Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S S Dhillon.
Fifty lateral radiographs of normal wrists were viewed to determine the palmar cortical angle of the distal radius. The palmar cortical angle is different to its previously described palmar tilt or angulation. The mean value for the palmar cortical angle was 37 degrees (range, 26-50 degrees). This may be clinically important in the design of palmar plates for the distal radius.
The patellar tendon does not easily rupture due to its considerable high tensile strength. Therefore, in normal individuals, ruptures of the patellar tendon are uncommon. We report three episodes of patellar tendon ruptures in two normally fit and healthy brothers; postulating the possibility of inherent weakness. The treatment options for these injuries are discussed.
Acute cor pulmonale is an uncommon manifestation of microscopic pulmonary tumor embolism. We describe the case of an 84-year-old man with a history of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder who had acute cor pulmonale and died within a few hours after the onset of dyspnea. Autopsy showed that the right ventricle was dilated without hypertrophy. Microscopic examination of the lung showed that the small arteries, arterioles, and capillaries were filled with micrometastases of TCC. Microscopic pulmonary tumor embolism has rarely been reported with TCC, and to the best of our knowledge, such a fulminant course has not been previously described in the English language.
A 58-year-old man underwent dual kidney transplantation. He was unable to move his right leg after surgery. This was caused by extensive lumbosacral plexopathy on the side of surgery. Lumbosacral plexopathy after kidney transplantation is uncommon, because the plexus has rich anastomotic blood supply, and ischemic injury is unlikely. However, isolated femoral neuropathy after renal transplantation has been reported, as the distal portion of this nerve is supplied by branches of internal iliac artery only and is more prone to ischemic injury during surgery. Dual-kidney transplantation involves a larger dissection, and the procedure takes 60 to 90 minutes longer than single-kidney transplantation. It involves more vascular reconstruction. This may predispose the lumbosacral plexus to ischemic injury. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of lumbosacral plexopathy after a dual kidney transplantation, and this may be seen more frequently because this procedure is becoming more common.
An 81-year-old woman who presented with middle lobe bronchiectasis and Mycobacterium avium complex infection is described. She had a history of habitual suppression of cough, as in Lady Windermere syndrome. She was thin and had mild kyphoscoliosis but had no history of smoking or connective tissue disease. The middle lobe and lingula are predisposed to chronic inflammation because of their particular anatomic structures. Inability to clear the secretions from the airway due to voluntary cough suppression may predispose to bronchiectasis and M. avium complex infection.
Pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) bacteremia is a serious infection. Pneumococcus has never been implicated as a cause of a central venous catheter-related bacteremia. It has been isolated from the catheter tip only twice before, and in one case caused the infection of an infusion port device. We report case of a 41-year-old woman who developed pneumococcal bacteremia after 6 days of an indwelling central venous catheter. The catheter tip grew > 300 cfu of S pneumoniae by the roll-plate method described by Maki and colleagues. No other focus of infection could be found in this patient. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pneumococcal bacteremia associated with an infected central venous catheter.
Propylthiouracil (PTU) has recently been observed to be associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-positive small vessel vasculitis, resulting in crescentic glomerulonephritis and, infrequently, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH). We describe a case of a 23-year-old pregnant woman who developed a perinuclear ANCA and antimyeloperoxidase-positive small vessel vasculitis manifesting as DAH and crescentic glomerulonephritis after she began taking PTU. An open lung biopsy was consistent with pulmonary capillaritis. She responded to corticosteroid therapy and discontinuation of PTU. DAH can be caused by pulmonary capillaritis, bland hemorrhage, or diffuse alveolar damage. To our knowledge, this represents the first documentation of an underlying pulmonary capillaritis in a case of PTU-induced DAH.
The effect of blending of commercially available full fat and defatted rice brans in India from modern multistage rice mills with parboiling/stabilizing facilities in different food products in comparison to those obtained from laboratory milling of rice is reported. Bread volume and cookie spread decreased but muffin volume increased with the addition of different types of bran to wheat flour, however, the cookie spread factor was not affected by addition of full fat rice bran. The yields of the extrudate were increased by the blending of full fat rice bran but were decreased by the addition of defatted rice bran. Rice brans could be added to different food products to the extent of 5-10%. However, the full fat rice bran could not be used for production of extruded snack food.
A 4 h exposure to a residual film of 15 mg 1-(3-nitrophenyl)-4,4,6-trimethyl-1H,4H-pyrimidine-2-thiol (3NTPT) dissolved in 5 ml acetone significantly inhibited ovarian growth in Dysdercus koenigii. The ovaries of treated females remained small and the trophocytes, the trophic core, the prefollicular tissue and the oogonia completely degenerated. This was followed by degenerative changes in the follicular epithelium, the interfollicular tissue and the developing oocytes. Resorption of the oocytes reduced the vitellarium to an empty tube. The follicular epithelium of the resorbed oocytes protruded into the lumen, while the interfollicular tissue completely degenerated. By day 7 after treatment, the ovaries were completely dystrophic, and this state was not reversible.
Hysteroscopic cannulation of the fallopian tube has become an essential part of the treatment of interstitial fallopian tube obstruction. This report describes the use of a flexible instrument that can be introduced through a rigid hysteroscope for the purpose of hysteroscopic tubal cannulation.
A 64-year-old woman complained of abdominal pain and postmenopausal bleeding. A uterine curettage demonstrated acid fast bacilli and non caseating granulomas, indicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A chest roentgenogram revealed the presence of bilateral upper lobe calcific granulomas. The epidemiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic implications of genital tuberculosis are discussed.
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DNA, RNA, protein and heterochromatin were measured cytophotometrically in developing soybean (Glycine max) seeds. The average 2C DNA content for the soybean genome was 2.64 pg. The amounts of nuclear DNA in embryo axes showed no significant change during embryo development, whereas the DNA content in cotyledon nuclei increased significantly from 3.58 pg to 5.49 pg. The number of endopolyploid nuclei increased from 26% to 48% and the DNA content from 4.45 to 5.49 pg after cessation of cell division. The changes in RNA and protein content during embryo development were in general similar to those in DNA content. This can be interpreted that increased DNA levels in soybean cotyledons generated during embryogeny increase the protein synthesizing capacity. During the first 15 days of germination, the number of endopolyploid nuclei in cotyledons declined from 46% to 4%, and this decline is interpreted as DNA degradation providing a ready source of nucleosides and phosphates during early embryo growth. A later decline, however, between 15 and 20 days after germination, was age related similar to leaf senescence, because the percentage of endopolyploid nuclei remained unchanged while the number of non-viable cells increased. In senescing cotyledons, 73% and 80% of RNA and protein but only 20% of DNA were lost, as compared to dormant cotyledons. The heterochromatin (condensed chromatin) measurements indicated that nuclei of metabolically inactive dormant and senescent cotyledon nuclei contained an average of 33% more heterochromatin than nuclei from the green cotyledons of seedlings.
The effects of sublethal concentrations 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 fractions of 96-h LC50 of aldrin and Swascofix CD-38 on alkaline, acid and glucose-6-phosphatases in the plasma of Clarias batrachus and Cirrhina mrigala were studied. These enzymes increased after exposure of fish to both xenobiotics. The increase was maximal after 20 days exposure to the highest concentrations. The enzyme increase was greatest in the fish exposed to aldrin.
The base composition of peanut (var. NC-17) DNA determined from thermal denaturation profiles showed an average guanine plus cystosine content of 34% which was in close approximation to 36% guanine plus cytosine calculated from the buoyant density. Buoyant density also indicated the absence of satellite DNA. The genome size, 2.0 x 10(9) base pairs, as determined by reassociation kinetics of the single copy DNA was close to the genome size determined by cytophotometry, 2.1 x 10(9) base pairs. Peanut DNA averaging 450 to 600 base pairs long, reassociated in phosphate buffer and fractionated by hydroxylapatite, indicated a DNA genome composition of 36% nonrepetitive or single copy DNA; reassociation in formamide and followed by optical methods indicated the repetitive DNA possesses highly repeated, intermediately repeated and rarely repeated components of DNA with DNA sequences repeated on the average about 38,000, 6,700, and 200 times each. Different criteria of reassociation in formamide revealed further subdivisions of these four separate components of DNA. The DNA of above mentioned NC-17 variety compared to Florigiant variety showed no differences in thermal denaturation profiles, buoyant density, or in genome size.
Nonspecific light loss by the cell-wall-plus-cytoplasm (CWC) can cause a 50% increase in Feulgen absorption units in peanut root-tip nuclei as determined by scanning at 450 nm, whereas this phenomenon is not evident with chicken erythrocytes. A two wavelength scanning method of subtracting nonspecific 450 nm absorption from 550 nm Feulgen absorption values eliminated the nonspecific light loss in CWC, However, the two wavelength scanning method is time consuming and somewhat impractical with a regular scanning microdensitometer such as Vickers M85. Elimination of the problem of nonspecific light loss is suggested by careful determination of background setting with the spot position close to the nucleus in CWC. The accuracy of the CWC background setting method was further tested by comparison with subtraction method. The use of plant nucleis as an internal standard in plant DNA measurements was also evaluated. Significant variation among the replicate slides due to the variation in pine nuclear DNA amounts was observed and plant nuclei generally are not reliable internal standards. Mature chicken erythrocytes are recommended as an internal standard because the cell type and metabolic state is known.