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Biomedical subjects

S Sakamoto

Publications and source records attributed to S Sakamoto.

At least 865 records · Page 48Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Fungus ball formation of aspergillus in the bladder. an unusual case report.

An unusual case of fungus ball formation of Aspergillus in the bladder without any evidence of disseminated and renal aspergillosis is presented. A 49-year-old man whose chief complaint was progressively worsening dysuria after a stomach operation was admitted. Cystoscopy revealed many ball-like masses on the retrotrigone and left wall. Histological studies showed that these masses were composed of many Aspergilli. The uniqueness of the case and the route of infection are discussed.

Aspergillosis↗
PubMed1978

Experimental and clinical studies on the formation of antibodies to neocarzinostatin, a new protein antibiotic.

The injection of clinical doses of neocarzinostatin (NCS) in guinea pigs did not result in antibody formation as judged by immunoelectrosyneresis, micro-Ouchterlony agar diffusion, fluorescence polarization, and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. This confirmed previous work on passive hemagglutination and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in a heterocytotropic system in guinea pigs. Forty-eight serum samples from 28 patients who were previously treated with NCS alone (8--161 mg) for a period of 8-85 days did not show any sign of antibody formation as revealed by immunoelectrosyneresis, micro-Ouchterlony agar diffusion, and fluorescence polarization techniques. In a homocytotropic system, the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction was carried out with sera of sensitized guinea pigs and test guinea pigs which revealed that no IgE and IgA antibody to NCS was present in the sensitized sera. Those patients with bladder cancer who did not respond to NCS therapy or exhibit any side effects even after 21 mg were found to have proteolytic activity in their sera which degraded NCS very rapidly as revealed by the fluorescence polarization technique.

Anaphylaxis↗
PubMed1978

Desmosome-like structures between tumor cells and endothelial cells in choriocarcinoma heterotransplanted into the nude mouse: a preliminary report.

Tumor cells obtained from the metastatic focus of the lung of a 51-year-old woman with choriocarcinoma were transplanted in the subcutaneous tissue of the nude mouse and studied with an electron microscope. At the junctional zone between the tumor and the invaded cells a desmosome-like structure, between the transplanted tumor cells and endothelial cells, was observed in the nude mouse. Although this finding seems quite unusual, it may be related to the unique character of the early trophoblast.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Effects of various drugs on the lipolytic actions caused by catecholamines and methylxanthine derivatives in white adipose tissues. 1. Effects of procaine and xylocaine (author's transl)].

Effects of procaine and xylocaine on the lipolytic actions caused by catecholamines and methylxanthine derivatives in white adipose tissues from rats were investigated. Both procaine and xylocaine remarkably inhibited the lipolyses caused by norepinephrine, epinephrine, caffeine and theophylline. Xylocaine inhibited the lipolysis more strongly than procaine, and also inhibited the basal lipolysis. The inhibition by either procaine or xylocaine appeared 60 minutes after the addition of the norepinephrine-induced lipolytic action. The antilipolytic action of procaine was evident in medium containing 2 mM EDTA instead of Ca2+, and its antilipolytic action was accelerated by increasing Ca2+ concentration in the medium. From these positive results, we suggest that both procaine and xylocaine have an antilipolytic effect, and this effect is closely dependent on the Ca2+ concentration in the medium.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1978

[Studies on the excitation-metabolism coupling mechanism in brown adipose tissues, 2; Effects of K+ and norepinephrine on the lipolysis in brown adipose tissues (author's transl)].

This investigation was undertaken to clarify the lipolytic response caused by K+ and norepinephrine in brown adipose tissues. 1. Lipolytic response was obviously observed at the concentration of 50 mM in the K+-induced stimulation, and at 1.0 microgram/ml in the norepinephrine-induced stimulation, respectively. 2. K+- and norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis were inhibited in the Ca2+-deficient tissues, and were inhibited by the addition of Mg2+, Mn2+ and La3+. 3. In the K+-stimulated lipolysis Ca2+ could be substituted only by Sr2+, while in the norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis the substitution was possible with both Sr2+ and Ba2+. 4. K+- and norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis were inhibited by the addition of propranolol and procaine. Accordingly, these positive results suggest that K+- and norepinephrine-stimulated lipolysis are dependent on the presence of Ca2+, and are related to the movements of Ca2+ and cyclic AMP system in the cells.

Adipose Tissue, Brown↗
PubMed1978

Frequency of anti-AG-4 antibody in patients with uterine cervical cancer and controls.

Association of herpesvirus type-2 (HSV-2) with cervical cancer was studied from seroepidemiological viewpoint, using early antigen induced in Hep-2 cells by HSV-2 4 hr after infection (AG-4). The AG-4 antibody was assayed by the microquantitative complement fixation method. Antibody to AG-4 was respectively detected in 47% and 14% of cervical cancer patients and controls (P less than 0.001). There was a tendency of the antibody prevalence to increase with clinical stage. There was no correlation between prevalence of AG-4 antibody and that of HSV-2 neutralizing antibody estimated by the kinetics of neutralization assay, confirming previous conclusions that AG-4 differs from viral antigens involved in neutralization. Although previous study could not confirm higher prevalence of neutralizing antibody to HSV-2 in cancer patients, the present data suggest that HSV-2 is not unrelated to cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mechanism of accumulation of the antitumor protein antibiotic neocarzinostatin in bladder tissue: intravenous administration, urinary excretion, and absorption into bladder tissue.

Some aspects of the absorption, distribution, and excretion of neocarzinostatin (NCS), a proteinous antitumor antibiotic, were studied in rabbits. NCS was given intravenously (i.v.) via the auricular vein, or [(14)C]NCS was instilled directly into the cavity of the bladder by tubing. In both groups, ureterostomy was performed, so that the drug excreted in the urine did not pass through the bladder. The results showed extremely rapid renal clearance; namely, two-thirds of the total recovered was excreted in the first 5 min. It was also shown that drug infused into the bladder cavity could be recovered in urine from the ureterostomized ureter. Also, the level of biological activity of NCS in bladder tissues after i.v. administration is significantly lower when ureterostomy is performed. Thus, evidence is presented for the absorption of NCS into bladder tissue from the lumen of the bladder. The high levels of NCS in bladder tissue are due to this effect as well as to accumulation via the iliac artery. These data should encourage further trials of NCS in bladder cancer. A study of urine containing NCS derived from i.v. administration showed an increase in antibacterial activity upon incubation, followed by a decrease. These effects are probably due to proteolysis, as shown by the appearance of a low-molecular-weight fragment and by the absence of such an increase in the presence of inhibitors of proteolysis.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Thyroid function in molar pregnancy.

Various aspects of thyroid hormone economy were examined in 15 patients with molar pregnancy and in 5 patients with choriocarcinoma. None of the patients with molar pregnancy was clinically thyrotoxic, though serum thyroxine (T4) was increased in 13 and free T4 concentrations were above normal in four of ten in whom measurements were made. In 2 patients with elevated serum T4 levels and in one patient with normal serum T4 levels, the daily rate of T4 disposal was increase, and most of 131I derived from 131I-T4 was excreted into urine in two patients in whom estimation of urinary excretion was made. Serum total triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations closely paralleled those of serum T4, but T3/T4 ratios were lower than those previously found in patients with toxic diffuse goiter of Graves' disease. Unresponsiveness to exogenous thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) was observed in 5 patients with molar pregnancy whose serum total T4 and T3 levels were increased. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) concentrations in serum ranged from 0.5 to 2830 IU/ml and were less than 200 IU/ml in 36% of the patients, possibly because molar pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasonography, rather than high titers of urinary or serum hCG. Serum thyroid stimulating activity measured by the McKenzie bioassay closely paralleled values for hCG (r:+0.94). All thyroid abnormalities disappeared quickly after removal of the mole. In choriocarcinoma, no abnormality of thyroid function was found. These results suggest that: 1) some patients with molar pregnancy display a marked elevation of serum T4, T3, and free T4 concentrations, probably as a result of the action of a thyroid stimulator which is closely related to serum hCG or may be hCG itself; 2) T4 production rates are increased in these patients, and the pituitary responds to TRH in a manner similar to that found in thyrotoxicosis. Despite this, frank clinical thyrotoxicosis is usually absent, possibly because of relatively low serum T3/T4 ratios, possibly because of the limited duration of thyroid hyperfunction, and possibly because of other factors that for the present remain unknown.

Adult↗