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Biomedical subjects

S Salah

Publications and source records attributed to S Salah.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Autoimmune chronic active hepatitis: anatomoclinic's study of 50 patients].

PURPOSE: To analyse anatomoclinic and evolutive aspects of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) through 50 observations collected in two Internal Medicine departments in Algiers from 1998 to 2002 and to make a review of the literature. METHODS: The study is prospective. The diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is established according to the recommendations of the score of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group (1991) or/and hepatitic damage confirmed by histology. RESULTS: Fifty patients were studied: (32 women-18 men) and the mean age was 38 years (17 to 73). Autoimmune extra-hepatitic manifestations were associated in 26%. The AIH type 1 has been noted in 58%. AIH were type 2 in only 6%. In 22% of the cases AIH were sero-negative and the others AIH represented 14% were classed as overlap-syndrome (5 cases of primary biliary cirrhosis and 2 cases of primary sclerosing cholangitis hepatitis overlap syndrome). The first liver biopsy tissue showed strong necrotic-inflammatory activity in 56% and cirrhosis was identified in 19 patients (38%). The treatment (azathioprine and corticosteroid) was prescribed in 37 patients (74%) in active chronic hepatitis or in compensed cirrhosis. FOLLOW-UP: 28% of the patients died (9-36 months) because cirrhosis's complications or because complications of hepatocarcinoma (3 cases). CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of AIH must be established early for each patient with chronic liver disease particularly is those are supposed as a crypto genetic hepatitis. The prognosis is compromised by delayed diagnosis and the mortality in middle following up is high.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Congenital unilateral fusion of the maxilla and mandible.

We present an uncommon severe first branchial arch congenital malformation, in which complete unilateral bony fusion between the maxillary and mandibular processes was found in a newborn exposed to carbamazepine medication all through pregnancy. This condition interferes with oral feeding, intubation, growth and development. In a review of previously reported cases it was found that this anomaly was commonly associated with other abnormalities. The etiology of this malformation was uncertain in our case, as carbamazepine was not proven to be the definite cause.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMed1997

Comparative field evaluation of HIV rapid diagnostic assays using serum, urine, and oral mucosal transudate specimens.

BACKGROUND: Comparative field utility of selected HIV-1 assays using homologous collections of serum, urine and oral mucosal transudate (OMT) was determined in adult populations from a tuberculosis hospital and STD clinic in Djibouti, East Africa. STUDY DESIGN: Enzyme immunoassay with confirmatory Western blot was performed on all serum specimens for comparison with rapid, instrument-free assays (SUDS HIV-1, Murex: TestPack HIV-1/2. Abbott; and COMBAIDS HIV 1 + 2, SPAN Diagnostics) using various specimen sources. Delayed (48 h post-collection) testing was also performed on urine. Sensitivity and specificity for the rapid assays, in descending order, were as follows: serum SUDS HIV-1 assay (100%, 98.3%), serum COMBAIDS HIV-1/2 assay (98.4%, 99.6%), and OMT SUDS HIV-1 assay (98.4%, 94.5%). RESULTS: The OMT EIA optical density cutoff value was modified resulting in an improved specificity from 89.1 to 99.6%, however, sensitivity decreased from 100 to 98.5%. Urine EIA and rapid assays demonstrated unacceptable test performance for use as a screening test.

Africa, Eastern↗
PubMed1996

Prolactin hormone in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus: a possible relationship to disease activity and CNS manifestations.

OBJECTIVE: In this prospective study we aimed to determine serum prolactin (PRL) concentrations among patients with prepubertal juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their possible relationship to disease activity and/or manifestations. METHODS: Serum PRL was estimated by immunoradiometric assay in 33 prepubertal children with SLE and 20 healthy controls. Patients had complete clinical and laboratory investigations. Disease activity was evaluated using the Systemic Lupus Activity Measurement Index (SLAM). RESULTS: The mean serum PRL level was higher in juvenile SLE than healthy controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant correlation between the serum PRL levels and total SLAM score among our patients. Serum PRL levels were significantly correlated with erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = +0.352, p < 0.05) and inversely with each of total leukocyte count (r = -0.504, p < 0.01) and lymphocyte count (r = -0.408, p < 0.05). Hyperprolactinemia was found in 3 (9%) of the children with SLE but not in controls. All 3 patients with hyperprolactinemia (100%) had central nervous system (CNS) manifestations compared to only 3 (10%) patients (p < 0.003) with normal PRL level. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a subset of juvenile SLE characterized by hyperprolactinemia and increased prevalence of CNS manifestations. A possible relationship between serum PRL concentrations and disease activity in juvenile SLE was found. Our data point to the importance of further studies of the role of PRL in immunomodulation of pediatric rheumatic diseases.

Central Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1995

Laparoscopic procedure for suspected appendicitis. A prospective study in 283 consecutive patients.

Between September 1990 and December 1993, 283 consecutive patients were admitted with clinical symptoms of acute appendicitis. These patients underwent primary laparoscopic approach so that an appendicectomy could be performed by this method. In 49 cases (17.3%), primary laparoscopic examination corrected the preoperative diagnosis and the appendix was left in situ. Appendicectomy was performed in 234 cases (149 women, 85 men) with a mean age of 30 years. Requirement for open surgery occurred in 29 cases. The main cause of unsuccessful procedures was inflammation due to local or generalized peritonitis. Median operative time for a successful procedure was 60 min (range, 25-160). Four postoperative complications (one related to laparoscopic procedure), one case of wound infection, and no mortality resulted. After laparoscopic appendicectomy, the median hospital stay was 3 days (range, 1-16). These results suggest that a laparoscopic approach for suspected appendicitis is reliable, allowing abdominal exploration and safe appendicectomy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Role of laparoscopic surgery in the management of acute abdomen in the HIV-positive patients.

Emergency open laparotomy in patients infected with HIV is accompanied by high mortality. The authors investigated the potential role of a laparoscopic approach for the management of acute abdomen in such patients. Prospectively, 10 patients with HIV disease (9 with AIDS) underwent laparoscopy for acute abdomen. The treatment was exclusively laparoscopic in 6 patients. A conversion to laparotomy was necessary in 4 patients but through guided elective incision in 3 of them. The postoperative course was uneventful in all patients but 1, who died. We advocate a laparoscopic approach, when feasible, as an initial step in the management of acute abdomen in HIV-positive patients.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1995

[Intraoperative systematic cholangiography in celiopscopic cholecystectomy].

OBJECTIVES: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the therapeutic gold standard in uncomplicated cases of cholelithiasis. This study evaluated the feasibility and the results of intra-operative cholangiography during laparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Intra-operative cholangiography was attempted in 126 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Common bile duct stones were detected according to the following criteria: a) clinically (history of jaundice or pancreatitis); b) biologically (aminotransferase > 2 N, alkaline phosphatase > 2 N, total bilirubin > 20 mumol/L); c) ultrasonographically (diameter of the common bile duct > 12 mm, presence of gallbladder stones < 10 mm); d) calculation of the multifactorial score of Huguier. RESULTS: An intraoperative cholangiography was performed in 116 patients (92%), for a mean duration of 16 minutes (range: 9-25 min). Two anomalies of the biliary tree were detected. Ten common bile duct stones were detected (8.6% with 50% success of laparoscopic extraction). One false positive case had justified a surgical exploration of the common bile duct. The sensitivity of preoperative criteria was 80%. No morbidity or postoperative biliary complications were related to the intraoperative cholangiography. CONCLUSIONS: Routine intraoperative cholangiography should be systematically performed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, providing anatomical information of the biliary tree and detecting, in 1.7% of cases, unsuspected common bile duct stones which could be treated during the same operative procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Celioscopic appendectomy. Results in 137 consecutive patients].

Between September 1990 and August 1992, laparoscopic appendicectomy was attempted in 137 patients: 98 females and 39 males (sex-ratio: 2.5:1) with a mean age of 31 years (range: 15-85). The patients were operated on by 9 surgeons. Laparoscopic appendicectomy was possible in 120 patients (87.6%). In 19 patients the procedure was converted into open surgery. The main causes of unsuccessful laparoscopic procedures were: retrocaecal appendix (n = 5) and injury of appendiceal artery (n = 4). The rate of unsuccessful procedures was 31% in retrocaecal appendix and 9.4% in the other cases (P < 0.02). In exclusively laparoscopic procedures, the mean operating time was 63 (2.9) minutes. It was 49 (3) minutes for experienced surgeons and 69 (3.3) for other surgeons (P < 0.05). Histological examination of the appendix revealed inflammatory signs in 97 specimens (71%). There were no wound infections after successful laparoscopic appedicectomy. One female patient developed an abscess in the pouch of Douglas. The median postoperative hospital stay was 3 days (range: 1-16). These results suggest that laparoscopic appendicectomy is a safe technique, with low morbidity allowing short postoperative hospital stay.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Vital prognosis in acute pancreatitis. Study of 5 clinicobiological indices].

The values of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Enquiry (Apache II) and the Simplified Acute Physiology Scores (SAPS) were compared with Ranson and Imrie scores to predict death after acute pancreatitis. Fifty-five (ten deaths) patients were evaluated. Patients who died had a mean score greater than those who survived. The accuracy of all scores was similar after 48 hours. The ICU (Intensive Care Unit) available at the time of admission may facilitate the early selection of patients for appropriate management.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Percutaneous surgery of biliary cyst: a case report.

Biliary cysts are uncommon and often asymptomatic. Once symptoms occur, treatment is needed. Though percutaneous drainage is possible, the recurrence rate is high. Open drainage is associated with the morbidity of laparotomy. We report a case of laparoscopic treatment of a large biliary cyst.

Bile Duct Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus among Egyptian children.

A prospective analysis of 30 Egyptian children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was conducted throughout a 3 year period. The average followup period was 13 months. The age of onset ranged from 8 to 14 years. Most cases presented with more than one of the classical features of the disease. However, 23.3% presented primarily with major organ involvement. One case presenting with cardiac tamponade is reported in our series. The clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease are presented, though more complete studies are required to confirm any possible differences in these disease manifestations compared with those found in other populations. Contrary to the frequently held view, our results suggest that childhood onset SLE is not rare in Africa or at least some parts of the continent.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[The management of urinary and fecal incontinence due to a neurinoma of the cauda equina with an electrode implanted in the pelvic muscles (Caldwell) (author's transl)].

A woman, aged 49, had a complete sensory and motor deficit of the S2-5 segments with urinary and fecal incontinence due to a neurinoma of the cauda. A Caldwell electrode was implanted surgically into the muscles of the pelvic floor in April 1974. The patient was observed for 2 years thereafter and had an excellent result. The medical and technical problems of treating urinary and fecal incontinence due to a lower motor neuron lesion of S2-5 can be handled satisfactorily with an implanted electrode.

Cauda Equina↗
PubMed1975

Lymphoblastic extramedullary spinal tumor during remission of acute lymphoblastic leukaemie.

An unusual case history of a girl with ALL is presented. The diagnosis was established at the age of 7. At the age of 11, 5 years and 3 months after remission due to treatment an extramedullary tumour of a lumbar vertebra produced a transverse lesion of the spinal cord and meningeal leukaemia. The tumour consisted mainly of connective tissue with small foci of lymphoblastic cells, identical with those originally seen in the peripheral blood stream. After laminectomy, irradiation and chemotherapy the girl is still in her first haematological remission, lasting nearly 7 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Spinal neurinomas.--a comprehensive clinical and statistical study on 47 cases.

Based on an unselected material forty-seven cases of intraspinal neurinomas treated in a period of seven years, this report presents a comprehensive, clinical and statistical analysis. Divergences from the literature in respect of case history, distribution and frequency are pointed out. Attention is paid to the difficulties of early diagnosis. Problems of surgical treatment and the importance of microsurgical dissection are discussed.

Adolescent↗