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Biomedical subjects

S Sandhyamani

Publications and source records attributed to S Sandhyamani.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Focal occlusive disease of the common femoral artery: a report of 20 cases.

Occlusive disease localized to the common femoral artery without contiguous involvement of the external iliac and superficial femoral arteries is distinctly uncommon in vascular surgical practice. Twenty patients with focal occlusive disease in 21 common femoral arteries are featured in this report. All except one had severe disabling symptoms: Fontaine classification was stage I in one patient, stage IIb in 13, and stage III in six patients. The probable aetiology, based on clinical features and angiographic observations, was identified as atherosclerosis (nine cases), thromboangiitis obliterans (three) and Takayasu's arteritis (two). Histological features of mucoid vasculopathy, a novel disorder, was seen in one patient while no specific aetiology was evident in five patients. Associated lesions were seen in fourteen patients: aortoiliac in one, femoropopliteal in seven (without any continuity to the common femoral lesion), internal iliac in three and tibial in three. Balloon angioplasty of the common femoral artery lesions was attempted in 14 patients with successful outcome in nine. Three patients (including two with failed balloon angioplasty), underwent thromboendarterectomy and two bypass procedures (iliofemoral, one; femoropopliteal, one). Late reocclusion occurred in one patient each in the angioplasty and surgical groups. There were no procedure-related complications in either group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Disposable polyethylene wiremesh capsules for histopathological tissue processing.

An attempt was made to find a suitable alternative material for tissue carriers other than gauze and stainless steel capsules. Since polyethylene (high density) wire mesh is resistant to all acids, alkalis and inorganic chemicals and has no known solvent at room temperature, it is a suitable alternative disposable material for histopathological tissue processing purposes.

Disposable Equipment↗
PubMed1994

Intraventricular neurocytoma: a report of two cases.

Central neurocytomas are uncommon intracranial neoplasms. More than one hundred cases are documentated in the literature. In this report we describe the clinical and histopathological features in two patients with intraventricular neurocytoma. As the light microscopic features of neurocytoma resemble with that of an oligodendroglioma, it is essential to differentiate these two tumours, using either ultrastructural or immunohistochemical techniques.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Pulmonary wedge aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of recurrent tumour embolism causing pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Recurrent subacute pulmonary embolism leading to pulmonary arterial hypertension is an uncommon presentation of malignancy. We describe one such patient who presented to us with features of pre-capillary pulmonary arterial hypertension. A novel yet simple technique, involving pulmonary wedge aspiration cytology, provided the tissue diagnosis of trophoblastic malignancy, thus enabling prompt institution of chemotherapy and consequent impressive clinical improvement. This technique appears to be a hitherto unreported indication for intravascular catheterisation in the diagnostic work up of pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Multiple pulmonary-artery aneurysms due to mucoid vasculopathy--angiographic and histological observations.

Multiple peripheral pulmonary artery aneurysms were diagnosed by computed tomography and confirmed angiographically in a 7-year-old boy. On histological examination unusual mucoid vasculopathic changes were noted in the pulmonary artery aneurysms and pulmonary vasculature as a part of systemic vascular involvement. This case demonstrates a new association between mucoid vasculopathic changes and pulmonary aneurysms. Mucoid vasculopathy could represent one more disorder having a causative role in the etiology of intrapulmonary arterial aneurysms.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1993

Mucoid vasculopathy: vascular lesions in an autopsy study.

Mucoid vasculopathy is a unique, idiopathic, vascular entity observed in autopsy material at the Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India. The vascular lesions are the most prominent manifestation of a pathologic condition characterized by a generalized mucopolysaccharidosis of connective tissues found, for example, within nerve bundles in the adventitia of blood vessels and in the interstitium of such organs as the heart, lung, and kidney. Tissue deposits are accompanied by a mastocytosis. The pathology of vascular lesions observed in 44% of 131 autopsies is described. In this group, mucoid vasculopathy occurred more commonly in young males of lower socioeconomic status. Both arteries and veins are affected, particularly muscular arteries. They present a uniform concentric thickening of the intima and media, causing an apparent reduction in luminal diameter. Significant histological features include (a) large quantities of glycosaminoglycans accompanied by smooth muscle hyperplasia in the intima and media and (b) degenerative changes with mineralization of the internal elastic lamina of arteries and of mucoid material in the media. Except for the mucoid arteriopathy described in popliteal vessels in cases of idiopathic peripheral gangrene from Central Africa, which mucoid vasculopathy resembles somewhat, the latter condition is not exactly comparable to any other known vascular or connective tissue disorder.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Vasculopathic and cardiomyopathic changes induced by low-protein high-carbohydrate tapioca based diet in bonnet monkey. Vasculopathic and cardiomyopathic changes in induced malnutrition.

Mucoid vasculopathy is an entity characterized by a generalized mucopolysaccharidosis of blood vessels. It has been observed in patients from our Institute. Bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) were given low-protein normal-carbohydrate and low-protein high-carbohydrate tapioca based diets for experimental periods of 3 or 5 months. The latter diet is similar to that consumed by people from this part of India (Kerala) where mucoid vasculopathy is observed. Vascular lesions were seen in all test animals as a generalized mucopolysaccharidosis and as hyperplastic changes in intimal and medial smooth muscle cells. In 6/31 animals gross cardiac lesions were found. They consisted of biventricular hypertrophy and atrophy owning to myopathic changes and endocardial thickening. The cardiovascular lesions were enhanced in animals that received low-protein high-carbohydrate diet for a longer period. Our experiments established an etiologic role for diet, especially protein deficiency, in the induction of both vascular and cardiac changes.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mucoid vasculopathy of unknown etiology.

A new vascular disorder with generalized deposition of abnormal amounts of acid mucopolysaccharide (AMPS) material in arteries, veins, and vasanervorum has been observed in a large number of autopsies at the author's institution. It is unlike any of the known vascular diseases and has emerged as a distinct disorder of vascular connective tissue. This has been named "mucoid vasculopathy of unknown etiology." This hitherto unreported entity is described here.

Blood Vessels↗
PubMed1991

Cardiovascular effects in bonnet monkeys (Macaca radiata) of a cassava-based protein-deficient diet.

Bonnet Monkeys (Macaca radiata) were maintained for up to 5 mo on protein-deficient diets that contained tapioca starch (cassava starch) as the source of carbohydrate. The animals developed mucopolysaccharidosis of blood vessels and cardiomyopathic changes in the heart. These changes were similar to the mucoid vasculopathy and cardiomyopathy seen in Kerala where tapioca is consumed as a staple diet by a large proportion of the people. The lesions were enhanced by longer duration of feeling the diet and in protein-deficient animals given additional amounts of tapioca starch. This indicates that protein-carbohydrate malnutrition does play a role in the induction of such cardiovascular disorders.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland.

An unusual case of leiomyosarcoma of the parotid gland is reported. The tumour recurred thrice and metastasized to one of the adjacent lymph nodes. Histologically, a leiomyosarcoma in the salivary gland closely resembles a tumour of myoepithelial cells origin but lacks the dual cell morphology seen in the latter.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Splenic cyst.

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Adult↗