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Biomedical subjects

S Saxena

Publications and source records attributed to S Saxena.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Adaptation to phosphate depletion in opossum kidney cells.

Dietary phosphate restriction produces an adaptive increase in renal tubular Na/Pi cotransport. A similar adaptation occurs during phosphate depletion in opossum kidney cells, a continuous line of cultured renal epithelial cells. We investigated the cellular changes associated with adaptation to phosphate depletion in OK cells, in isolation from the complex systemic changes that occur with in vivo phosphate restriction. Phosphate depletion for up to 24 hours was associated with increases in Na/Pi cotransport activity, Na/Pi cotransporter mRNA, and Na/Pi cotransporter protein. Moreover, the increases in Na/Pi cotransport, and Na/Pi cotransporter mRNA and protein occurred at physiologically relevant degrees of phosphate restriction. The experimental results suggest that increases in Na/Pi cotransporter mRNA and protein may mediate the increase in Na/Pi cotransport activity in OK cells during phosphate depletion.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1992

A transsexual male with 47,XYY karyotype.

Transsexuals are usually found to have a normal chromosome complement. The literature to date documents four transsexuals with 47,XYY pattern. This paper reports a fertile male with major cell line of 47,XYY and a gender identity disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Immune status of children suffering from minimal change nephrotic syndrome.

Twenty five children suffering from minimal change nephrotic syndrome were studied for immunological alterations at different stages of this disease i.e., onset, relapse and remission. Changes were found mainly at onset and during relapse in the form of altered helper and suppressor cell ratio, depressed delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity reaction, decreased S-IgG bearing lymphocytes with low serum IgG concentration, and increased S-IgM bearing lymphocytes with high serum IgM concentration. Majority of these parameters returned to normal values during remission. Serum IgE was found high at all stages of this. These alterations suggest defects in cell mediated immunity resulting in secretion of some substance which modifies the glomerular anionic charges.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1992

Glomerular alterations in idiopathic haematuria--ultrastructural and morphometric analysis.

Re-evaluation of kidney biopsies has been done along with morphometric analysis of glomerular basement membrane thickness (G.B.M.) in 41 cases of idiopathic haematuria, in whom the initial routine light, immunofluorescent and electron microscopic examination had not shown any significant alterations. Extreme attenuation of G.B.M. (mean thickness of 2581 +/- 488 A) had been found in thirty one patients in contrast to mean GBM thickness of 4295 +/- 470 A found in control group. Absence of any history of familial haematuria in these patients distinguished them from hereditary nephropathies and hence categorized under the term thin basement membrane nephropathy. Follow up of these patients for upto 8 years had shown persistence of symptoms without further deterioration of renal function as well as morphology.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Cooperative B-Z transition of poly(dG-dC) induced by spermine at physiological temperature in aqueous medium.

Spermine induced B-Z transition of poly(dG-dC) in aqueous medium at and above physiological temperature, at cellular concentration levels in low ionic strength medium. The amine to phosphate ratio, A/P, at the midpoint of the transition decreases with increase in temperature. The enthalpy change was 45 +/- 8 kcal per mol of cooperative unit; the transition induced by spermine is highly cooperative with a cooperative unit length of 700 +/- 20 at 50 degrees C.

Circular Dichroism↗
PubMed1991

Classification of dissociative states in DSM-III-R and ICD-10 (1989 draft). A study of Indian out-patients.

When 42 cases of primary dissociative states from India were classified according to DSM-III-R and ICD-10 criteria, DSM-III-R was found to be unsatisfactory, with 40 (95.2%) cases receiving a diagnosis of dissociative disorder not otherwise specified. The majority fit well into simple dissociative and possession disorders. ICD-10 was found to be more satisfactory, with 36 (85.5%) patients fitting into specific subcategories, which, however, need to be defined and described more explicitly.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Storage of thawed cryoprecipitated AHF is better at room temperature than at 1 degree C to 6 degrees C for factor VIII content.

Before November 1989, both the American Association of Blood Banks and the Food and Drug Administration required that thawed cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor (AHF) should be used immediately or be stored at room temperature and administered within 6 hours. However, in November 1989, the American Association of Blood Banks changed the requirement for storage of thawed cryoprecipitated AHF from room temperature to 1 degree C to 6 degrees C, while the Food and Drug Administration still required thawed cryoprecipitated AHF to be stored at room temperature. The present study was designed to measure and compare the factor VIII activity in 10 bags of thawed cryoprecipitated AHF that were split into aliquots and stored at room temperature and at 1 degree C to 6 degrees C. At 6 and 24 hours after thawing, the mean factor VIII activities (% of normal) of the room temperature-stored cryoprecipitated AHF were 741% and 680% vs 650% and 608% for the 1 degree C- to 6 degrees C-stored cryoprecipitated AHF (P less than .05 at 6 hours and P = .11 at 24 hours). The storage of thawed cryoprecipitated AHF at 1 degree C to 6 degrees C also resulted in precipitation of both factor VIII and fibrinogen. These data show that it is better to store thawed cryoprecipitated AHF at room temperature vs 1 degree C to 6 degrees C for factor VIII activity. These data also suggest that adequate levels of factor VIII are maintained in thawed cryoprecipitated AHF that has been stored at room temperature for up to 24 hours.

Chemical Precipitation↗
PubMed1990

Scopolamine withdrawal syndrome.

As travel by air and ship becomes increasingly popular, more and more travelers are using transdermal scopolamine to avoid motion sickness. In fact, it has become almost fashionable for ocean travelers to sit on the sun deck with a patch behind the ear. This article describes withdrawal symptoms in a patient who used transdermal scopolamine beyond the recommended 3 days.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1990

The impact of screening a heterogeneous donor population for alanine aminotransferase and hepatitis B core antibody. Experience at a large southern California hospital.

To reduce the transmission of non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis, the American Association of Blood Banks (AABB) has recommended that donors be screened for elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and for the presence of antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). In this survey of 5,336 donors, the authors report the impact of using both of these surrogate tests on a heterogeneous donor population that was composed of white, black, Hispanic, and Asian donors. Hispanic and male donors had relatively high ALT levels, and black and Asian donors had a higher prevalence of anti-HBc than their respective counterparts. The overall impact of using both surrogate tests resulted in a discard rate of 12.1% with a disproportionately high percentage of Hispanic and male donors excluded because of ALT testing and black and Asian donors because of anti-HBc testing. It appears that surrogate testing has a much greater impact on blood collection facilities that rely considerably on Hispanic, Asian, black, or male donors than those that largely draw white or female donors.

Black or African American↗
PubMed1990

The risk of bacterial growth in units of blood that have warmed to more than 10 degrees C.

Most transfusion services discard unopened units of blood that have been returned to the blood bank more than 30 minutes after the issuance or have attained a temperature of more than 10 degrees C. The objective of this study was to learn the prevalence of bacterial growth, if any, in the units of blood that were exposed twice, for six hours each time, to room temperature during their refrigerated storage. All of the 396 units cultured were negative except one red cell unit that grew a Bacillus species, probably B. subtilis. Further studies suggested that the growth of B. subtilis was due to laboratory contamination. The authors concluded that more work is needed to study the bacterial growth and the effect on red cell enzymes in the units of blood that are exposed to room temperature for varying periods or are returned to the blood bank after 30 minutes of issuance. If no adverse effect is noted, the policy of not reissuing such units may need revision so that more units could be salvaged.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1990

Can storage of thawed cryoprecipitate be extended to more than six hours?

Fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and cryoprecipitate both contain Factors I and VIII, however thawed FFP may be stored at 1-6 degrees C for 24 hours, but thawed cryoprecipitate may only be stored at 1-6 degrees C for six hours when used for Factor VIII content. To determine whether it would be safe and effective to extend the storage period of thawed cryoprecipitate from 6 to 24 hours, Factor VIII (and fibrinogen) levels were measured in 25 units of cryoprecipitates immediately on thawing and at 6 hours and 24 hours thereafter. The Factor VIII activity level decreased to 86% of the original activity level within 6 hours, but the drop between 6 and 24 hours was relatively small. Eighty percent of the original activity was still present at 24 hours after thawing. The fibrinogen level decreased to 87% of the original level within 6 hours but remained stable between 6 and 24 hours. Additional testing showed that fibrinogen levels remained stable between 6 and 74 hours. These data suggested that the storage of thawed cryoprecipitate might be extended to 24 hours when this blood product is used for Factor VIII content and to 74 hours when it is used for fibrinogen content. Furthermore, the lack of prohibition on the use of cryoprecipitate that has been thawed for more than six hours and stored at 4 degrees C for its fibrinogen content seems reasonable.

Blood Preservation↗