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Biomedical subjects

S Sahin

Publications and source records attributed to S Sahin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

The characteristics of infections in crush syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of clinical and bacteriological examinations of crush syndrome patients admitted to our institute after the Marmara earthquake. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively from patients' files. Forty patients are included. Their mean age was 31.5 +/- 13.5 years and 18 were male. Their mean time under the rubble was 13.1 +/- 14.4 h. Fasciotomies were performed on 41 extremities of 30 patients. One hundred and twelve (mean 2.9 +/- 1.9 samples/patient) bacteriological samples were collected from wounds (51), blood (23), urine (25) and catheters (13). RESULTS: Microbial growth was detected in 67 samples from 38 (95%) patients. Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli, Gram-positive cocci, Enterobacteriaciace and yeast-like fungi were isolated in 67%, 17%, 12% and 4% of the samples, respectively. Acinetobacter (36%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21%), the major bacterial isolates from wound infections, were resistant to carbapenems and sensitive to quinolones. As the hospitalization period increased, other infections supervened. Gram-positive cocci and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli were detected in six blood and seven catheter samples and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was the major isolate. Nine (22%) of the patients died due to sepsis despite all supportive therapies. CONCLUSIONS: Infections are still major factors in crush syndrome-related deaths.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Effects of susceptor, coating and conventional browning applications on color and crust formation during microwave baking.

The effects of different browning treatments on the crust color and crust hardness of microwave baked breads were investigated. Microwave oven was operated at 20%, 30% and 40% powers for 3.5-5.5 minutes. As a control, breads were baked in a conventional oven at 200 degrees C for 12 minutes. After microwave baking, breads were browned or conventional browning times increased, crust hardness and weight loss of breads increased. When susceptors were used, desired browning and hardness were obtained on the bottom surfaces of the breads. However, they did not affect top surface color significantly. The optimum microwave baking conditions for safety susceptor and standard susceptor were found as 5.0 minutes at 20% power and 4.5 minutes at 20% power, respectively. Breads coated with a solution composed of 10.5% sodium bicarbonate, 31.6% glucose, 5.3% glycine and 52.6% water (by weight) did not have the desired crust color and hardness. Conventional browning at 200 degrees C for 8 minutes was an alternative to achieve browning on top and bottom surfaces and crust formation on the bottom surface.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Erosion risk analysis by GIS in environmental impact assessments: a case study--Seyhan Köprü Dam construction.

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematically constructed procedure whereby environmental impacts caused by proposed projects are examined. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are crucially efficient tools for impact assessment and their use is likely to dramatically increase in the near future. GIS have been applied to a wide range of different impact assessment projects and dams among them have been taken as the case work in this article. EIA Regulation in force in Turkey requires the analysis of steering natural processes that can be adversely affected by the proposed project, particularly in the section of the analysis of the areas with higher landscape value. At this point, the true potential value of GIS lies in its ability to analyze spatial data with accuracy. This study is an attempt to analyze by GIS the areas with higher landscape value in the impact assessment of dam constructions in the case of Seyhan-Köprü Hydroelectric Dam project proposal. A method needs to be defined before the overlapping step by GIS to analyze the areas with higher landscape value. In the case of Seyhan-Köprü Hydroelectric Dam project proposal of the present work, considering the geological conditions and the steep slopes of the area and the type of the project, the most important natural process is erosion. Therefore, the areas of higher erosion risk were considered as the Areas with Higher Landscape Value from the conservation demands points of view.

Conservation of Natural Resources↗
PubMed2001

Increased QT dispersion in hemodialysis patients improve after renal transplantation: a prospective-controlled study.

Increased QT dispersion (QTd), predicting patients with risk of malignant arrhythmia, have recently been reported in hemodialysis patients (HDp). In this prospective study, we aimed to investigate changes in QTd and signal averaged-ECG (SAECG) in HDp after transplantation. Twenty-seven HDp (M/F:18/9, mean age 30+/-8 years) and 24 controls (M/F:14/10, mean age 33+/-6 years) were included. All QT parameters (QTmax, Qtmin, and QTd) were increased in HDp. QTmax and QTd started to decrease at the first month after transplantation. Percentage change in QTd at the third month was significantly correlated with percentage change in LV mass index (r=0.45, P=0.04), serum calcium (r=-0.47, P=0.02) and intact parathyroid hormone (r=0.68, P=0.01). In multivariate regression analysis, only percent chance in LV mass index was retained as significant. As for analysis of SAECG, 4 of the 23 (17%) HDp has abnormal late potentials which disappeared after transplantation. HDp with LV hypertrophy had higher filtered-QRS duration compared to patients without hypertrophy (110+/-12 vs. 97+/-11 msec, P=0.01). It was concluded that increased QTd and presence of late potentials improved early after renal transplantation. These changes were mainly associated with the regression of the LV mass.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Comparison of the effects of enalapril and losartan on posttransplantation erythrocytosis in renal transplant recipients: prospective randomized study.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective randomized study was to compare the safety and efficacy of enalapril (E) and losartan (L) in the treatment of posttransplantation erythrocytosis and the effect of the ACE genotype on response to therapy. METHODS: Twenty-seven (24 male and 3 female, mean age 34+/-8 years) renal transplant recipients with erythrocytosis were treated either with E (15 patients) (10 mg/day) or L (12 patients) (50 mg/day) for 8 weeks. RESULTS: The hemoglobin levels were significantly decreased in the L (17.1+/-0.7 to 15.9+/-1.3 g/dl, P=0.01) and E groups (17.4+/-1.1 to 14.9+/-2.2 g/dl, P=0.001). Among the responders who discontinued treatment, there was a trend for longer time to relapse in the L group (7.38+/-3.75 months; 95% confidence interval: 0.03-14.7) compared with the E group (2.75+/-0.70 (95% confidence interval: 1.37-4.13) (P=0.11). Decrease in hemoglobin was more prominent with E compared with L (-3.26+/-0.65 vs. -1.70+/-0.39 g/dl, P=0.05). Decrease in hemoglobin levels between DD and non-DD genotype groups was similar (-2.0+/-1.5 vs. -1.7+/-2.3 g/dl, P=0.69). CONCLUSIONS: Enalapril caused a greater decrease but faster relapse in hemoglobin levels compared with losartan in patients with posttransplantation erythrocytosis. The DD type polymorphism had no effect on response.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

DNA sequence comparison of human and mouse retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) identifies tissue-specific exons and putative regulatory elements.

Retinitis pigmentosa 3 (RP3) is a progressive retinal degeneration due to mutations in the X-linked RPGR gene. Transcription studies in human and mouse tissues have revealed ubiquitously expressed transcripts and also an exceptional high number of tissue-specific alternative splice variants. However, regulation of tissue-specific expression and splicing is unclear, but this is of particular interest as mutations in this ubiquitously expressed gene lead to severe retinal degeneration, while other tissues are unaffected. To elucidate the conservation pattern of RPGR and to identify additional tissue-specific exons and putative regulatory elements we performed comparative genomic sequencing of the human and mouse RPGR gene. Each of the genes spans a region of nearly 59 kb, and all previously identified exons are conserved between the two species. DNA sequence comparison identified 28 conserved sequence elements (CSEs) in introns, upstream of exon 1, within the promotor region, and downstream of the most 3' exon. Some of the intronic CSEs flank tissue-specific exons and therefore may represent important regulatory elements for alternative splicing. Comparative northern blot hybridization of ubiquitous and tissue-specific RPGR probes identified high molecular weight transcripts with similar expression patterns in both human and mouse. These transcripts range from 6 to 15 kb in size and suggest the presence of additional transcribed sequences within RPGR. Our cross-species sequence comparison enables us to define candidate regions that may explain these large transcripts and will therefore contribute to the understanding of RPGR expression and splicing.

Alternative Splicing↗
PubMed2001

Examination of mycosis fungoides for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus and human herpesvirus-6 by polymerase chain reaction.

BACKGROUND: The aetiology of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) remains unknown despite numerous investigations. In recent years, retroviruses and human herpesviruses have been implicated to play a causal part in CTCL. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to elucidate the possible aetiopathogenetic role of human herpesviruses (HHV) in mycosis fungoides (MF). METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction was used to study formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded lesional skin biopsies from 92 subjects with MF to evidence possible presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and HHV-6. RESULTS: Biopsy specimens from nine subjects (9.8%) evidenced EBV DNA, whereas all except one of the subjects (1.1%) lacked HHV-6 DNA. CONCLUSIONS: Although these findings do not support a primary aetiological role for EBV and HHV-6 in classical CTCL, the possibility remains that both viruses, particularly EBV, may act as potential cofactors in the development of CTCL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Outcome of living unrelated (commercial) renal transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Due to inadequate cadaveric and living related organ supply, many end-stage renal disease patients go to Third World countries for commercial transplantation, although the high risk of complications is well established and ethical arguments debate this practice. METHODS: The midterm outcome of 115 patients who had been commercially transplanted in various countries and admitted to our center for post-transplant care and follow-up between 1992 and 1999 was retrospectively analyzed. Data considering the transplantation practice and post-transplant course were collected from the patient files. Outcome of these patients was compared with those with a living related transplant performed at our center. RESULTS: The patients (91 male and 24 female; mean age of 42 +/- 12 years) were transplanted in India (N = 106), Iraq (N = 7), and Iran (N = 2). The mean follow-up period was 64.5 +/- 23.9 months. Post-transplant course was complicated by numerous surgical and/or medical complications, and many of the latter were unconventional infections caused by malaria, invasive fungal infections, and pneumonia due to various opportunistic pathogens. Overall, 52 patients still have functioning allografts, while 22 lost their grafts, 20 died, and 21 were lost to follow-up. Graft survival rates at two, five, and seven years were 84, 66, and 53%, respectively, for the study group, while it was 86, 78, and 73% for living related transplantations performed at our center (P = 0.036). Patient survival rates for the same periods were 90, 80, and 74% for the study group and 90, 85, and 80% for the living related transplantations (P = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS: Besides the ongoing ethical debate, commercial transplantation carries a high risk of unconventional complications, and despite that the patient survival rate is comparable, graft survival is worse than conventional living related transplantations at the midterm.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Experience with calcipotriol as adjunctive treatment for vitiligo in patients who do not respond to PUVA alone: a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: PUVA therapy remains a primary treatment for vitiligo, despite unsatisfactory results. Because of calcipotriol's reported effects on melanocytes and on immunomodulatory and inflammatory mediators we wondered whether adding calcipotriol to PUVA would be more effective than PUVA alone in treating vitiligo. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine whether the combination of topical calcipotriol and PUVA therapy increases the responsiveness of patients with vitiligo refractory to PUVA alone. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with vitiligo refractory to previous PUVA therapy were studied. Patients received 60 sessions of PUVA 3 times a week and 0.005% topical calcipotriol twice daily. Patients were monitored for repigmentation overall and on the trunk, extremities, and acral regions. RESULTS: Starting at the median of the 17th treatment session, some degree of repigmentation was observed in 71.5% of the patients. After treatment, cosmetically acceptable overall repigmentation was observed in 29% of patients; repigmentation of lesions on the trunk, extremities, and acral region was noted in 36%, 58%, and 0% of patients, respectively. Adverse reactions were mild and tolerable. CONCLUSION: The combination of PUVA and calcipotriol may be effective therapy and should be further investigated for the treatment of vitiligo.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

The significance of passive framework fit in implant prosthodontics: current status.

The clinical and laboratory procedures employed for framework fabrication are inadequate to provide an absolute passive fit for implant-supported fixed superstructures. Although some prosthetic complications are attributed to the lack of passive fit, its effect on implant success is questionable. Nevertheless, the clinical results of increasing applications of advanced technology to improve framework fit seem promising. This article reviews the clinical significance of passive fit and the factors that affect the final fit of implant-supported frameworks.

Dental Prosthesis Design↗
PubMed2001

Detection of Helicobacter pylori colonization in dental plaques and tongue scrapings of patients with chronic gastritis.

OBJECTIVE: It has been suggested that the oral cavity and dental plaque might be a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori (Hp). In this study, our aims were to detect the prevalence of Hp colonization in dental plaque and tongue scrapings of patients with chronic gastritis and to investigate the effect of systemic treatment upon this colonization and eradication of Hp from gastric mucosa. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Eighty-one patients (49 men, 32 women) were included in the study. Dental plaque and tongue scraping specimens were obtained and assessed with Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test, prior to endoscopic examination. By endoscopy, 2 antral and 1 corpus biopsy samples were taken for histologic examination, and 1 antral biopsy sample was taken for CLO test examination. RESULTS: Chronic gastritis was diagnosed in 63 (77.7%) of 81 patients. Dental plaque samples of 64 (79%) patients and tongue scraping samples of 48 (59.2%) patients were urease positive. Of the 63 patients with chronic gastritis, dental plaque and tongue scrapings were urease positive in 52 (83%) and 37 (59%) patients, respectively. After 14 days of triple drug therapy (omeprazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin), Hp was eradicated from the gastric mucosa of almost all of the patients, whereas no changes were detected in dental plaque and tongue scrapings by CLO test examination. CONCLUSION: Helicobacter pylori colonization, which seemed to be high in dental plaque and on the tongue, might play an important role in the pathogenesis of the reinfection process. In order to eradicate Hp from both the oral cavity and the gastric mucosa, studies should be performed to assess the effects of plaque control procedures in addition to present treatment modalities.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Estimation of aqueous distributional spaces in the dual perfused rat liver.

1. The aim of this study was to estimate the aqueous distributional spaces of the liver as a function of the route of input: portal vein (PV) versus hepatic artery (HA). 2. Studies were performed in the situ single (PV) and dual (PV-HA) perfused rat liver (n = 6-10) using Krebs bicarbonate buffer at constant PV (12 ml min-1) and HA (3 ml min-1) flow rates. An impulse input-output response technique was employed, varying the route of input, using non-labelled erythrocytes (intravascular marker), 125I-albumin and [14C]sucrose (extracellular markers), and [14C]urea and 3H2O (total water markers) as the reference indicators. 3. Distributional spaces were estimated using two different methods, namely standard and specific. The standard method was applied to hepatic outflow data obtained from the single PV perfused liver. The specific method was used when operating in the dual perfused mode to provide an estimate of the excess space perfused solely by the HA input. Specific spaces, interstitial and intracellular volumes, were estimated by difference. 4. The results were evaluated by means of visual inspection of the outflow profiles and comparison of the distributional spaces. Different hepatic effluent profiles obtained as a function of the route of input indicated that these two inputs did not completely mix within the liver. Estimates of the distributional spaces supported this observation, and further suggested that the arterial input perfuses 9-12 % more hepatic tissue than the venous input. 5. The knowledge obtained from the existence of a specific arterial space can be extended to help make predictions about the fate of an eliminated compound following arterial administration. Any difference between the HA and PV in terms of hepatic recovery could be attributed to this excess space and its enzyme density.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Posterior capsule opacification 3 years after implantation of an AcrySof and a MemoryLens in fellow eyes.

PURPOSE: To compare the rates of lens epithelial cell (LEC) migration and posterior capsule opacification (PCO) 1 and 3 years after sutureless small incision phacoemulsification and in-the-bag implantation of 2 acrylic polymer intraocular lenses (IOLs)-the AcrySof and MemoryLens-in fellow eyes of patients. SETTING: Eye Clinic, Beyoğlu Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. METHODS: Fifty patients with no systemic or ocular problems that would interfere with postoperative visual acuity were included in this prospective study. Each patient had in-the-bag implantation of an AcrySof IOL in 1 eye and a MemoryLens in the fellow eye in a randomized fashion after uneventful phacoemulsification through a sutureless clear corneal incision. RESULTS: At 1 year (n = 32 patients), there was no significant difference between fellow eyes in postoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and contrast sensitivity. In the MemoryLens group, 10 eyes (31.3%) had PCO and 9 (28.1%), LEC migration. In the AcrySof group, no eye had PCO and 2 eyes (6.3%) had LEC migration (P <.001). At 3 years (n = 21 patients), 1 eye (4.7%) in the AcrySof group had PCO and 3 eyes (14.4%) had LEC migration without PCO. In the MemoryLens group, 1 eye (4.7%) had a clear posterior capsule, 11 eyes (52.4%) had LEC migration, and 9 eyes (42.9%) had PCO (P <.001). A neodymium:YAG capsulotomy was required in 4 eyes (19.0%) in the MemoryLens group but no eye in the AcrySof group. At 3 years, BCVA was lower in the MemoryLens group than in the AcrySof group (P <.05). CONCLUSION: The 3 year clinical data of fellow eyes indicate that the AcrySof IOL causes less PCO than the MemoryLens.

Acrylates↗