Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S Salman.
Two patients with chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis had positive blood cultures. The diagnosis was established by the clinical picture, skin biopsy, and culture for Leishmania major and tropica.
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Subcutaneous nephrostomy is a technique which allows access to the renal pelvis for physiological study in the experimental animal over a prolonged period of time without the complications attendant upon an externally draining appliance. One end of an 8 Fr. polyvinyl tube was placed in the renal pelvis at open surgery and the other end was capped and buried in the subcutaneous space for subsequent access by percutaneous needle puncture. This procedure is preferable to surgically created vesical exstrophy, exteriorization of the renal pelvis or conventional nephrostomy, techniques which have been proposed for such purposes. Tolerance to subcutaneous access nephrostomy was investigated in a group of 10 dogs followed for periods ranging from six months to two years. It was found that bilateral subcutaneous access nephrostomy did not alter kidney function but was associated with altered peristalsis. It was also associated frequently with bacteriuria, but not pyelonephritis. Neither calcific deposits nor calculi were seen as a consequence of the tube, and the procedure was well tolerated by the animal although, in some, progressive weight loss was observed. In general, this technique proved to be an excellent procedure for prolonged physiological studies of the urinary tract in dogs, and might similarly find some clinical application in humans.
We report on a sister and a brother (born to normal consanguineous parents) with joint contractures and osteolytic lesions of bones. The sister had also gingival hyperplasia and skin lesions consisting of multiple tumors of the face, nose, palate, ears, and neck. Histologic examination showed findings of juvenile hyaline fibromatosis. The literature is reviewed, and 15 cases already reported are summarized.
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Rats that fought with each other in response to electric shock showed reduced gastric lesions in comparison with animals that received the same shocks alone so that fighting behavior did not occur. Also, gastric lesions were similarly reduced in animals that fought even though they could not physically contact one another because of a barrier between them, so that the "protective" effect of fighting derived from release of, or display of, fighting behavior and did not require physical combat. A second experiment showed that animals that received shock together but did not engage in fighting behavior showed no reduction of gastric lesions, so that the protective effect of fighting was not an artifact of animals receiving shock together. Possible explanations for why fighting behavior reduces gastric lesions are discussed.
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Fourteen male and female patients aged 8 to 21 (mean 12.57 years) underwent clinical and urodynamic evaluation. These patients had different lower urinary tract symptoms, and flow changes and increased perineal muscle activity during voiding were demonstrated urodynamically. The urodynamic work up consisted of flowmetry, cystomanometry, detrusor pressure-flow test, videocystourethrography and electromyography of the periurethral sphincter. The urinary symptoms were nocturnal enuresis in 6 cases (42.85%), urinary infection in 6 (42.85%), difficulty in voiding in 4 (28.57%), urgency incontinence in 4 (28.57%), voiding urgency in 2 (14.28%) and diurnal urgency and frequency in 1 case (7.18%). The following 3 voiding bladder behaviour patterns were observed; 1) involuntary micturition from bladder instability (7 cases, 50%), 2) micturition from voluntary bladder contraction (2 cases, 14.28%) and 3) absence of bladder contractile activity with voiding achieved using the abdominal muscles (5 cases, 35.71%). Decompensated voiding was observed in 21% of the overall group. Of these, 75% belonged to the group that used the abdominal muscles to void. Dilatation of the proximal or prostatic urethra was frequently accompanied by bladder instability (57%). The urodynamic data may be useful in determining the outcome of treatment.
We have investigated the action, in vivo, of a calcium antagonist on pyelouretheral dynamics. A surgical model consisting of a bilateral subcutaneous nephrostomy was used, which permits repeated studies in the same animal and simultaneous collection from both pyelouretheral tracts. Anterograde perfusion of a 1.5 ml/min flow gives rise to 7.6 +/- 2.3 contractions per minute of variable amplitude between 12.4 +/- 5.6 mm Hg. Verapamil, in intravenous 5-mg application, significantly reduces (P less than 0.05) the number of contractions per minute but does not mitigate or block the stimulus to a subsequent Norepinefrina injection. We conclude that Verapamil has a moderate but significant effect on pyelouretheral dynamics. We comment on the effect that this drug may have on the pyelouretheral tract when used for hemodynamic purposes and on its potential use in various urological affections.