PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Sana

Publications and source records attributed to S Sana.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Socioeconomic status and breast cancer survival in Pakistani women.

OBJECTIVES: No data is available from developing countries correlating socioeconomic status (SES) with survival in female breast cancer patients. We decided to test the hypotheses whether SES is an independent determinant for disease stage, access to minimal expected treatment (MET) and survival. METHODS: Two hundred eighty six patients diagnosed with breast cancer were recruited between April 1996 to May 1998. Patients were divided into three groups according to their SES. Prognostic factors analyzed were age, tumor size, nodal status; stage at presentation, estrogen receptor status, time elapsed before diagnosis and access to MET. Disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined according to the SES of the patients. RESULTS: Patients were categorized into three socioeconomic groups, high (21%), middle (44%) and low (35%). Mean age of all patients was 46 years, in patients from lower SES mean age was 43 years compared to 50 years in high SES. Mean time elapsed before diagnosis for women from high-income group was 4.3 months versus 10.6 months in low-income group. Early breast cancer was more common in affluent strata, 70% versus 41% in the lower strata. Eighty-nine percent patients received MET from the affluent group compared to only 43% patients in the lower strata. Literacy rate of patients from high SES was 73.7% compared to 15% in the low SES. Five year DFS and OS are 79% and 86% for high income group, 48% and 68% for middle income group and 31%,49% for lower strata which were statistically significant (P=.0001 and P<.0001). CONCLUSION: In our cohort of patients strong association was noted between low SES and advanced disease, delay in diagnosis, limited access to MET and inferior DFS and OS. The outcome of these patients may be improved by patient education and availability of better health care facilities.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Institution based tumor registry from Punjab: five year data based analysis.

INTRODUCTION: There are no population based cancer registries in Pakistan except for Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR). No data from Punjab is available in the last decade. We decided to conduct a data base analysis to see the frequencies of different cancers in Punjab. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 5100 patients presenting to Jinnah Hospital between January 1997 to December 2001 with histological diagnosis of cancer was performed. A tumor registry performa on all patients was filled which included demographic data as age, sex, duration of symptoms and disease stage at presentation. All cancers were coded according to international classification of Disease-oncology (ICD-10) classification. RESULTS: Male cancers accounted for 47.7% and female cancers 52.2% of the total cases. In males the three most frequent cancers were leukemias, non-Hodgkins lymphoma and lung cancer. In females breast cancer was the most common cancer accounting for 38.5% female followed by ovarian cancer 13.6%. CONCLUSIONS: Our institution based cancer registry indicates hematological malignancies are the most common cancers in males in Punjab followed by lung and colorectal cancer. In females breast cancer is the commonest cancer followed by ovarian cancer. Gall bladder cancer is relatively more frequent in women while cervical cancer is less commonly observed in our patient population. Despite biases until population based incidences are available, studies like ours may prove beneficial for future health planning and research.

Demography↗
PubMed2001

Phase 1 trial of ifosfamide and adriamycin in metastatic breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: A Phase 1 trial was conducted in patients with estrogen negative receptors (ER) or hormone refractory metastatic breast cancer to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of ifosfamide with a fixed dose of doxorubicin. A secondary objective was to determine the efficacy of the combination in metastatic breast cancer. METHODS: Fifteen patients were entered in the study in cohorts of three patients at each dose level of ifosfamide. The dose of doxorubicin was fixed at 45 mg/m2. Five different dose levels of ifosfamide were tested ranging from dose level 1 of 1.5 gms/m2 day 1-3 to level V at 2.5 gms/m2 day 1-3. RESULTS: Dose escalation of ifosfamide was stopped at 2.5 gms/m2. The MTD of ifosfamide was 2.25 gms/m2 day 1-3 in combination with doxorubicin. All patients in the study were assessable for toxicity. Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia were the major dose limiting toxicities. Other toxicities included anemia, confusion and hematuria. Objective responses were documented in 11 of 15 patients (73.3%). Median time to treatment failure (TTF) was 13 months. Median overall survival (OS) was 18 months. CONCLUSION: The combination of ifosfamide and doxorubicin was a practical well tolerated regimen. There was substantial evidence of clinical activity in this phase I trial. This combination should be further evaluated, as an attractive alternative to taxanes for patients in developing countries where cost effectiveness is important.

Adult↗