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Biomedical subjects

S Rywik

Publications and source records attributed to S Rywik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Dietary habits of the middle-aged Warsaw population in 1984 relative to nutritional guidelines.

The dietary habits of 1265 men and 1309 women aged 35-64 years were assessed by food frequencies and 24-h recall. The consumption of fat was high relative to Recommended Dietary Allowances (mean 137% of RDA in the diet of men and 108% in women). The diet was deficient in carbohydrates (80 and 67% respectively), calcium (81 and 64%), vitamin A (84% for both sexes), vitamin B1 (91 and 74%), and vitamin C (41 and 30%). Energy, protein, dietary fibre, iron and vitamin B2 were at the RDA or exceeded it in the men's diet but were insufficient in the women's diet. Fat accounted for 38.5% (men) and 37.7% (women) of energy, with 15.8% of the energy derived from saturated fatty acids and 4.2% from polyunsaturates. The amount of cholesterol consumed was 641 and 452 mg, respectively. This type of diet may contribute to increased incidence of ischaemic heart disease. Only three meals a day were taken by over 83% of the respondents, with over 5-h intervals between meals which may, in addition, contribute to obesity.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A comparative analysis of the spectrum of blood lipoproteins in random population samples. A Soviet-Polish cooperative lipid project.

Mean values of cholesterol contents in low- and high-density lipoproteins, and the 10% and 90% cut-off points of their distribution were determined in random samples of men aged 35-64 years and resident in three Soviet cities (Kiev, Moscow, Novosibirsk) and two Polish regions (Warsaw, and Tarnobrzeg province). Comparative analysis revealed that, while having identical mean total cholesterol levels, the studied populations differ both in the character of cholesterol distribution in atherogenic and nonatherogenic lipoproteins and in their age dynamics. The lipoprotein spectrum was also compared with data of overall mortality and that from ischaemic heart disease and stroke in the respective areas. The comparison suggested a potential association between the incidence of these diseases and the incidence of individual lipid risk factors in the population. The regional specifics of the blood lipoprotein spectrum must also be considered when developing programmes of atherosclerosis prevention.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Lovastatin in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia].

The results of 12 weeks treatment of primary hyperlipidemias with Lovastatin are presented. This drug belonging to a new generation of hypercholesterolemic drugs inhibits the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol by means of inhibiting the HMG-CoA reductase. The sample consisted of 30 men aged 28-68 years: in 17 of them heterozygotic familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) was diagnosed and in 13--primary non familial hypercholesterolemia (NFH). After 12 weeks of treatment in both groups a significant reduction of total serum cholesterol concentration was observed--(-28%) and--(-32%) as well as LDL-cholesterol concentration (in both groups about -37%) and apo B concentration--(-32%) and -34%. Only in one patients with NFH a significant reduction of VLDL-cholesterol (-29%) and or triglycerides (-15%) concentrations was observed. In this group also a 9% increase of HLD-cholesterol, mainly HDL-2 concentration, was found. Side effects were observed in 6 patients--in 4 of them a minor increase of ALAT, AsPAT or CPK activities (less than 3 times above norm were observed) without any symptoms and with a spontaneous normalization with no need to stop treatment, and in 2 of them abdominal pains not causing drug treatment cessation.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Utilization of risk factors in medical practice for ischemic heart disease evaluation].

The Multivariate risk of developing Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) during period of 6 years was estimated for men aged 40-59 years on the basis of 2 Polish populations. Coefficients of multivariate logistic function (MLF) were calculated using sample of 4831 men with 240 cases of IHD. The significant risk factors were: age, total serum cholesterol level, diastolic blood pressure, number of cigarettes smoked, familial history of IHD. For these five significant factors new MLF coefficients were calculated. Discriminant power and goodness of fit for both functions were analysed and no significant differences found. The reduced MLF was applied to construct a simple questionnaire of IHD risk test.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Regional differences in drug use in relation to the causes].

The purpose of the study was in comparison of drug use in the treatment of coronary disease or hypertension in the random selected representative population sample of Warsaw and Tarnobrzeg province . In the study women and men aged 35 to 64 years were included according to POL-MONICA studies. Among 2646 subjects studied in Warsaw 23% used drugs whereas among 2722 subjects from the Tarnobrzeg province the drug users represented 12.1%. The most frequently used drugs in the treatment of coronary disease were nitrates, curantyl and beta-blockers. The drug use in subjects with coronary disease (DDD/1000 inhabitants/day) was 4.5-fold higher in Warsaw than in the Tarnobrzeg province . The most frequently drug used in treatment of hypertension in Warsaw were beta-blockers and diuretics, whereas in the Tarnobrzeg province among men diuretic and composed drug preparations; women in the last region used frequently composed drug preparations and smooth muscle relaxants. The relationship between the use of particular drug groups and the region was significant in women. The hypotensic drug use in Warsaw was twice as high as in the Tarnobrzeg voivodship despite similar frequency of hypertension in both regions.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term Pol-MONICA-Warsaw project: distribution of lipids in the population and the effect of selected factors on their levels].

The authors present the results of first screening of random sample of population aged 35-64 years of two Warsaw districts (Praga South and Praga North). The screening was performed within framework of the international WHO-MONICA Project in 1984. 1309 men and 1337 women were screened (response rate 72.7% and 74.3%). Standardized mean values of plasma triglycerides concentration were found significantly higher and those of plasma HDL-cholesterol concentration significantly lower in male than in female sample. In men there was also higher the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia, and hypoalphalipoproteinemia. Standardized mean values of plasma total cholesterol concentration and prevalence of hypercholesterolemia did not differ significantly between men and women. The mean values of lipid concentration and prevalence of lipid metabolism disturbances increased with age in men whereas in men such trend was not observed. The influence of selected factors on lipids and lipoproteins plasma concentration was evaluated by means of multivariate regression analysis. Quetelet index, cigarettes smoking and level of education were the most strongly associated with a lipid pattern which increases risk of cardiovascular diseases both in men and women.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Long-term Pol-MONICA-Warsaw project: pattern of blood pressure among the population and the effects of selected factors on the blood pressure level].

Out of 1800 men and 1800 women being the random sample of population of two Warsaw districts aged 35-64 years, 1309 men and 1337 women (response rate 72.7% and 74.3% were screened in 1984 within the framework of the Pol-MONICA Warsaw Project. Standardized mean values of systolic blood pressure did not differ between men and women but the mean values of diastolic blood pressure were higher in men. Mean values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased in both sexes with age, however diastolic blood pressure increased only up to age 45-54 years. Prevalence of hypertension according to WHO criteria was higher in men than in women and in both sexes increased with age. Among subjects with hypertension the mild diastolic hypertension was most frequent. The high percentage of subjects with hypertension at screening was not previously detected (47.4% men and 27.6% women). The fact of hypertension detection was not equal with undertaking therapy because 58.9% men and 46.6% women with detected hypertension were never treated. The effectiveness of therapy (achieving goal) was 24% in men and 27.4% in women. The performed multiple regression analysis indicated that Quetelet index and pulse rate were independently related with systolic blood pressure in both sexes and additionally education level, alcohol consumption and HDL-cholesterol concentration in men and age and family history of hypertension in women. As far as the diastolic blood pressure is concerned the Quetelet index, pulse rate and family history were significantly related in both sexes and additionally in men ethanol consumption and HDL-cholesterol concentration.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Relationship between IHD risk factors and educational level in the Warsaw Pol-MONICA population.

In the paper presented, the relationship was analysed between the educational level and the level of risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in a random sample of the Warsaw population aged 35-64 years. Men with a lower educational level (elementary or basic vocational) were found to have a significantly higher means for systolic blood pressure level, for plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentration, for the numbers of cigarettes smoked daily, and for the probability of IHD development according to the multivariate logistic function of Farchi and Menotti, and also significantly greater prevalences of cigarette smoking, hypertension and overweight. And for men, a negative relationship was noted between educational level and plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration. Women with a lower educational level had a higher mean plasma triglyceride concentration, higher values of systolic and systolic blood pressures, a greater probability of IHD development, and higher prevalences of hypertension, obesity and ischaemic heart disease symptoms. And for women, a negative relationship with educational level was noted for plasma LDL-cholesterol concentration and for the mean value of the overall risk score according to Rose.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparative data on diet and risk factors from five Eastern European communities.

Starting from large differences in rates and trends of mortality between European countries, an ecological type of comparative study was launched between five population samples in so-called Eastern European countries: Krakow, Warsaw, Novosibirsk, Kaunas, and the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The purpose was to look into dietary data as a possible explanation for varying risk factor and mortality data. It was found that high energy and fat consumption but low carbohydrate intake are common in these populations. The sources of energy and fat however vary markedly. An association was found between diet-related cardiovascular risk factors like the mean total cholesterol value and excess energy or fat intake both in males and in females. It was concluded that changes in diet might be the most important prerequisite for a number of lifestyle changes in these communities, and that those diet changes need to be monitored on a regular basis as part of the national health reports.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[12-year trends in cardiovascular disease mortality].

The coefficients and trends of mortality in years 1976-1987, based on data of Central Statistical Office, has been estimated in population of men and women aged 25 to 64 years, inhabitants of the Warsaw city region or the county region of Tarnobrzeg province . The trend of decrease of general mortality due to diseases of circulatory system has been statistically significant one similarly as that of mortality due to other heart diseases or ischaemic heart disease in men (group aged 25-34 or 35-44 years) in the Tarnobrzeg province . The analogously significant trend of mortality due to diseases of circulatory system or ischemic heart diseases in men aged 35-44 years has been stated in the Warsaw inhabitants. In the group of women an increase of general mortality has been noted in the youngest age group in Warsaw. In Warsaw and the Tarnobrzeg province in 1987 deaths due to diseases of circulatory system represented 33.2% and 39.9%, respectively, of total death pool among subjects aged 25 to 64 years. The respective percentages in the group of women were 29.1% and 39.4%.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Myocardial infarction incidence and mortality among urban and rural populations during the 3-year period].

In years 1984-1986 3639 men and 1885 women were registered with suspected myocardial infarction from right-side Warsaw, simultaneously 2371 men and 917 women with the same suspected disease were registered from the Tarnobrzeg province population. The myocardial infarction diagnosis was confirmed in 54% of men and 43% of women from the Warsaw population as well as in 77% of men and 66% of women from Tarnobrzeg province population. In Warsaw the standardized incidence due to myocardial infarction increased during years of study from 466 to 588/100,000 among men and from 178 to 206/100,000 among women. The analogous increase among the Tarnobrzeg province population was 302 to 559/100,000 among men and 64 to 195 among women. Fatality during 28 days from the onset of the disease did not show any relationship with year of study and corresponded yearly among men to 45% and among women to 37% in Warsaw and to 42% among men and 33% among women in the Tarnobrzeg province . High fatality was noted during first 24 hours of hospitalization (Warsaw: 36% among men and 26% among women, Tarnobrzeg: 39% among men and 32% among women). The highest fatality was noted in the youngest of analysed groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Stroke incidence and mortality among urban and rural populations during the 3-year period].

In years 1984-1986 582 men and 338 women have been registered with clinical diagnosis of cerebral stroke. The respective numbers in the Tarnobrzeg province were 340 and 263. Preliminary diagnosis of cerebral stroke was confirmed according to criteria of registration in 82% of men or women from Warsaw and in 81% of men and 84% of women in the Tarnobrzeg province . Standardized incidence due to cerebral stroke was significantly higher in every of analysed years in the Warsaw population both among men and women in compare with that in the Tarnobrzeg province . In both population studied the incidence was significantly higher among men than among women. Standardized fatality during 28 days from the start of sickness was higher in the Tarnobrzeg province population than in the Warsaw population so far as both men and women are concerned. In both populations among men and women the most frequently diagnosis was acute disease of cerebral vessels.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Characteristics of the main risk factors of coronary disease among the population of Warsaw and rural agricultural population of the Tarnobrzeg province].

Basing on results of first screening of the Pol-MONICA Project in 1984 in two centres that is the Tarnobrzeg province and two districts of Polish capital Warsaw (Praga South and Praga North) the level of 11 main coronary disease risk factors was compared in 2469 men and 2729 women. The following 5 risk factors were statistically significant for both men and women: the Durnin index of body fat content, the total cholesterol concentration in the plasma, triglyceride level, numbers of daily meals. The mean level of two factors that is the HDL-cholesterol concentration and the HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol ratio was lower in the Warsaw sample what speaks in favor of concept that the ischemic heart disease threat is greater in that population. Among men the Warsaw population exhibited moreover the significantly higher value of diastolic blood pressure as well as of Quetelet body mass index; age and numbers of cigarettes smoked daily has also been higher in that population. In women from the Tarnobrzeg province ++ the diastolic blood pressure was higher than that in the Warsaw population. The two populations studied showed also highly significant differences so far as the complex of all 11 features is concerned what enabled the qualification of 72.3% of men, and 68.4% of women as belonging to the big city population or to the agricultural-industrial population using the discriminant Fisher function.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of inter-population differences in the levels of selected factors on the differences in arterial blood pressure].

According to the Pol-MONICA program the random selected population samples were studied in inhabitants of Warsaw or the Tarnobrzeg province . After excluding from analysis the subjects treated with the hypotensive++ or hypolipemic drugs the differences between populations studies with regard to range of mean pressure value, except systolic pressure (RRs) in women, appeared significant ones. In populations studied the arterial blood pressure (CTK) was influenced by: age, sex, education, family history with regard to the circulatory system, the alcohol intake, smoking, heart action frequency the Quetelet coefficient value, triglyceride concentration and daily sodium intake. After analysis of inter-population differences in values of above factors the mean RRs values in populations studied did not differed significantly whereas differences in mean values of diastolic pressure (RRr) were highly statistically significant.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels among rural and urban populations in Poland in relation to risk factors of coronary disease].

There are significant differences in plasma total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and blood pressure, prevalence of cigarette smoking, obesity, education level and alcohol consumption found between the rural and industrial populations in Poland. It was found that the differences in plasma lipids and lipoproteins concentration are related to the differences in age, sex, education level, alcohol consumption, obesity, cigarette smoking and blood pressure. Increase of education level was related to increase in plasma concentration of total cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides but it was related to decrease of HDL-cholesterol. After the adjustment to all above factors the differences in total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol between the studied populations appeared insignificant. The differences in HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides remained significant.

Coronary Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of parameters and factors affecting the differences in obesity among urban population of Warsaw and the rural agricultural-industrial population of the Tarnobrzeg province].

Comparison of the parameters of obesity between two populations, urban from Warsaw and agricultural-industrial from Tarnobrzeg province revealed that skinfolds thickness, Quetelet index and body fat index, and per cent of overweight were statistically significantly higher in men from urban population. In the group of women these parameters were also statistically higher in Warsaw population with the exception of triceps skinfold and Quetelet index--differences of no statistical significance. There were also differences in the set of variables which correlate with the parameters of obesity between these two tested populations.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1990

[Regional conditions of the smoking habit-- the POL-MONICA 1984 studies].

The POL-MONICA Project screened in 1984 1309 men and 1337 women aged 35 to 64 years, inhabitants of Warsaw (the Warsaw centre) and 1250 men and 1472 women aged 35 to 64 years, inhabitants of the Tarnobrzeg province (the Cracow centre). In both environments the percentage of smoking men was similar (about 57%). Women from big city environment smoked three times more frequently (33.1%) than in the agricultural areas (10.7%). The smoking intensity was higher in the agricultural areas both among men and women. It has been stated that smoking habit depends on such social or demographic patterns as age, sex, civil state, education, physical activity related to work. Smoking influenced significantly the level of such risk factors as systolic arterial blood pressure, the fat body content in both men and women, and the HDL-cholesterol in women from both environments.

Adult↗