Biomedical subjects

S Rodný

Publications and source records attributed to S Rodný.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in children attending schools for the visually handicapped in the Czech Republic.

AIMS: To describe the causes of severe visual impairment and blindness in children in schools for the visually handicapped in the Czech Republic in 1998. METHODS: Pupils attending all 10 primary schools for the visually handicapped were examined. A modified WHO/PBL eye examination record for children with blindness and low vision was used. RESULTS: 229 children (146 males and 83 females) aged 6-15 years were included in the study: 47 children had severe visual impairment (20.5%) (visual acuity in their better eye less than 6/60), and 159 were blind (69.5%) (visual acuity in their better eye less than 3/60). Anatomically, the most affected parts of the eye were the retina (124, 54.2%), optic nerve (35, 15.3%), whole globe (25, 10.9%), lens (20, 8.7%), and uvea (12, 5.2%). Aetiologically (timing of insult leading to visual loss), the major cause of visual impairment was retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (96, 41.9 %), followed by abnormalities of unknown timing of insult (97, 42.4%), and hereditary disease (21, 9.2%). In 90 children (40%), additional disabilities were present: mental disability (36, 16%), physical handicap (16, 7%), and/or a combination of both (19, 8%). It was estimated that 127 children (56%) suffer from visual impairment caused by potentially preventable and/or treatable conditions (for example, ROP, cataract, glaucoma). CONCLUSIONS: Establishing a study group for comprehensive evaluation of causes of visual handicap in children in the Czech Republic, as well as for detailed analysis of present practice of screening for ROP was recommended.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Prescription of special optical aids for visual defects. I].

In 1993-1995 the authors prescribed in the Institute for the Treatment of Ophthalmological Defects and at the Second Ophthalmological Clinic in Prague special optic aids for 795 patients. The patients were divided by age into three groups. In the group under 18 years the main cause of the defect was atrophy of optic nerve, in the group between 18 and 60 years tapetoretinal degeneration and in the group over 60 year senile macular degeneration. Most frequently a magnifying glass was prescribed (36.16%), a prismatic monocular in 31.30%, a hyperocular in 27.46% and telescopic spectacles in 5.08%.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

[Prescription of special optical aids for visual defects. II].

In 1993-1995 the authors prescribed in the Institute for the Treatment of Ophthalmological Defects and the Second Ophthalmological Clinic optic aids for 795 patients with impaired eyesight and evaluated their functional effectiveness. Optic aids for far distance were prescribed to 325 patients. Their mean natural vision (or with common correction) was 4.5/60. With the optic aid the mean vision improved to 6/15-12. Aids for short distance were prescribed to 758 patients. Their mean natural vision or with common correction was J. No 15; with the use of the prescribed aid it improved to J. No 5.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Retinopathy of prematurity over 3 decades].

The authors give an account of 190 premature infants they treated in 1956-1988, suffering from retinopathy of prematurity--ROP, and for prolonged subsequent periods. As the head of the team followed up all the children, there is an integrated view of the problem. The birth weight of the infants was 640 g--1,900 g. From the total number 76.8% infants had a birth weight of 1,500 g or less, 13.7% had a birthweight of 1,000 g or less. Evidence of the increasing rate is provided by the number of patients treated since birth at the department for premature and pathological infants FNM as well as by the number of children admitted from other departments after development of ROP. In 1956-1970, i. e. in 15 years, the authors looked after 34 patients, in 1971-1988, i. e. in 18 years there were 156 children with ROP. In 1956-70 cases of ROP predominated which developed as a result of absolute or relative hypoxia. They were successfully treated by individually adjusted and carefully controlled oxygen therapy (6.9% blind children). In 1971-1975 the possibility to use this therapy declined briskly because after introduction of modern medical technique the number of findings suggesting a hyperoxic insult increased. At that time the results deteriorated greatly (50% blind children). In 1976-1980 the results were favourably influenced by individual dosage of oxygen therapy in all infants, based on regular monitoring of blood gases (10.5% blind children).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗

PubMed1988