[Why to look for vermin?].
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Diagnosis, Differential↗
Biomedical subjects
S Schroder
Publications and source records attributed to S Schroder.
[Multiple arterial thromboses from an intracardial embolism due to a malposition of a pacing lead].
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Aged↗
[In Process Citation]
OBJECTIVE: We examined the placental transfer of the calcium antagonists Flunarizine and Verapamil and their effects on the placental metabolism using the dual in vitro perfusion of the human placental lobulus. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eight placental lobuli were perfused with either 10 micrograms/ml Flunarizine or Verapamil over 6 hours. Two perfusions without any substrate were used as control. RESULTS: The transfer of the control substances antipyrin and kreatinin was not affected by the perfusion with the calcium antagonists. Flunarizine and Verapamil crossed quickly the placental wall, but most of them were accumulated in the perfused placental tissue. Verapamil had a greater placental transfer than Flunarizine. The placental glucose consumption as well as the lactate production were not changed by both of the calcium antagonists. Flunarizine and Verapamil stimulated the placental beta HCG synthesis into the maternal circulation.
Journal Article↗
Clinical assessment of Holo-Or trifocal diffractive contact lens.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the objective and subjective performance of the Holo-Or multifocal contact lens, a new rigid gas permeable (RGP) trifocal diffractive contact lens. METHODS: Eleven experienced and two non-experienced RGP contact lens wearers participated in the study. Eleven patients were presbyopic (age range: 40-57 years) and two were aphakic (ages: 12 and 14 years). Each patient was evaluated by comparing best spectacle correction to Holo-Or multifocal contact lens correction, using the following tests of visual function: visual acuity at 6 m, 80 cm, and 40 cm; contrast sensitivity at near and distance; and depth of focus. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between best spectacle correction and the Holo-Or contact lenses. When using the contact lenses, there was an improvement in depth of focus and a small reduction in contrast sensitivity compared with best spectacle correction. Overall satisfaction and comfort was good to excellent in ten of thirteen patients. CONCLUSIONS: Holo-Or trifocal diffractive contact lenses are a satisfactory means of optical correction for patients with presbyopia or accommodative problems.
Adult↗
Adrenal cortex transplantation after bilateral total adrenalectomy in the rat.
An experimental animal model with adrenal cortex transplantation was developed to study adrenal cortex replacement therapy in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 who have had bilateral adrenalectomy for pheochromocytomas. Adrenal cortex of syngenetic rats was isolated from the medulla by collagenase digestion and a defined sedimentation. The cell suspension of the cortical cells was implanted under the kidney capsule of untreated syngenetic rats. After two weeks the recipients were bilaterally adrenalectomized. Serum corticosterone levels were measured as an estimate of function of the grafts. All recipients were healthy throughout the observation period, whereas all adrenalectomized controls died within 18 days. Vital cortex cells could be demonstrated in the explanted grafts by immunohistochemistry. Corticosterone levels of transplanted animals were nearly normal (9.5 ng/100 mL +/- 0.4) compared to the controls (0.20 ng/mL +/- 0.06). This animal model of adrenal cortex transplantation allows the separation of medullary from cortical cells. After transplantation, these cortical cells survived for eight weeks and were able to replace the adrenal cortex function.
Adrenal Cortex↗
DNA cytophotometric findings in pheochromocytoma.
Fifty adrenalectomy specimens containing normal (n = 3), hyperplastic (n = 4), or neoplastic (n = 43) medullary tissue were subjected to quantitative measurements of DNA content. Of the 43 pheochromocytomas, 16 were neoplasms inherited in the setting of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. Five of 27 sporadic pheochromocytomas followed a malignant clinical course. Follow-up data were available in 25 patients. In normal medulla and adrenomedullary hyperplasia either diploid or euploid DNA distributions were found. In contrast, 87% (33 of 38) of the benign and all five malignant pheochromocytomas exhibited nondiploid or aneuploid DNA histograms. No differences in DNA content existed between sporadic and hereditary tumors. In contrast to earlier reports, in this study DNA cytophotometry was not suitable to discriminate benign from malignant adrenomedullary tumors. In addition, DNA measurements appeared not to be a useful tool to assess the prognosis of an individual malignant pheochromocytoma.
Adolescent↗
Loperamide: a new antidiarrheal agent in the treatment of chronic diarrhea.
Twenty-seven patients with chronic diarrhea due to Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, short bowel syndrome, and idiopathic (functional) causes participated in a multiphase study (open, double blind, and long term open) of loperamide HCl, a new single entity, oral antidiarrheal agent. In the open phase of the study, loperamide effectively relieved symptoms of diarrhea in 21 of 27 patients. The average number of stools dropped from eight in the initial relapse period to two stools after 1 month of treatment (P = 0.0001). Efficacy was confirmed in the double blind and long term open phases of the study. Four patients who were not relieved while on therapy had discontinued the drug because of abdominal cramping. No other side effects attributable to the drug were observed. Loperamide has been found to be a safe and effective agent for the treatment of chronic diarrhea.
Adult↗