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Biomedical subjects

S Sabharwal

Publications and source records attributed to S Sabharwal.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Pattern of cancer in Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana (a ten year retrospective study).

A ten year retrospective study was undertaken to ascertain the pattern and incidence of cancer in Ludhiana which is an industrial town with catchment area of Ludhiana consisting of Ludhiana distt., Sangrur, Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Faridkot, Ferozepur, Ropar, Kapurthala, some parts of Himachel Pradesh and Haryana. A total number of 56,565 biopsies were received for histopathological examinaiton in 10 years and 4,730 cases of cancer were diagnosed. The incidence of total malignant tumors was 8.36%. Females out numbered males in the incidence of cancer, with male to female ratio being 1:1.09. Most of the cancers were seen in the age group of 41-50 years. In females the two most common cancer sites were breast (21.07%) and cervix (19.4%) while in males hypopharynx--larynx (13.94%) and prostate (9.65%) were the most common sites of cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Deformity correction and reconstructive procedures using percutaneous techniques.

Corrections of deformities in adults traditionally have been performed with open exposure of the lesions, precise bone cuts, rigid plate fixation, and delayed weightbearing. By obtaining a good preoperative evaluation, and meticulously planning each step of the corrective sequence, good technical results and improved functional capabilities can be attained using percutaneous techniques.

Femoral Fractures↗
PubMed2000

Orthotic and bracing principles in neuromuscular foot and ankle problems.

The gait cycle involves a closely linked interplay among the joints of the lower extremity, notably the complex joints of the foot and ankle. The goals of bracing and orthoses in the management of neuromuscular foot and ankle problems are to prevent further deformity, passively correct deformity, and modulate motor tone. Tone-reducing AFO, in effect, improves the position of the lower extremity and facilitates the pathologic gait. The type of deformity present and its natural history by virtue of the pathologic origin must be considered when embarking on a conservative nonoperative course. Associated issues and thought processes are elaborated in the article. The biomaterials of which the orthotic brace is constructed, the design considerations, and expected goals of an orthosis must be appropriate to accommodate the pathomechanical forces encountered in the face of the cutaneous insensitivity. It is evident from the multiple facets of rehabilitative care that a team of professionals, including the orthopedist, physical therapist, and orthotist, along with involved health care workers, must be in communication and agreement to manage the challenges of these patients successfully.

Ankle↗
PubMed1999

Feasibility of an in vitro microbiological model as an alternative to the rabbit eye model.

Ocular inserts of gentamicin sulfate with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5% and a combination of methyl cellulose 2% and Eudragit NE 30D 30%, 35%, and 40% w/w of methyl cellulose were fabricated by a casting technique. The inserts were sterilized by gamma radiation at 25 kGy and tested for sterility. The microbiological efficacy of the ocular inserts against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538P and Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCIM 2200 was evaluated by developing an in vitro microbiological model and an in vivo noninvasive rabbit eye model. Parameters of the in vitro microbiological model were varied, and the results correlated with a noninvasive rabbit eye model. The in vitro model proved to be a viable alternative to the rabbit eye model in evaluating the microbiological efficacy of gentamicin sulfate ocular inserts.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1998

Physiologic comparison of forward and reverse wheelchair propulsion.

OBJECTIVES: Conventional wheelchair propulsion is physiologically demanding because of the small muscle mass that is used and the low mechanical efficiency of the movement. Previous research has suggested that a reverse wheeling technique might be more economical than conventional forward wheeling. The present study sought to compare the physiologic demands of forward and reverse wheeling techniques. DESIGN: A repeated measures design was used to compare the dependent variables between forward and reverse wheeling techniques in the same subjects. SETTING: Human exercise research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS: Ten able-bodied men. INTERVENTION: Subjects completed graded, discontinuous exercise tests on a wheelchair ergometer, using both forward and reverse wheeling techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Oxygen uptake (VO2), ventilation (VE), and heart rate were measured during the last 30 seconds of each 3-minute exercise stage. Blood lactate concentration ([La]) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were determined immediately after each stage. RESULTS: Repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that VO2, VE, heart rate, [La], and RPE were all significantly greater (p < .05) with reverse wheeling compared with forward wheeling. VO2, values with reverse wheeling averaged 9% higher than forward wheeling at identical power outputs. CONCLUSIONS: Reverse wheelchair propulsion is physiologically more demanding than conventional forward wheelchair propulsion and does not appear to offer potential for improving the economy of wheelchair propulsion.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Fixation of intertrochanteric hip fractures: gamma nail versus dynamic hip screw. A randomized, prospective study.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of the gamma nail (GN) to the dynamic hip screw (DHS) in the management of intertrochanteric hip fractures. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective clinical trial with a mean follow-up of 52 weeks (range from 11 to 82 weeks). SETTING: A university teaching hospital. PATIENTS: One hundred and one patients with 102 fractures: 49 fractures were treated with the DHS and 53 fractures were treated with the GN. INTERVENTIONS: Fracture fixation with the DHS or the GN. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Comparison of duration of operation, blood loss, early and late complications, functional outcome and duration of hospital stay. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to intraoperative blood loss, days in hospital, time to union and eventual functional outcome. The length of the procedure and fluoroscopy time were longer for the GN group. CONCLUSIONS: Both the GN and the DHS can be used effectively for the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures. In this study the DHS was associated with a lower risk of local complications and should still be considered to be the implant of choice for patients with intertrochanteric fractures.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Monoclonal antibody treatment in rheumatoid arthritis: the clinical and immunological effects of a CD7 monoclonal antibody.

Six patients with rheumatoid arthritis were treated with a CD7 mouse monoclonal antibody, RFT2, daily for 15 days. Only two patients had a significant improvement in clinical disease activity which lasted 7-14 days. No serious adverse effects occurred although all patients developed antibodies against mouse immunoglobulin. During treatment T-lymphocyte numbers decreased and T-lymphocyte CD7 expression was absent in all but one patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Determination of tetracycline hydrochloride in presence of anhydrotetracycline by differential pulse polarography.

A differential pulse polarographic method is described for the determination of the antibiotic tetracycline HCl in the presence of its degradation product anhydrotetracycline. The method utilizes the large difference in their differential pulse polarograms at a peak potential of -1.39 V in 0.1 M phosphate buffer as the base electrolyte (pH 6.8). The assay was evaluated using synthetic mixtures and applied to the analysis of commercial tetracycline HCl samples. The results obtained with this method are in close agreement with those from the spectrophotometric absorbance ratio method.

Polarography↗
PubMed1988

Cervical gout.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Cervical Vertebrae↗
PubMed1981

Common cardiac arrhythmias: recognition and treatment.

Cardiac arrhythmias are commonly seen in the everyday practice of medicine by the physician. Although certain arrhythmias may be suspected clinically, precise diagnosis is made by electrocardiographic recording of the abnormal rhythm. Once the arrhythmia has been recorded, the next steps are proper electrocardiographic diagnosis and selection of proper treatment. The specific mode of therapy and the speed with which it is delivered will depend not only on the type of arrhythmia, but also on the hemodynamic consequences of the rhythm abnormality on the patient's cardiovascular system. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the electrocardiographic criteria of common cardiac arrhythmias as well as current concepts regarding therapy.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗
PubMed1977

Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular function in coronary arterial disease.

This investigation was designed to determine the role of echocardiography in the assessment of left ventricular function in patients with significant coronary arterial disease. Satisfactory echocardiograms were obtained in 43 patients with coronary arterial disease. The ventriculographic ejection fraction was determined by the area length method. The echocardiographic left ventricular end-diastolic dimension was increased to more than 5-4 cm in 17 patients. Fifteen of these patients had an ejection fraction of 0-45 or less. Three patients had a normal left ventricular end-diastolic dimension but an ejection fraction of less than 0-45. Twenty-three patients had an ejection fraction of more than 0-45 and a normal left ventricular end-diastolic dimension. The left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index was increased (greater than 3 cm/m2) in 15 patients, all of whom had ejection fraction of less than 0-45. Three patients had a normal left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index and an ejection fraction of less than 0-45. Twenty-five patients had a left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index of less than 3 cm/m2 or less and an ejection fraction of more than 0-45. The percentage fractional shortening of the echocardiographic left ventricular dimension was reduced in 25 patients. In 18 of these the ejection fraction was 0-45 or less. The percentage fractional shortening of the left ventricle was normal in 18 patients. In 2 of them the ejection fraction was less than 0-45. In summary, increase of the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension or left ventricular end-diastolic dimension index is usually associated with a critical reduction of the ejection fraction as determined by ventriculography. Since the ejection fraction is an important determinant of mortality related to bypass graft surgery, echocardiography should be useful in the detection of patients with a poor prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Growth patterns after lengthening of congenitally short lower limbs in young children.

The purpose of this study was to assess growth patterns after lengthening of the congenitally short femur or tibia in children younger than 6 years. Twenty such children underwent 28 bone segment lengthenings (13 femora and 15 tibiae) by distraction osteogenesis. Our results show that femoral lengthening in children younger than 6 years does not lead to growth inhibition, whereas isolated femoral lengthening may be associated with growth stimulation. Isolated tibial lengthening in children younger than 6 years does not lead to growth inhibition, whereas simultaneous femoral and tibial lengthening or two tibial lengthenings in close succession can lead to tibial growth inhibition.

Age Factors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Management of pulseless pink hand in pediatric supracondylar fractures of humerus.

Thirteen (3.2%) of 410 patients seen in British Columbia's Children's Hospital in Vancouver from January 1984 to September 1992 with supracondylar fractures did so with an absence of a radial pulse in an otherwise well perfused hand. A combination of segmental pressure monitoring, color-flow duplex scanning, and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) appears to be a valid, noninvasive, and safe technique in evaluating patency of the brachial artery and collateral circulation across the elbow. Based on this study, early revascularization of a pulseless otherwise well-perfused hand in children with type 3 supracondylar fractures, although technically feasible and safe, has a high rate of asymptomatic reocclusion and residual stenoses of the brachial artery. Therefore a period of close observation with frequent neurovascular checks should be completed before more invasive correction of this problem is contemplated.

Adolescent↗