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Biomedical subjects

S Söderholm

Publications and source records attributed to S Söderholm.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Augmentative and alternative communication methods in locked-in syndrome.

Locked-in syndrome is a neurological condition due to a brain disease or an injury affecting the brain stem. The symptoms are tetraplegia, double-sided facial paresis, anarthria/dysarthrophonia, dysphagia and reactive involuntary laughing and crying. Vertical eye movements are the only commonly remaining voluntary motor function. Although the linguistic abilities as well as intellectual and emotional functions as a whole remain intact, all the motor abilities of self expression are lost. Seventeen chronic locked-in syndrome patients referred to Käpylä Rehabilitation Centre between 1979-2000 are reported. The multidisciplinary rehabilitation team developed an individual alternative communication method for all patients and trained them to use it by minor movements of e.g. thumb, chin or head. An alternative communication method enabled most of the patients to interact with other people using practical as well as theoretical thinking and decision making.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Attitudes towards criminal and other patients.

Staff attitudes towards mentally abnormal offenders were investigated on a forensic psychiatric assessment ward as reflected in a drug trial. The attitude towards drug trials was negative in 79% of the personnel, in contrast to 71% positive in three Swedish mental hospitals. Of the respondents 75% considered that drug treatment did not benefit the patients. Then the attitudes of 21 general physicians towards assessment and drug treatment of mentally abnormal offenders as well as towards 10 illnesses were measured by self-rating scales employing a 10-cm line technique. Both the assessment and drug treatment of mentally abnormal offenders were the least favoured as compared with somatic illnesses. Other neuropsychiatric disorders ranked with them were also very significantly (P less than 0.001) less favoured than pneumonia. They considered that these attitudes were shared in general by medical and nursing staff

Antisocial Personality Disorder↗
PubMed1979

Effect of caries in mentally handicapped children of addition of fluoride and bicarbonate-phosphate to dietary sugar products.

Mentally handicapped children, aged 5--15 years and living in institutions, received fluoride supplement in several sugar products of their diet; in candies, marmalades, jams, fruit juices and in sweet desserts corresponding to 10 mg F as NaF per kg of the sugar (sucrose or glucose) of each product. To two of the four daily candies was also added a NaHCO3 + KH2PO4 mixture (mole ratio 9.8/l, resp.) to substitute for 2.5% of the sugar of the candy. The control children received the respective products without the additives. After stepwise exclusions of subjects for various reasons, e.g. for the absence of permanent teeth, low initial caries activity, strong medication, Down's syndrome, etc., the mean DMFS-increment in the remaining 43 control subjects was 4.5 and in the 41 test subjects 2.6 lesions/100 surfaces at risk, i.e. 42% reduction. Caries arrestment had occurred in these test subjects after the first year, while in the respective controls it was continuously increasing. Among numerous oral and body parameters studied, only surface enamel fluoride in primary teeth was increased by the fluoride supplements and urinary phosphate and calcium excretion decreased.

Adolescent↗