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Biomedical subjects

S S Linden

Publications and source records attributed to S S Linden.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The impact of mammography on breast biopsy.

To determine the efficacy of mammography in the detection of early breast carcinoma at an urban teaching hospital, the results of all breast biopsies performed between 1983 and 1987 that were preceded by mammographic examination were retrospectively reviewed. There were 503 women in this population. Malignancy was detected in 79 cases (15.7%); 21 were in situ and 58 were invasive. Among all nonpalpable malignancies, 53.0 per cent were in situ, while only 2.4 per cent of all palpable malignancies were in situ. An abnormality was found in 374 mammograms (74%), and 73 (19.5%) were malignant. The abnormality most likely to represent a malignancy (44% yield) was spiculated density, followed by clustered microcalcifications (25%), mass (22%), and asymmetric density (14%). Six malignancies were detected by biopsy for clinical indications, despite a negative mammogram (4.7% false- negative rate). The interpretation of mammograms by radiologists carried a 2.4 per cent false-negative rate. The mammographic features of mass, clustered microcalcifications, spiculations or asymmetric density should generally mandate breast biopsy, although the clinical examination should remain an important basis for management decisions. An aggressive approach toward screening mammography and breast biopsy based on mammographic criteria may enhance survival among women with breast carcinoma.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1989

Breast skin calcifications: localization with a stereotactic device.

Calcifications that lie within the skin of the breast may be mistakenly thought to be intraparenchymal on mammograms if they are projected over breast tissue in two views. A simple, reliable technique was developed to determine calcification location. It uses a commercially available stereotactic localization device and has been used successfully in six patients.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1989

Sedimented calcium in benign breast cysts: the full spectrum of mammographic presentations.

We retrospectively reviewed the mammograms of 318 patients that showed sedimented calcifications within benign breast cysts to describe the natural history and full spectrum of the mammographic appearances. Sedimented calcifications are seen in approximately 4% of symptomatic women undergoing mammography. Their recognition is important to avoid unnecessary workup, follow-up, or biopsy. Key to recognition is the difference in their radiographic features on lateral and craniocaudal views. The classic appearance is that of milk of calcium, seen as linear, curvilinear, or teacup-shaped particles on horizontal-beam lateral views and as ill-defined smudges on vertical-beam craniocaudal views. The most common presentation is multiple, bilateral, scattered and occasionally clustered calcifications within microcysts. Other presentations include milk of calcium within microcysts in a unilateral, clustered distribution; milk of calcium within macrocysts; sandlike calcifications (discrete particles rather than smudges on craniocaudal view) within cysts of various sizes; and rarely, milk of calcium within the lipid cysts of either fat necrosis or galactoceles. None of our cases has proved to be malignant. However, adjacent malignancies are a potential pitfall. We encountered eight patients with carcinoma presenting as clustered microcalcifications in a breast also containing typical sedimented calcifications. In each of these cases, the malignant calcifications could be distinguished by their mammographic appearance. The recognition of sedimented calcifications present in about 4% of symptomatic women undergoing mammography is important because these characteristic calcifications are an indication of benignity. Malignant-appearing microcalcifications found in the vicinity of sedimented calcifications can be distinguished and require biopsy.

Adult↗