Biomedical subjects

S Raine

Publications and source records attributed to S Raine.

14 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1998

The process of transforming self in women veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder resulting from sexual abuse.

In recent years increasing attention has been given to the prevalence and impact of military sexual abuse. Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a diagnostic entity originally restricted to those who had experienced wartime trauma, have been observed in women veterans who reported that they were sexually abused during military service. However, little research has been conducted in this area. The purpose of this study was to determine the recovery process in women veterans suffering from PTSD resulting from sexual abuse. Using grounded theory methods, the researchers interviewed 16 women veterans who were in active recovery. Constant comparison data analysis revealed the emerging basic social process of "transforming self." The finding indicate that participants transformed self by progressing through five stages: reacting to triggers; seeking validation; sorting through confusion; becoming intentional; and affirming self. The authors compare these findings to other research on recovery from sexual abuse.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

Head and shoulder posture variations in 160 asymptomatic women and men.

OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively describe the postural alignment of the head and shoulders and the surface curvature of the thoracic spine in comfortable erect standing and to examine the effect of age and gender on head and shoulder alignment. DESIGN: Descriptive survey. SETTING: Gait research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred sixty asymptomatic volunteers aged between 17 and 83 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Five photographic measurements of head and shoulder posture in the coronal and sagittal planes and a photographic measurement of the surface curvature of the thoracic spine in the sagittal plane. RESULTS: Mean values of coronal head tilt, coronal shoulder angle, sagittal head tilt, sagittal C7-tragus angle, and sagittal shoulder-C7 angle were 180.1 degrees, 181 degrees, 172.1 degrees, 131.1 degrees, and 53.7 degrees, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals for the means ranged between 1 degree and 3.8 degrees. For each of the head and shoulder measurements there was no significant gender difference (p = .33 to .99). Of the five measurements, only sagittal C7-tragus angle was significantly correlated with age (r = .44), and none was correlated with surface curvature of the thoracic spine. CONCLUSIONS: Head and shoulder posture was similar between genders. Only one postural description that has been described anecdotally was identified, i.e., that age was related to the position of the head with respect to the trunk in the sagittal plane, although the strength of the association was of questionable clinical significance. In contrast, other longstanding assumptions were not supported, and accordingly, a forward head was not associated with increased thoracic curvature or upper cervical spine extension.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Level of agreement between questionnaire measures of alcohol dependence, alcoholism and problem drinking in a sample presenting at a specialist alcohol treatment service.

Two questionnaire measures of the alcohol dependence syndrome, one of alcoholism, and one of alcohol-related problems were compared in a sample of 101 subjects attending a specialist alcohol treatment unit. There was substantial agreement between the two measures of alcohol dependence, and lesser agreement between any other pairing. The measures of alcohol dependence also showed the strongest correlation with reported weekly alcohol consumption. The findings are compared with previous research, and the suitability of the various questionnaires as case-defining instruments in empirical investigations is discussed.

Adult↗

PubMed1988