PubMed HealthSearch

Biomedical subjects

S Shields

Publications and source records attributed to S Shields.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

The role of ultrasound in the management of retinopathy of prematurity.

The authors reviewed the ultrasonic appearance of 54 eyes (27 patients) with advanced retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and compared the various retinal configurations with the findings at surgery. They found that ultrasound is a sensitive indicator of retinal configuration (type and degree of retinal detachment [RD]), as well as showing the existence of subretinal or choroidal hemorrhage often present in these severely affected eyes. Ultrasound is a useful modality to evaluate, document, and follow the progression of RD in ROP.

Choroid Hemorrhage

Transpupillary argon laser cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of glaucoma.

Twenty-seven patients with glaucoma, which could not be controlled with maximum tolerable medication and standard laser techniques, underwent transpupillary argon laser cyclophotocoagulation. Only six patients (22.3%) had a successful outcome, and the postoperative course in many cases was complicated by an additional, sustained increase in intraocular pressure. Notwithstanding these results, the procedure may be useful occasionally to preclude the need for conventional glaucoma surgery.

Adolescent

Developmental changes in calmodulin-kinase II activity at brain synaptic junctions: alterations in holoenzyme composition.

Synaptic junctions (SJs) from rat forebrain were isolated at increasing postnatal ages and examined for endogenous protein kinase activities. Our studies focused on the postnatal maturation of the multifunctional protein kinase designated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM-kinase II). This kinase is comprised of a major 50-kilodalton (kDa) and a minor 60-kDa subunit. Experiments examined the developmental properties of CaM-kinase II associated with synaptic plasma membranes (SPMs) and synaptic junctions (SJs), as well as the holoenzyme purified from cytosolic extracts. Large developmental increases in CaM-kinase II activity of SJ fractions were observed between postnatal days 6 and 20; developmental changes were examined for a number of properties including (a) autophosphorylation, (b) endogenous substrate phosphorylation, (c) exogenous substrate phosphorylation, and (d) immunoreactivity. Results demonstrated that forebrain CaM-kinase II undergoes a striking age-dependent change in subunit composition. In early postnatal forebrain the 60-kDa subunit constitutes the major catalytic and immunoreactive subunit of the holoenzyme. The major peak of CaM-kinase II activity in SJ fractions occurred at approximately postnatal day 20, a time near the end of the most active period of in vivo synapse formation. Following this developmental age, CaM-kinase II continued to accumulate at SJs; however, its activity was not as highly activated by Ca2+ plus calmodulin.

Aging

Reversibility of hepatic failure following jejunoileal bypass.

Jejunoileal bypass was performed in 50 morbidly obeses patients. The morbidity encountered compared favorably with that of other series. All patients manifesting hepatic failure demonstrated hyperbilirubinemia within the first three months postoperatively. Hyperbilirubinemia, if uncorrected, resulted in a mortality of 75%. Augmentation jejunal interposition was performed in three patients who demonstrated hepatic decompensation or severe electrolyte imbalance or both. This resulted in rapid correction of electrolyte disturbances, liver function measurements, and patient symptoms without significant postoperative weight gain. Persistent hyperbilirubinemia or recalcitrant electrolyte problems or both are indications for augmentation jejunal interposition.

Body Weight