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Biomedical subjects

S Schuler

Publications and source records attributed to S Schuler.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Single molecule spectroscopy on the light-harvesting complex II of higher plants.

Spectroscopic and polarization properties of single light-harvesting complexes of higher plants (LHC-II) were studied at both room temperature and T < 5 K. Monomeric complexes emit roughly linearly polarized fluorescence light thus indicating the existence of only one emitting state. Most probably this observation is explained by efficient triplet quenching restricted to one chlorophyll a (Chl a) molecule or by rather irreversible energy transfer within the pool of Chl a molecules. LHC-II complexes in the trimeric (native) arrangement bleach in a number of steps, suggesting localization of excitations within the monomeric subunits. Interpretation of the fluorescence polarization properties of trimers requires the assumption of transition dipole moments tilted out of the symmetry plane of the complex. Low-temperature fluorescence emission of trimers is characterized by several narrow spectral lines. Even at lowest excitation intensities, we observed considerable spectral diffusion most probably due to low temperature protein dynamics. These results also indicate weak interaction between Chls belonging to different monomeric subunits within the trimer thus leading to a localization of excitations within the monomer. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of polarization sensitive studies on single LHC-II complexes and suggest an application for determination of the Chl transition-dipole moment orientations, a key issue in understanding the structure-function relationships.

Fluorescence Polarization↗
PubMed1994

[Psychopathology of drug dependent patients following detoxification].

Abuse of and dependence on drugs are harmful both to the individual and society. The earlier treatment is initiated the better for the patient. Acute treatment is applied on an inpatient basis and involves detoxification and a careful diagnostic work-up conducted in the sober patient. On the basis of an analysis of the patients seen in a single year at a forensic hospital, psychiatric disorders, the sequelae of dependence and organic brain disturbances are described. Addicts with accompanying neuropsychiatric diseases or mental disorders caused by a direct toxic effect or indirectly (e.g. as a result of an accident) are often not capable of taking part in rehabilitation programs for "uncomplicated" addicts. Measures aimed at the prevention of addiction must be intensified.

Comorbidity↗
PubMed1993

Basic concepts of treatment and rehabilitation of drug dependence and how they are counteracted by the legalizing debate.

Basic treatment of drug dependent patients begins with detoxification and diagnosis of drug related and drug induced diseases. The therapeutic approach has to be oriented on the career of drug addiction itself and constitutional psychopathology. Patients must undergo specialized care if the drug dependence is complicated by accompanying diseases. All patients experience a life without drugs on rehabilitation programs. Treatment is defined both by a highly structured milieu and by the intention of getting the patient acquainted to a self-determined life. Subsequently, a carefully designed follow-up program is needed. Present debates about legalization of drugs diminish the readiness of the youth to do without drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Heart transplantation in Berlin.

Since July 1983, our group experience with heart transplantation as a routine procedure now includes 346 patients. Predominant diagnosis was dilated cardiomyopathy (64%). The age range was 3 months to 68 years (mean 44.3 years). Immunosuppression has followed several evolving protocols and now emphasizes preoperative administration of cyclosporine A and quadruple immunosuppression with additional azathioprine, cortisone medication, and early postoperative cytolytic prophylaxis with rabbit ATG. We have accepted donor organs up to 55 years without coronary angiography and with very satisfying functional and late results. The diagnosis of rejection by endomyocardial biopsy has been supplemented by routine use of telemetric intramyocardial electrogram monitoring and M-mode echocardiography. Routine use of these methods has distinctly increased diagnostic safety. Eleven children between the ages of 3 months and 18 years have been transplanted with a 72% overall survival rate. Four children younger than age 8 have been followed with noninvasive methods for rejection diagnosis exclusively. A bridge to transplantation program was initiated in July 1987; 31 patients were bridged, 18 of whom could be transplanted. Thirteen patients were discharged after a mean posttransplant period of 31 days. Future development issues will include extension of donor heart criteria, noninvasive diagnosis of rejection, and increasing experience with mechanical bridging.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[The normal electrocardiogram of miniature swine].

Mean normal values for heart rate of 111 (64-190) actions/min, for duration of the PR-interval of 88 (63-120) ms, for the QRS-complex of 36 (26-46) ms and the QT-interval of 252 (183-353) ms were determined from the ECG in 204 male and female Göttinger mini-pigs (mean body weight 12.4 kg). The mean total amplitudes (voltages) of QRSI-III amount to 0.8, 0.9 and 1.1 mV. Considering leads I, II and III positive P-waves are most frequently found in II with 91% and negative ones in III with 23%. Positive T-waves appear in III with 86% and negative ones in I with 88% most frequently. The main polarity of QRS is most frequently positive in I with 56% and negative in III with 48%. The incidence of Q is highest in lead I with 71%, that one of S in II with 55%. The T-waves are mostly discordant with QRS, especially in I with 54%, more seldom concordant yet frequently in II with 30%. A significant negative correlation (r = -0.77) is evident between heart rate and QT-duration, slight negative correlations also exist between heart rate and PR- as well as QRS-duration. The mean angle a QRS from I, II, III and aVR, aVL, aVF in the frontal plane (direction of the cardiac vector; n = 35) amounts to -47 degrees (-150 degrees to +165 degrees). The position of the heart axis is more sagittal with a characteristic deviation of the electrical from the anatomical axis of the heart. Concerning the observed parameters there is also a less intraindividual variability in investigations in series besides the considerable interindividual one. Examples for physiological specialities or variations from the norm of rhythm and configuration of the ECG typical for the miniature pig are presented and discussed.

Aging↗
PubMed1983

[Follow-up control after long-term withdrawal therapy in heroin and multiple drug addicts].

A follow-up study was done in 31 rehabilitation probands who were discharged consecutively from a long term drug withdrawal centre for heroin and multiple drug addiction. Referral had been on the basis of section 64 of the penal code and a motivation for treatment had to be established first. After discharge the majority of probands could be reassessed repeatedly. A total of 180 follow-up investigations included also urinanalysis and in 170 of these cannabinoids were looked for. Cannabis was detected in only two cases. When other addictives were demonstrated in a few cases they could be attributed to codeine-containing medicines beyond doubt. Regular follow-up assessments of past drug addicts including urinanalyses serve for further stabilisation of the patients and at the same time indicate long-term success of treatment.

Cannabinoids↗
PubMed1983

Social and economic forces affecting intergenerational relations in extended families in a Third World country: a cautionary tale from South Asia.

This paper questions the implicit assumption derived from modernization theory that elderly persons in the Third World lead secure and satisfying lives because they still live in extended families. Data from elderly Hindus living in Kathmandu, Nepal, are presented and demonstrate that, although these elderly people do continue to live in extended families, social and economic changes have transformed the nature of intergenerational social relations within these families to the detriment of the elderly family members.

Aged↗
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Hospitals, Veterans↗