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Biomedical subjects

S S Ali

Publications and source records attributed to S S Ali.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Effect of prolonged administration of insecticide (Cyhalothrin/Karate) on the blood and liver of rabbits.

A sublethal dose of Karate administered to rabbits produced a significant increase in the total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume after 15 days of administration, though no significant change was observed after 30 days. The transaminases (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, GOT; glutamate pyruvate transaminase, GPT) also increased after 15 days of treatment. The GPT activity increased 119% and 60% after 15 and 30 days, respectively. From amongst metabolites, glucose content increased 17% and 185%, while cholesterol decreased 40% and 66%, and bilirubin 84% and 61%, after 15 and 30 days, respectively. The hepatic AkP activity decreased 30%, while the GPT activity increased 44%. Other enzymes such as AcP, GOT and LDH remained unaffected. The concentration of other metabolites, except for FAA which increased 35%, remained unaffected. Histological changes were marked by atrophied hepatic cells and hypertrophied nuclei and nucleoli. A trend towards necrosis of hepatic cells was also observed. All these results indicate that Karate is moderately toxic to mammals.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Cloning of xylanase gene of Streptomyces flavogriseus in Escherichia coli and bacteriophage lambda-induced lysis for the release of cloned enzyme.

The xylanase gene of Streptomyces flavogriseus was cloned in pUC8 plasmid and expressed in Escherichia coli lysogenic for lambda cI857. lambda-Induced lysis of E. coli at 42 degrees C allowed efficient release of cloned enzyme activity in extracellular environment. The xylanase gene was located in the 0.8-kb HindIII fragment and coded for 18,000 Mr xylanase.

Bacteriophage lambda↗
PubMed1991

Light- and electron-microscopic studies on isolated bovine islets of Langerhans.

While several recent studies have focussed on the critical assessment of yield, purity and function of isolated islets, fine-structural investigations of isolated islets have been the subject of only a few studies. After intraductal injection of collagenase solution, the distended bovine pancreata were processed in a continuous digestion-filtration device, after which the purification of the islet suspension was accomplished by density gradient centrifugation. Purified islets were then prepared for light- and transmission electron-microscopic analysis. In semithin sections, no evidence of either connective tissue or exocrine tissue surrounding isolated islets was found. Endocrine cells exhibiting cytoplasmic granules were packed in clusters varying in size. In ultrathin sections, A-cells containing numerous secretory granules were distinctive; their cytoplasm contained conspicuous formations of rough endoplasmatic reticulum and juxtanuclear Golgi complexes. In the B-cells, the Golgi complexes were also prominent; these elements, however, were poor in endoplasmic reticulum and displayed characteristic B-cell granules surrounded by a halo. A few ultrastructurally heterogeneous cells were scattered among the identified cellular elements.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

An improved silver staining technique as an alternative nuclear or combined nuclear nerve-fiber impregnation for comparative light-, secondary and backscattered electron scanning microscopy.

Slices of rat brain were stained by a new silver impregnation technique. This method takes into consideration the pH-dependent differences of silver stain affinity of nerve tissues and can be used alternatively as a stain for nuclei or as a method for combined demonstration of nuclei nerves fibers. The slices were studied at the light microscopical (LM) level and subsequently with a scanning electron microscope, using secondary (SSEM = classical SEM), and backscattered electron detectors (BSEM). This new silver staining technique offers the opportunity of comparative studies with regard to different information acquired with LM, SSEM and BSEM. The described method allows to distinguish between nervous and glial tissue without necessarily damaging the glial tissue surrounding the nerve fibers. Specifically, scanning electron microscopy with backscattered electron detector of in situ preparations provides a higher contrast of stained and unstained tissue and increased depth of focus as compared to secondary electron detectors.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Histological and ultrastructural studies on the ringbands in human extraocular muscles.

Ringbands are a typical finding in the extraocular muscles of individuals of twenty years and older. The number of these structures increases distinctly after the 60th year of life. In optimally fixed muscles the ringbands are separated from the sarcolemma by a space containing the so-called sarcoplasmic masses. These masses were composed of vaculated mitochondria, dilated tubules of the sarcoplasmic system and, in some fibers, of fragments of myofibrils. Structures from which a neoformation of myofibrils as the origin of the ringbands could be concluded (as proposed by Jonecko, 1967), were never observed in this hypolemmal area. In contrast, the formation of the ringbands seems to be correlated to the ultrastructural alterations of the myofilaments and the looser arrangement of the myofibrils which can first be observed in extraocular muscles of 10-year-old patients and increasingly in older patients (Mühlendyck, 1977). These alterations lead to continous and repeated changes in the orientation of the myofibrils during the extension and contraction processes of the muscle fiber. Thus, the myofibrils undergo a constant mechanical stress which they cannot resist indefinetly, leading to disruption of some of the fibrils. The disrupted free end contracts, deviates almost at a right angle from its former course and, while the sarcolemma forms thread-like folds during the contraction of the muscle fiber, it is coiled around the longitudinal undisrupted fibrillar core. This leads to a disfunction of the muscle fiber and aids in explaining the steady decrease of the excursion of the eye after about 30 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Bile acids. XLIX. Allocholic acid, the major bile acid of Uromastix hardwickii.

Tauroallocholate is the major bile salt of the lizard, Uromastix hardwickii. Alkaline hydrolysis of bile from 25 gallbladders provided 1.21 g of acidic material, about 90% of which was allocholic acid. Analyses by gas-liquid chromatography, and mass spectrometry verified the presence of almost 10% of deoxycholic acid and smaller amounts of other 5alpha and 5beta-bile acids.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Bile acids. LI. Formation of 12alpha-hydroxyl derivatives and companions from 5 alpha-sterols by rabbit liver microsomes.

A comparison of the activity of rabbit liver microsomes fortified with 0.1 mM NADPH to promote 12alpha-hydroxylation over 60 minutes with appropriate sterols provided the following relative order of activities: kalpha-cholestane-3alpha, 7alpha-diol, 100; 7alpha-hydroxy-5alpha-cholestane-3one, 76; 7alpha-hydroxycholest-4-en-3-one, 64; 5alpha-cholestane-3-3beta, 7alpha-diol, 26; allochendoexycholate, 22. If the more polar products formation. Investigation by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of the nature of these more polar products derived form 5alpha-cholestane-3alpha, 7alpha-diol showed that a series of tetrols was dormed; i.e., 5alpha-cholestane-3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha, 25-tetrol as the major product and lesser amounts of 5alpha-cholestane-3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha, 24- and 3alpha, 7alpha, 12alpha, 23tetrols. No significant amount of 26-hydroxylated product was formed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Bile acids. XLVII. 12alpha-Hydroxylation of precursors of allo bile acids by rabbit liver microsomes.

Rabbit liver microsomal preparations fortified with 0.1 mM NADPH effectively promote hydroxylation of [3beta-3H]- or [24-14C]allochenodeoxycholic acid or [5alpha,6alpha-3H2]5alpha-cholestane-3alpha,7alpha-diol to their respective 12alpha-hydroxyl derivatives in yields of about 25 or 65% in 60 min. Minor amounts of other products are formed from the diol. The requirements for activity of rabbit liver microsomal 12alpha-hydroxylase resemble those of rat liver microsomes. Of a number of enzyme inhibitors studied only p-chloromercuribenzoate demonstrated a marked ability to inhibit the reaction with either tritiated substrate. There was no difference in the quantity of product produced from the tritiated acid or the 14C-labeled acid. No clear sex difference was found in activity of the enzyme, nor was an appreciable difference noted in activity of the enzyme between mature and immature animals.

Aging↗
PubMed1975

[Eosinophilic leukaemia with chloroacetate-esterase-positive granules in a child (author's transl)].

Eosinophilic leukaemia was diagnosed in a 13-year-old boy with clinical and haematological signs of acute leukaemia. A positive naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase reaction was present in 93% of bone marrow eosinophils. This confirms earlier findings for this sub-group of leukaemia in adultsmcharcot-Leyden's crystals were found in bone marrow, and the eosinophils were further characterized by other cytochemical and electronmicroscopic studies. Only short remission periods were achieved, the patient dying 53 weeks after diagnosis. Attacks of cardiac arrhythmias, thought to be due to adriamycin treatment, were probably related to thrombi in the coronary arteries as a result of disseminated intravascular coagulation. It is thought that eosinophilic leukaemia with a positive naphthol-AS-D-chloroacetate esterase reaction is a variant of acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Immunohistological demonstration of insulin and glucagon in islet tissue of reptiles, amphibians and teleosts using epoxy-embedded material and antiporcine hormone sera.

Islet tissue from 2 reptilian, 5 amphibian and 7 teleost species was fixed in glutaraldehyde, embedded in epoxy-resin, stored for up to 3 years, cut in ultrathin sections and stained with the indirect immunofluorescent technique for insulin and glucagon following removal of the plastic. The antisera were directed against porcine insulin and glucagon, or FITC labeled and directed against the globulin fraction of the producer species. Positive results were obtained in species from all vertebrate classes investigated. Insulin demonstration in teleosts was particularly difficult.

Amphibians↗