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Biomedical subjects

S Shin

Publications and source records attributed to S Shin.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Plasma adenosine concentration in appropriate- and small-for-gestational-age fetuses.

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose in this study was to investigate the relationship between fetal plasma adenosine concentration and catecholamine concentration, blood gases, and pH in appropriate- and small-for-gestational-age fetuses. STUDY DESIGN: Cordocentesis was performed in 23 appropriate- and 14 small-for-gestational-age fetuses at 30 to 37 weeks' gestation for the measurement of umbilical venous blood plasma adenosine and catecholamine concentrations, blood gases, and pH. RESULTS: In small-for-gestational-age fetuses plasma adenosine concentration was higher, umbilical venous PO2 and pH were lower, and PCO2 was significantly higher than in appropriate-for-gestational-age fetuses. The elevation of plasma adenosine concentration was inversely related to umbilical venous PO2 and pH. CONCLUSION: Some small-for-gestational-age fetuses are exposed to diminished oxygen tension and acidotic blood gas values in utero. We postulate that the accompanying elevation of plasma adenosine may elicit protective adaptation during fetal asphyxia as a stress response.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1994

A quantitative approach to the loss of heterozygosity in p53 allele on detection of human cervical cancer using a BioImaging Analyzer.

The presence of HPV16 and HPV18 is believed to be responsible for the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer. As not all HPV-infected patients proceed consistently to carcinoma of the uterine cervix, it is important to clarify at the genetic level the mechanism of the disease progression following HPV infection. We recently investigated the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in p53 gene, using the quantitative Southern hybridization-incorporated Imaging Plate method with a p53 cDNA probe. According to the detection of heterozygote in p53 allele, 11 (61.1%) out of 18 patients with cervical cancer, and 4 out of 11 heterozygotes cases (36.4%) exhibited a loss of heterozygosity in p53 allele. It could be suggested that the occurrence of LOH is produced through chromosomal alteration in the tumorigenesis of cervical cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Asymptomatic pheochromocytoma: a report of three cases].

We present three cases of asymptomatic pheochromocytoma treated at Sumitomo Hospital. They had no hypertensive episode. The tumors of Case 1 and Case 3 were incidentally detected by abdominal ultrasonography at the Health Screening Center of Sumitomo Hospital. The tumor of Case 2 was incidentally detected by abdominal ultrasonography in the health examination of his company. Case 1. A 49-year-old male was hospitalized in Apr. 1992 because of further examination of a right adrenal mass. He underwent right adrenalectomy and its histological examination revealed pheochromocytoma. Case 2. A 45-year-old male was referred to our department for further examination of a left adrenal mass in Aug. 1993. On admission, endocrinological examination was almost normal. He underwent surgical removal of the tumor and its histological examination revealed pheochromocytoma. During the operation, blood pressure and pulse rate were almost unchanged. Case 3. A 51-year-old female was hospitalized in Oct. 1993 because of further examination of a left retroperitoneal mass. She underwent surgical removal of the tumor and its histological examination showed paraganglioma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1994

[Bilateral adrenal myelolipoma: a case report].

A case of bilateral adrenal myelolipoma is presented. The patient was a 40-year-old man in whom a retroperitoneal tumor was unexpectedly found by ultrasonography. Computed tomography revealed bilateral adrenal masses, 14.0 cm in diameter on the right side, and 5.0 cm on the left side, with heterogeneous low density components. Magnetic resonance imaging also revealed a high intensity mass with heterogeneity. Laboratory examination of adrenal function revealed normal results. We confirmed myelolipoma of bilateral adrenal gland, and performed right adrenalectomy, and left tumor enucleation. The right tumor was 14.0 x 12.5 x 10.0 cm in size and 920 g in weight, and the left tumor 5.0 x 4.5 x 4.0 cm in size and 50 g in weight. Pathology disclosed an admixture of mature adipose tissue and hematopoietic elements resembling bone marrow. Histopathological diagnosis was adrenal myelolipoma. This case was the 6th to be reported in the Japanese literature as bilateral adrenal myelolipoma.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1993

Generation of diacylglycerol and ceramide during homologous complement activation.

Formation of sublytic terminal complement complexes (TCC) on nucleated cells produces transient increase in [Ca2+]i and activates protein kinase C. The present study is to evaluate whether TCC can generate endogenous signal messengers other than Ca2+ that regulate cell activities by measuring mass-levels of sn-1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) and ceramide. As targets, lymphoblastoid human B cell lines JY25 and its mutant JY5 were used. JY5, cells deficient in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins with higher lytic susceptibility to human complement, are four times more efficient in forming C5b-9. When cells sensitized with limited anti-class II IgG were exposed to human serum to generate sublytic TCC, a sustained increase in DAG and ceramide was observed with a maximum 3.6-fold DAG increase over basal level in JY25 and 2.8-fold in JY5, and 6.3-fold ceramide increase in JY25 and 2.8-fold in JY5. The effect of TCC was evaluated with C7-deficient human serum (C7D) +/- C7 and also with C5b6, C7, C8, and C9 proteins. The DAG and ceramide increase by C7D + C7 over C7D control were 1.6- and 1.8-fold, respectively, in JY25, and 2.3-, and two-fold in JY5. TCC activation also induced an increased hydrolysis of sphyingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine. In addition, DAG increase by TCC was primarily achieved by C5b-7 and preincubation of cells with pertussis toxininhibited DAG increase, suggesting an involvement of a pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein. As important signal transduction molecules, DAG and ceramide generated in response to TCC assembly, could participate in cell activation during inflammation and repair.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

A sensitive and quantitative method for the determination of number of HPV 16 DNA copies by using the competitive polymerase chain reaction.

The infectivity of human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely linked to the characteristics of the epithelial lesions that it induces in the uterine cervix. In a previous study of ours, we reported that the incidence of positivity for HPV DNA increases as lesions progress toward cervical carcinoma. However, the incidence of positivity did not increase during the process of tumorigenesis from severe dysplasia to invasive carcinoma. These findings suggest that patients with invasive carcinoma had much fewer DNA copies of HPV in host cells. Based on these findings, we have prepared a HPV16 DNA standard (DNA standard) with an EcoRI restriction site by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and site-directed mutagenesis. We have also developed a sensitive quantitative method based on PCR that uses primers and competition between the patient's HPV16 DNA and an internal DNA standard for the determination of numbers of copies of HPV16 DNA. In this study, uterine cervical tissues obtained from 12 patients with invasive carcinoma were studied using competitive PCR (CPCR) to determine the number of HPV16 DNA copies. We found that the number of copies in the tissues of patients with invasive varied between 5 x 10(6) to 4 x 10(9)/micrograms DNA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Development and characterization of a novel anti-fucosylated antigen monoclonal antibody YB-2 and its usefulness in the immunohistochemical diagnosis of colorectal cancer.

A novel monoclonal antibody, YB-2 was obtained after immunization of mice with fucosylated antigens isolated from human saliva. The antibody was demonstrated to react with Y (Fuc alpha 1-->2Gal-beta 1-->4[Fuc alpha 1-->3]GlcNAc beta),Leb (Fuc alpha 1-->2Gal beta 1-->3[Fuc alpha 1-->4]GlcNAc beta) and H type 2 (Fuc alpha 1-->2Gal-beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta) antigens, but not with H type 1 (Fuc alpha 1-->2Gal beta 1-->3GlcNAc beta), Lea (Gal beta 1-->3[Fuc alpha 1-->4]GlcNAc beta), X (Gal beta 1-->4[Fuc alpha 1-->3]GlcNAc beta) or with non-fucosylated antigens. Inhibition assays of YB-2 antibody with such reactive antigens showed that YB-2 antibody preferentially reacted with Y antigen. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections prepared from normal and malignant colorectal tissues were examined immunohistochemically with YB-2. The positive rates of staining with YB-2 antibody were 88.6% in malignant and 12.0% in normal tissues. The expression of fucosylated antigens detected by YB-2 antibody seemed to be correlated with survival among patients with primary colorectal cancer. Therefore, YB-2 antibody could be useful as an immunochemical tool for diagnosis and evaluation of the prognosis of colorectal cancer.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Improved radioimmunoassay of cholecystokinin (CCK) using OAL-656 by ethanol extraction of human plasma.

In the radioimmunoassay of human plasma cholecystokinin (CCK) using an antiserum OAL-656, it has been difficult to get stable fasting values as well as prominent postprandial increase. Therefore, we tried to extract human plasma with ethanol before the radioimmunoassay, and could solve these problems, that is fasting concentrations became stable (16.7 +/- 2.5 pg/ml) (mean +/- S.D., n = 9), and CCK concentrations were augmented promptly after feeding and were kept at higher levels for a certain period.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Frequent activation of the lck gene by promoter insertion and aberrant splicing in murine leukemia virus-induced rat lymphomas.

We have analysed DNA and RNA from 36 T-cell lymphomas induced in Fischer rats by Moloney murine leukemia virus for alterations affecting the structure or expression of the lck gene. At least five primary tumors (14%) have a proviral insertion upstream of lck. In at least four of the tumors, proviral insertion increases lck mRNA levels an average of eight-fold. Overexpression of lck results from transcription initiating in the viral promoter and extending into lck sequences. Three different structures of hybrid transcript were detected. In all three, the hybrid RNAs are spliced to a normal lck splice acceptor in the first exon of lck, resulting in removal of three out of frame ATG codons which would be expected to increase the translation efficiency of the hybrid message. In one tumor, the viral splice donor is used, in one tumor, proviral insertion generates a splice donor sequence one base pair downstream of the long terminal repeat boundary, and in two tumors, a cryptic splice donor in the upstream lck sequences is used. The significance of these unusual splicing patterns and of the higher frequency of proviral insertions adjacent to lck in rats relative to mice is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Sialosyl-Tn antigen. Its distribution in normal human tissues and expression in adenocarcinomas.

In normal adult human tissues, sialosyl-Tn antigen, detected by monoclonal antibody TKH2, was uniformly found in the bronchus, uterus, salivary gland, palatine tonsil, testis, stomach, duodenum, and capillary endothelium of several organs. It was also sporadically found in the small intestine, appendix, colorectum, gallbladder, urinary bladder, skin, and esophagus. The antigen was absent in the other organs. Even in the organs showing positive findings, the antigen was observed only in the limited areas. In contrast, sialosyl-Tn antigen was expressed in a large number of adenocarcinomas in many kinds of organs. It was expressed in more than one half the adenocarcinomas of the pancreas, ovary, uterus, stomach, colorectum, and gallbladder, but not in hepatocellular carcinomas, renal cell carcinomas, and papillary carcinomas of the thyroid gland. Sialosyl-Tn antigen expression also was observed in intestinal metaplasia of the stomach and in transitional mucosa adjacent to the colorectal carcinoma, which are considered to be cancer-related lesions. These results indicate that sialosyl-Tn antigen is a useful tumor marker, especially in adenocarcinomas of the mucin-producing organs, and suggest that the regulation of sialosyl-Tn antigen synthesis in adenocarcinomas is different from that in normal tissues.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1992

Salmonella enteritidis in commercial layer farms in New York state; environmental survey results and significance of available monitoring tests.

Seven hundred fifty-one environmental samples were collected from 76 chicken layer houses in a voluntary Salmonella enteritidis (SE) survey study carried out in New York state between January 15 and April 8, 1991. SE was recovered from both houses on 1 farm. Sampling of manure pits and mice in hen houses was useful for SE screening. Phage types of SE from the environment, birds, and mice were identical. The rapid whole-blood test was unreliable, and culture of cloacal swabs was inadequate for detection of SE carriers. Culture of organs from chickens did not correlate well with results of environmental samples.

Animals↗