PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S S Shin

Publications and source records attributed to S S Shin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Effect of administering short-course, standardized regimens in individuals infected with drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.

Presented here are the cases of three siblings with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis who demonstrated increased antituberculous-drug resistance during the periods in which they received standard regimens of directly observed, short-course chemotherapy that were administered before the susceptibility patterns of their Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates had been checked. More specifically, they acquired resistance to drugs they received as part of ineffective standard treatment and retreatment regimens. Development of antituberculous-drug resistance through inadvertent, inadequate therapy appears to be the most likely explanation for the increased resistance seen in these three patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Using treatment failure under effective directly observed short-course chemotherapy programs to identify patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis.

SETTING: Public ambulatory care centers in three districts of northern metropolitan Lima, Peru. OBJECTIVE: To document drug resistance patterns of isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients identified as treatment failures under a model tuberculosis (TB) control program based on directly observed, short-course chemotherapy (DOT-SCC). DESIGN: Case series. RESULTS: In a referred, consecutive sample of 173 patients identified as treatment failures on DOT-SCC, 160 (92.5%) had culture-positive TB. Of those 160, 150 (93.8%) had active, pulmonary multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB, resistance to at least isoniazid [INH] and rifampicin [RIF]). Sixty of the 150 (40.0%) had isolates resistant to at least INH, RIF, ethambutol (EMB) and pyrazinamide (PZA), the initial first-line empiric treatment regimen used locally. Forty-four (29.3%) had isolates resistant to at least INH, RIF, EMB, PZA and streptomycin (SM), the first retreatment regimen. This series of patients had isolates resistant to a mean of 4.5 of the ten drugs tested. The local profile of multidrug resistance is very different from that obtained from national data from Peru. CONCLUSION: In this setting, treatment failure on DOT-SCC is strongly predictive of active MDR-TB. Because of existing local drug resistance patterns in northern Lima, 89.3% of MDR-TB patients identified as treatment failures will receive ineffective therapy with two or fewer secondary TB drugs if they are given the five-drug empiric retreatment regimen endorsed by the World Health Organization. Further short-course chemotherapy for these patients would only serve to amplify ominous existing drug resistance patterns.

Antitubercular Agents↗
PubMed1999

Angiotropic (intravascular) large cell lymphoma of T-cell phenotype presenting as acute appendicitis in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

We describe a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who presented with acute appendicitis but was found to have angiotropic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) by pathologic examination of the appendectomy specimen, without acute inflammation. Very rare cases of angiotropic large cell lymphoma have been reported in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection, and most cases of this rare lymphoma are of B-cell origin, but in this instance immunohistochemical analysis showed a T-cell phenotype.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1999

[Authors of "Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions"].

In this study, the career and official ranks of the authors of the Sejong text (1443-1445), Sejo text (1451-1464), and Seongjong text (1475-1477) of "Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions" were investigated. In the completion of Sejong text, Kim Rye-mong (1406-1469), Ryu Seong-won (?-1456), and Min Bohua (?) collected and arranged all medical books inside and outside of Choseon; Kim Moon (?-1448), Shin Seok-jo (1407-1459), Lee Ye (1419-1480), Kim Soo-on (1410-1481), Jeon soon-eui (?), Choi Yun (?), and Kim Yu-ji (?-1469) took part in the edition; Lee Yong (1418-1453), Lee Sa-cheol (1405-1456), Lee Sa-soon (?-1455), and Rho Joon-g-rye (?-1452) participated in the editorial supervision. Ryang Seong-ji (1415-1482), Son So (1433-1484), Ryu Yo (?), Han Chi-ryang (?), An Geuk-sang (?), Han Kye-mi (1421-1471), and Choi Young-rin (?) took part in the completion of Sejo text. Han Kye-heiu (1423-1482), Rym Won-joon (1423-1500), Kueon Chan (1430-1487), Ryu Seo (?), and Baek Soo-heui(?) participated in the completion of Seongjong text. All 96 persons participated in the completion of draft text, revision text, and first-publication text of "Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions". 14 persons (14.58%) participated in the completion of draft text. 77 persons (80.21%) participated in revision text, and 5 persons (5.21%) participated in first-publication text. Even though "Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions" is a medical book, civil officials participated in its completion together with medical officials. The scholars of Jiphyeonjeon (The Jade Hall of Scholars) who led the academy at those days and famous medical officials were ordered to complete it by Sejong (1419-1450), Sejo (1455-1468), and Seongjong (1470-1494) who showed special interest in their own health and the health of common people.

Books↗
PubMed1999

[Development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine and change of medical policy in China].

"Sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine" came into the world four hundred years ago when Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) contacted Western Medicine (WM) at the beginning of the 17th century. It collected historical experiences showing that the cooperation of TCM and WM is more efficient for the cure and prevention of disease than each of them separately. Now the recognition that the cooperation of eastern and western medicine is more efficient to cure disease is spreading widely. This study will help Korean eastern and western medicine to find their directions. First, the concept of "sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine" which was established between the beginning of the 17th century and the middle of the 20th century, and Integration of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (ITCWM) which was formed after the middle of the 20th century will be discussed. The relationship of "sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine" and ITCWM and political consideration for the establishment of ITCWM will also be discussed. Finally, the current status of ITCWM in China will be discussed. New trends of thought appeared in Chinese medicine, owing to the cultural background of modern China, the development of WM, and the academic background of the intellectual class. "Sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine" and ITCWM are different in historical and social background. However, purpose, foundation of thoughts and logical idea are fundamentally the same. It can be said that "sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine" provided academic mood to open the way for ITCWM and ITCWM is a succession of "sect of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine". The concept of ITCWM has many ways of explanation. However, it can be said to build up the foundation of new medical area including Chinese special way of medical treatment and new methods of modern medicine, succeeding a legacy of TCM. ITCWM began before the establishment of People's Republic of China. Mao Ze-dong (1893-1976), a powerful politician, and Li Ding-ming (1881-1947) who had many experiences and insight for TCM and WM played important roles at this stage. The period from the New China to the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution (1966-1975) is the term for the establishment of the shape of ITCWM. "The effort of research and development on TCM-WM integration" was adapted as one of hygienic policies for curing of epidemic disease and succession and development of the heritage of TCM to establish new medical area. TCM class for western medical doctors was opened and mass media was used to spread out ITCWM throughout China. During the period of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, ITCWM had to be stepped back and stagnant. Only the TCM class of western medical doctors and some clinical applications were barely kept moving on and alive. From the period of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution to the end of the 1980s, there are the movement of re-preparation of ITCWM, education of successors, and the establishment of the Institute of ITCWM. Hospitals began to establish department of ITCWM. Furthermore, it was clearly indicated in the constitutional law that "We not only have to develop modern medicine but also traditional medicine". The equality of TCM and WM was legally established in this time. From the 1990s, "equality of TCM and WM" was adapted as one of the hygienic policies, and department of ITCWM was opened in traditional Chinese medical school and western medical school. ITCWM has been settled down as a new academic field through education, training, research, academic activity, and publishing text books. In conclusion, the motive of the development of ITCWM was the policy such as "the effort of research and development on TCM-WM integration" abd "equality of TCM and WM" aimed at the development of Chinese medical area. It is no doubt helpful to organize systems and policy-making for the cooperation of eastern and western medicine in Korea.

China↗
PubMed1998

Scapholunate ligament reconstruction using a bone-retinaculum-bone autograft: a biomechanic and histologic study.

A new surgical technique has been recently described that involves reconstruction of the dorsal aspect of the scapholunate ligament (DSLL) with a bone-retinaculum-bone (BRB) autograft preparation from Lister's tubercle. In this study, the mechanic and histologic properties of the 2 tissues were compared. The BRB and DSLL specimens were harvested from 6 fresh-frozen human cadaveric forearms. The specimens were measured and then tested in tension with an MTS 810 servohydraulic materials testing machine at a rate of 10 mm/min. The BRB autograft was significantly weaker than the DSLL. However, because the mean cross-sectional area of the DSLL was more than 3 times as large as that of the BRB autograft, the failure stress (failure force/cross-sectional area) of the BRB autograft was not significantly different from that of the DSLL. Histologically, the DSLL and BRB autograft were also similar. These findings suggest that the BRB autograft may be appropriate graft material for scapholunate ligament reconstruction, but that structural parity with DSLL will ultimately depend on remodeling and hypertrophy during healing. This also highlights the importance of using a large BRB autograft to approximate the strength of the DSLL as much as possible, and that the BRB autograft must be protected postoperatively as it heals and remodels.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Lymphoid cell aggregates: a useful clue in the fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of follicular lymphomas.

Among the various types of lymphoma, follicular lymphoma (FL) is known to have significant limitations in cytologic diagnosis by the fine-needle aspiration (FNA) method. The diagnostic accuracy (DA) for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) by FNA was evaluated by review of 82 cases of histologically proved NHL after prior FNA. The DA for all NHLs was 66% (54/82), and that for low-grade lymphomas, including small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular small-cleaved cell lymphoma, and follicular mixed cell lymphoma, was 71% (12/17). The DA for FL was 69% (11/16). Review of individual surgical and cytologic materials from FLs revealed a tendency to show fibrosis in the cytologically false-negative group and diffuse areas of lymphoma in the true-positive group. The presence of "aggregation" of uniform lymphoid cells, probably due to cell adhesions with the support of dendritic reticulum cells, was seen in 55% of true-positive FL (6/11). In contrast, only 28% of true-positive diffuse large cell lymphomas (5/18) showed a mild degree of aggregation, and none of 7 cases of true-positive diffuse small-cleaved cell lymphoma showed this feature. The aggregation of cells was not pathognomonic of FL, but its presence with a homogeneous cellular constituent and the paucity of tingible-body macrophages helped us to predict FL. Also, it was a feature distinguishing FL from diffuse small-cleaved cell lymphoma (P = 0.025).

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1997

Exposure of swine to Trichinella spiralis antigen as determined by consecutive ELISAs and western blot.

Exposure of swine to Trichinella spiralis was evaluated using a combination of 3 consecutive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) based on larval T. spiralis excretory-secretory antigen as screening test and western blot analysis as confirmatory test. Ninety-three of 32,693 domestic swine sera collected in Georgia over a 5-yr period contained antibodies specific to T. spiralis (prevalence of exposure = 0.28%). The highest prevalence (0.52%) of exposure to T. spiralis was in samples from stockyards and salebarns. Prevalence of exposure in samples from cull sows from 1 slaughter house was 0.38% compared with 0.17% in samples obtained from farms. Pepsin-HCl digestion of diaphragms from 49 swine from 6 seropositive farms revealed 0.01 larvae/g in 4 swine from 3 farms. Determination of T. spiralis infection status of farms appears to be accurately determined with this combination of exploratory ELISAs and confirmatory western blot analysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Primary lymphoma of the calcaneus.

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of bone is a rare condition. Presented herein is a case of primary NHL of the calcaneus illustrating many of the classic features of the disease. Emphasized in this report are the nonspecific clinical and conventional radiographic features of primary NHL of bone, which may mimic inflammatory, neuropathic, infectious, or other neoplastic conditions of the extremities. The importance of early cross-sectional radiologic studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, lies in the early characterization of the mass-like features and local extent of such lesions, helping to raise the suspicion of neoplastic disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Synchronous Hodgkin's disease and granulocytic sarcoma with no prior therapy.

We describe a case of simultaneous nodular sclerosing Hodgkin's disease and a granulocytic sarcoma in a cervical lymph node without any previous therapy. The condition evolved into acute myelogenous leukemia approximately 8 months after the initial diagnosis of the granulocytic sarcoma. The unexpected presence of a granulocytic sarcoma made the diagnosis challenging, and appropriate immunohistochemical studies were required for accurate diagnosis. To the best our knowledge, this is the first report of synchronous Hodgkin's disease and granulocytic sarcoma with eventual development of acute myelogenous leukemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma with associated hemophagocytic syndrome and terminal leukemic transformation.

We report a case of subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma that presented as recurrent subcutaneous nodules, pancytopenia, and fever. Histopathologic examination revealed a dense infiltrate of markedly atypical lymphoid cells localized to the panniculus. These cells were identified as T cells by immunohistochemistry. There was associated karyorrhexis and fat necrosis. Hemophagocytosis was present both in the panniculus and in the bone marrow, with no tumor evident outside the subcutaneous tissue. Despite chemotherapy in conjunction with an autologous bone marrow transplant, the patient died after metastases, including explosive leukemic transformation, developed. Review of the literature shows subcutaneous T-cell lymphoma to be a rare peripheral T-cell lymphoma, often mistaken initially as a benign panniculitis, that manifests an aggressive, fulminant presentation in approximately one half of the patients; the remainder transform into a high-grade malignancy after months to years. The hemophagocytic syndrome, though to be a reactive T-cell process mediated by cytokines, is a frequent complication of this lymphoma and is responsible for its poor prognosis. Our patient uniquely demonstrated fatal leukemic transformation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Rosette-forming non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Homer Wright rosettes, typically found in neuroblastomas and consisting of neoplastic cells surrounding an eosinophilic fibrillary centre without a lumen, have been considered as an important finding in the differential diagnosis of small round cell tumours. Rosettes in a neoplasm involving lymph nodes or bone marrow traditionally excluded a diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. In this report, we describe three cases of malignant lymphoma (two small lymphocytic and one diffuse large cell) with pronounced rosette formation. One of the two cases of small lymphocytic lymphoma was observed in the bone marrow, the other small lymphocytic lymphoma and the large cell lymphoma were in lymph nodes. The rosettes consisted of neoplastic lymphoid cells, often with participation of reactive macrophages, and ultrastructurally they had a central mass of interdigitating fibrillary cytoplasmic projections. Two cases were of B-cell lineage and one was of T-cell lineage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of T-cell lymphoma with rosettes. Based on these findings, it is suggested that non-Hodgkin's lymphoma be included in the differential diagnosis of rosette-forming round cell neoplasms.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A survey of canine heartworm infections among German shepherds in South Korea].

A survey of canine heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infections among German shepherds in five areas of South Korea was performed from October 1994 to August 1995 using a microfilarial test (modified Knott's test) and an antigen test (DiroCHEK, Synbiotics, USA). The infection rate of 127 German shepherds (71 males and 56 females) was 10.2% (13/127) by the microfilarial test, but was 28.3% (36/127) by the antigen test, revealing that 24 of the 36 antigen-positive dogs were microfilaria negative in the peripheral blood. All dogs that were microfilaria-positive were also antigen positive. There of the microfilaria negative and antigen positive dogs contained 4.15 adult heartworms in the heart and pulmonary arteries upon necropsy. The infection rate among German shepherds was the highest in Hoengsong-gun (Kangwon-do, 84.4%), while those of Yechon gun (Kyongsangbuk-do) and Chungwon-gun (Chungchongbuk-do) areas were 20.0% and 14.3%, respectively. None of the dogs in the Kimhae-shi (Kyongsangnam-do) and Kwangju areas was heartworm positive. The infection rates of heartworm in dogs at the age of 1-3, 4-6, and 7-11 years were 6.2%, 21.4%, and 56.4%, respectively. Based on the fact that the antigen test is more accurate than the microfilarial test, this study strongly indicates that the prevalence rate of canine heartworm in Korea may be higher than previously reported (3.1 approximately 23.0%) which utilized microfilarial tests.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A case report of Cheyletiella infestation on a Whippet dog in Korea.

A clinical case of Cheyletiella infestation on a dog born and raised in Korea is reported. A three-year old female Whippet was hospitalized due to a multiple fracture and displacement of the left scapula caused by a recent car accident. The mite infestation was not noticed at the time of hospitalization. The dog underwent multiple operations involving internal fixation of the fractured scapula with wire and a plate, followed by extensive chemotherapy with antibiotics and prednisolone. After two months of hospitalization, a pruritic dermatitis near the left scapula developed. Multiple white dandruff-like flakes were seen on the hair coat, especially over the dorsal spine and neck, and the dog expressed increased pruritus by frequently licking and scratching the affected areas. Local dense accumulations of skin debris that became crusty were also observed. Microscopic examination of a skin scraping revealed a heavy infestation of cheyletiella yasguri, as identified by the presence of hoks of the palpi and the heart-shaped sensory organ on genu I. Immunosuppression elicited by the extensive administration of prednisolone was suspected for the initiation of the generalized mite infestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Solitary reticulohistiocytoma in pregnancy: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study of a case with unusual immunophenotype.

A case of a solitary reticulohistiocytoma during pregnancy is reported. The tumor arose on the right thigh of a 31-year-old woman during the 2nd month of gestation. Physical examination 6 months later revealed a 9 x 6 mm yellowish white papule. A biopsy showed a dermal proliferation of spindle to polygonal cells embedded in fibrous tissue with admixed neutrophils, eosinophils, and lymphocytes. Immunohistochemistry was positive for S-100, factor XIIIa, HLA-DR, KP-1, vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase. Ultrastructurally, the cells showed abundant lipid, lysozomes, and endoplasmic reticulum. No Birbeck granules could be identified. The results suggest an aberrant immunophenotype intermediate between indeterminate cells and dermal dendritic cells. The relationship of these lineages to reticulohistiocytoma and other dermal proliferative disorders is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Hematologic effects of stem cell factor (SCF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in vivo: LIF-induced thrombocytosis in SCF-primed mice.

Stem cell factor (SCF) administered as daily bolus injections in dose-response experiments in mice causes a progressive and dramatic dose-dependent panleukocytosis characterized by neutrophilia, eosinophilia, monocytosis, and lymphocytosis. SCF causes circulating platelet numbers to be dose-dependently increased after 2 weeks of daily injections. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) administered as daily bolus injections in mice causes a peripheral leukopenia that is largely due to peripheral lymphopenia. LIF causes thrombocytosis peaking after approximately 1 w. Coinjection of SCF and LIF for 1 to 2 wk in mice does not cause a much greater thrombocytosis than the maximum thrombocytosis achievable with SCF or LIF alone. On the other hand, daily injection of SCF for 5 days followed by daily injection of LIF for 5 to 6 d in mice causes a very substantial increase in platelets that was lineage-specific in terms of not being accompanied by a generalized leukocytosis. In contrast, only a very modest thrombocytosis was noted in SCF-primed LIF-treated rats. LIF causes a large increase in the cytoplasmic volume of splenic megakaryocytes in mice, but not in rats. In conclusion, SCF-induced priming followed by LIF-induced maturation of megakaryocytes causes a substantial selective increase in the numbers of circulating platelets in mice.

Animals↗