level of prolactin correlated with COR-NEX2 test scores. Although relations to other intervening variables are to be investigated, our results indicated that endocrine changes, following trauma, were not random, but rather related to stress-induced psychological responses, and not to trauma per se.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of methionine-enkephalin on stress-induced parameters.

This study examines the influence of methionine-enkephalin (MENK) on stress-induced oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation; LPO) in mice liver homogenate, plasma corticosterone concentration (CS) and phagocytic activity of mouse splenocytes. The LPO value increased in the mice subjected to restraint stress and had no correlation to stress duration, while MENK had no effect. The CS concentration was enhanced after 6 h of stress and 6 h after injection of a low (2.5 mg/kg bw) dose of MENK. However, MENK and stress are adjunct modulators of LPO and corticosterone in vivo. LPO was additionally elevated when MENK (10 mg/kg bw) proceeded for 2 h after the onset of stress. However, corticosterone concentration seems to be regulated differently by the same dose of MENK depending on the duration of stress i.e. elevated in cases involving short periods of stress (2 h) and decreased in cases involving prolonged periods of stress (6 h). This modulation of LPO and corticosterone by 10 mg/kg bw of MENK and 2 h of restraint stress was paralleled with elevated phagocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immune, endocrine, and psychological responses in civilians displaced by war.

OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to assess the influence of trauma caused by forced expulsion from home in a war-ravaged region on the psychological, hormonal, and immune responses in displaced persons and to analyze the relationships between psychometric, hormonal, and immunologic variables. METHODS: Participants were 20 displaced and 14 control women. Psychosomatic response was evaluated using the COR-NEX2 test. Serum concentrations of cortisol, prolactin, endorphin, thyroxine, and triiodothyronine were measured by radioimmunoassay. Immunophenotyping and lymphocyte proliferation were determined by flow cytometry, and phagocyte functions (i.e., ingestion and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity) against 51Cr-labeled sheep red blood cells were assessed through radioactivity uptake and release, respectively. RESULTS: In comparison with control women, displaced women had higher COR-NEX2 test scores; higher serum cortisol, prolactin, and endorphin levels; an increase in activated phenotype within all three measured cell populations (i.e., B, T, and natural killer cells); as well as an enhanced proportion of proliferating lymphocytes in freshly isolated samples. However, the phytohemagglutinin-stimulated proliferative response, estimated as the stimulation index, was lower in displaced women. A complex pattern of relations between psychological, hormonal, and immune responses was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic psychological stress elicited multiple, predominantly stimulatory influences on immune functions.

Adolescent↗