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Biomedical subjects

S Scheller

Publications and source records attributed to S Scheller.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and its flavones on inducible gene expression in J774A.1 macrophages.

Propolis, a bee-hive product, has been used in folk medicine for centuries, and recently in modern medicine as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent. These activities would be mainly due to phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, especially flavone derivatives. The present study examined the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and selected flavone derivatives (chrysin, galangin, kaempferol and quercetin) on interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced J774A.1 macrophages. Treatment of cells with EEP significantly suppressed both IL-1beta mRNA (P<0.02) and iNOS mRNA (P<0.001) expression. The concentrations of cytokine in cell culture supernatants and cell lysates and nitric oxide (NO) generation were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. The tested phenolic compounds significantly decreased the IL-1beta mRNA level and IL-1beta protein concentration (P<0.05) (excluding galangin), iNOS mRNA level and NO production (P<0.001). The most potent inhibitor of the IL-1beta synthesis and NO generation was chrysin. These results indicate that EEP exerts its inhibitory effect on the IL-1beta and iNOS gene expression in J774A.1 macrophages at the transcriptional level. Tested flavone derivatives contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of propolis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Effect of quercetin, caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenylethyl ester, solubilized in non-ionic surfactants, on histamine release in vivo and in vitro.

A practical hindrance in using many therapeutic agents is their limited solubility in aqueous matrixes. This is usually overcome by incorporating the active compounds in a matrix, with the aid of a non-ionic surfactant. Three water-insoluble natural polyphenols with inherent biological activity, quercetin (CAS 117-39-5), caffeic acid and caffeic acid phenylethyl ester, were solubilized in water, with the aid of Tween 80 (an esterified and polyethoxylated derivative of sorbitan), Solutol HS15 (a polyethoxylated derivative of 12-hydroxy-stearic acid), Cremophor RH40 (a ricinoleic acid derivative) or Cremophor EL and the effect of the solubilized polyphenols on histamine release was studied in vitro (mast cells) and in vivo in the rat. In vivo Cremophor EL alone increased, and Tween 80 decreased histamine plasma levels. All four groups injected with solubilized quercetin exhibited a decrease in their plasma histamine levels. Caffeic acid solubilized in Cremophor RH40 decreased histamine levels, too. In vitro Tween 80 increased histamine release in a dose-dependent mode. Quercetin in vitro inhibited histamine release in all solubilizers used. It is concluded that the ability of the studied polyphenols to release histamine is not only depending on the condition of the storage vesicles in the mast cells, but also on the surfactant used to solubilize them.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Local hyperthermia of N2/N3 cervical lymph node metastases: correlationof technical/thermal parameters and response.

PURPOSE: Patients with advanced head and neck carcinomas, primarily nonresectable as well as recurrent cases, were treated in multimodality regimens with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and local hyperthermia. Commercially available microwave and radiowave applicators were used in 50 patients with N2/N3 cervical lymph node metastases during more than 250 heat treatments. To assess technical suitability, the achieved power densities and thermal parameters were tested for correlation with anatomical and geometrical factors. To assess effectiveness, the response was compared with derived parameters of the achieved temperature distributions. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The temperature measurement points (in thermometry catheters) documented by computerized tomography are labeled according to tissue depth, shielding by osseous structures, and location in relation to the external applicators. Relative and absolute specific absorption rates (SAR) and cooling coefficients are extracted from the temperature-time curves. Time-averaged temperature-position curves are evaluated to obtain index temperatures (T90, T50, T20), minimum/maximum tumor temperatures, cumulative minutes T90 > or = 43 degrees C, and 43 degrees C-equivalent min T90. Radiation dose, treatment time, and chemotherapy regiment are also considered. A response parameter is defined using the pre- and posttherapeutic tumor volumes. A multivariate variance analysis is performed for the dependent variables power density, thermal parameters, and response. RESULTS: A significant correlation exists between power density and absorption, presence of a fat layer, and applicator illumination. The maximum depth is 5 cm, where SAR of >= 10 mW/g are registered. Achieved temperatures at individual measurement points are dependent on the SAR, and to a lesser extent, the perfusion-dependent cooling coefficients, but the index temperature T90 is only significantly related to intratumorally achieved SAR. The thermal gradient (T20-T50) and temperature peak (T20) are significantly influenced by the tumor volume. The response is directly related to the index temperature T90, equivalent minute T90 43 degrees C, and cumulative minutes T90 > or = 40.5 degrees C, and inversely related to the tumor volume. CONCLUSIONS: Local hyperthermia using microwave and radiowave applicators in the head and neck region is a tolerable and clinically practical supplementary therapy used as part of multimodal regimens, and has already been proven to be effective. However, the analyses also demonstrated the limits of currently available technology, and confirm the need for continued methodical research.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Inhibition of neutrophils' chemiluminescence by ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and its phenolic components.

Ethanol extract of propolis (EEP), a natural beehive product, has been known for centuries for a variety of beneficial traditional medical properties, among which an anti-inflammatory effect is a major one. Now that most of its components have been isolated and recently identified, we tested 19 of them (all phenolic compounds) for their degree of anti-inflammatory activity. This was performed by evaluating the luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence, formed after their scavenging free radicals, generated by neutrophils that had been stimulated by phorbol myristate acetate. Caffeic-acid-phenylethyl-ester abolished the chemiluminescence completely at a concentration of 10 microM, while three flavone derivatives and three flavonols (galangin, kaempferol and kaempferid) diminished this chemiluminescence by 73-93% at the same concentration. These results indicate that some of the phenolic components of the ethanol extract of propolis are its active components in exerting its renowned anti-inflammatory activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Structure-activity relationship in the ability of flavonols to inhibit chemiluminescence.

Fourteen flavonoids were evaluated for their ability to inhibit chemiluminescence, either of neutrophils that had been briefly exposed to both luminol and phorbol-myristate acetate or to an enzymatic system with H2O2, luminol and horseradish peroxidase. Using chemiluminescence as the quantitative parameter, it can be concluded that the hydroxyl group in position 3 of the flavonols is vital for their inhibitory effect, and that two hydroxyl groups on the phenyl ring are optimal for such an effect. It was also noted that the C2-C3 double bond is essential for the flavonols' anti-oxidative effect. It is suggested that the ability of flavonols to suppress chemiluminescence is reciprocally correlated with their lipophilicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Increased risk of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in a county of Hesse, Germany.

The incidence of acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia has been compared for the two neighbouring regions of Marburg and Giessen in Hesse (Germany). The investigation was based on the incident cases of the years 1983-1989 which have been diagnosed in the hematological departments of the universities of the two regions. The epidemiological evaluation of the data has been carried out in terms of a historical follow-up study, and shows an increased relative risk for the region around Marburg with a particular elevation for one community within this region. Potential determinants are discussed and focus on trinitrotoluene (TNT) and decomposition products which are known to contaminate the soil of this community, in some places severely, due to insufficient removal of remnants of the TNT production in large underground plants during World War II.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Synergistic effect of ethanolic extract of propolis and antibiotics on the growth of staphylococcus aureus.

Ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP), known to possess marked antibacterial activity, was incubated with 8 different common antibiotics in culture medium containing a fixed amount of a standard strain of Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiotic compounds used were: penicillin G, doxycycline, streptomycin, cloxacillin, chloramphenicol, cefradine, ampicillin and polymyxin B. They were used in varying levels, ranging between 0.000005-125.0 micrograms/ml or units, resp. Firstly, their minimal inhibitory concentrations were established in the absence of EEP, than EEP was added in concentrations up to 600 micrograms/ml. EEP had a marked synergistic effect on the antibacterial activity of streptomycin and cloxacillin, and a moderate synergistic effect on the others, except ampicillin.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

Free radical scavenging by ethanol extract of propolis.

The free radical scavenging ability of an ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) was demonstrated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, when 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was treated with increasing concentrations of EEP. It was shown that the DPPH signal intensity was inversely related to the EEP concentration and to the reaction time. It is assumed that the ability of components in EEP to donate a hydrogen atom is responsible for the lowering of the DPPH-EEP signal, and reflect the anti-oxidative nature of EEP.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1990

Anti-oxidant property of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) as evaluated by inhibiting the chemiluminescence oxidation of luminol.

Ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) has remarkable medical properties, including protection of mice against gamma irradiation. Its anti-oxidative effect has been attributed to its radical scavenging ability. This manuscript demonstrates the ability of increasing amounts of EEP to inhibit luminol-H2O2 chemiluminescence in vitro, and suggests that its anti-oxidative capacity is partly due to its high content of flavonoids.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1988

Pitfalls of early diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip joint.

The efficiency of the routines for early diagnosis and treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip joint (CDH) practiced in the 1960s in the city of Göteborg were reviewed. Between 1961 and 1970 there were 65,875 live births in Göteborg. Eighty-five percent of the estimated number of cases of CDH were diagnosed during the first month of life. Of the children "missed" at the primary screening on the maternity wards, 75% (15/20) were premature babies and/or had been delivered during weekends. In all, 475 newborn children were judged to have unstable hips (dislocated or dislocatable hips), corresponding to an incidence of 7.2 per thousand live births. In 19 children, abduction treatment with braces commenced during the first 10 days of life failed to prevent dislocation. Eighteen of these children were treated primarily with a Frejka pillow and one with a von Rosen splint. A history of CDH among relatives was obtained in 47% of these 19 children including four of five children who had developed pathological hips after supplementary treatment with a hip spica cast and/or surgery. Radiological examination at the age of 1-4 months was helpful in revealing failure of early abduction treatment to prevent dislocation, which in most cases was difficult to detect by clinical examination at this early age.

Female↗
PubMed1988

The ability of ethanol extract of propolis to stimulate plaque formation in immunized mouse spleen cells.

Ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) is capable of increasing the number of plaque-forming cells in spleen cell population of immunized male BALB/c mice, demonstrating their ability to produce antibodies. The single EEP dose exerting the maximal plaque formation (a three-fold increase over control) is 500 micrograms/mouse. When this dose is repeated within 24 hours--the plaque-producing effect is even stronger, but further increases in the propolis dose or in the number of its administrations, have an inhibitory effect on the formation of the plaques. The time interval between administration of the EEP and the immunization process should not exceed 48 hours.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Free amino acids in bee hive product (propolis) as identified and quantified by gas-liquid chromatography.

Propolis is a natural resinous product collected by honey bees and containing, among other biochemical constituents, a variety of free amino acids. Acid extraction and quantification of these amino acids by gas-liquid chromatography reveals that their total concentration in this honey bee product is over 40% w/w, and that arginine and proline constitutes over 50% of the crude acid extract. As propolis was shown to stimulate mammalian tissue regeneration, we suggest that the physiological significance of arginine in the propolis product lies in its ability to stimulate mitosis and to enhance protein biosynthesis, and that the biochemical importance of proline in it, stems from its capability to promote build-up of collagen and elastin, two essential components in the matrix of connective tissues.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of the efficiency of the immune system after immunostimulation in patients with breast cancer].

67 patients with mammary carcinoma were submitted to an immunological control examination. This control comprised 14 tests which determined the efficacy of the immune systems, among others: activity of complement, properdin, lysozyme, and beta-lysin, the rate of immunoglobulins, and the behavior of leucergy, rosette tests, NBT, BLT, and tuberculin test. The thoroughly executed examinations did not show any significant difference between patients with active neoplasms and patients in remission stage. The analysis of the results achieved for patients in an advanced stage (TNM) only showed a significant increase (p less than 0.05) of IgG in stage III/IV. The patients were treated with CVF, levamisole (Decaris), and BCG. The observation period was twelve months. The results achieved were discussed in detail.

Adult↗