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Biomedical subjects

S Shuangshoti

Publications and source records attributed to S Shuangshoti.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Association of primary intraspinal meningiomas and subcutaneous meningioma of the cervical region: case report and review of literature.

A report is made of a unique combination of occurrences of primary intraspinal epidural and subdural meningiomas and primary subcutaneous meningioma in the cervical region of a 15-year-old boy. The subcutaneous meningioma was detected at birth. Review of 92 recorded cases of primary dermal meningiomas revealed that they tended to occur in young patients, with an average age of 34 years for both sexes. The female-to-male ratio was 4:5. Most cutaneous meningiomas occurred in the head and neck, and the scalp was the most common site.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Extramedullary subdural meningioma after trauma.

A 61-year-old man had an extramedullary subdural meningioma occurring close to the site of an old vertebral traumatic fracture and spinal cord injury. The tumor was discovered 3 years after the spinal trauma. This finding supports the existence of a causal relationship between trauma and subsequent tumor development. A review of the literature disclosed only one other case of intraspinal meningioma after the traumatic fracture of the spine with spinal cord compression.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Massive cerebral hemorrhage from metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.

Metastasis of hepatoma to the brain is a rare event. Even rarer is massive hemorrhage of the brain associated with metastatic hepatoma. A 57-year-old man had cirrhosis of the liver with hepatocellular carcinoma. The tumor spread to the lungs and left occipital lobe of the brain. The primary and secondary neoplasms were negative in detection of mucin, but were immunohistochemically positive to cytokeratin CAM 5.2 and KC; the finding supported the hepatocellular origin of the tumor. The metastatic tumor formed papillae in the lung and produced massive hemorrhage in the left occipital lobe. This case raised the total number of intracranial metastatic hepatic carcinomas to 34 cases. Five of 34 hepatic carcinomas metastatic to brain, including the current one, were hepatocellular carcinoma that produced massive hemorrhage.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

Intracranial primitive neuroectodermal tumors: experience of 7 cases with particular reference to survival.

A group of neoplasms consisting of undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells being capable of differentiating into either neuronal or glial line or both directions has been termed "Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNETs)". They have been shown to possess several similarities in clinical, radiological, and pathological features to the cerebellar medulloblastomas. The latter are well treated by surgical removal followed by radiotherapy. Therefore, we used the same regimen in treating 7 patients with intracranial PNETs and obtained an average survival of 28.7 months which is longer than those of previous reports. The analysis of our patients disclosed an optimistic view that the ideal prognosis of PNETs should be better than this.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Nocardiosis: report of 2 cases with review of literature in Thailand.

Two cases of nocardiosis with underlying SLE are presented. Both were female patients aged 19 and 34 years and had been treated with steroid and endoxan for some time. Death from lesions in the respiratory tract and right kidney with growth of Nocardia asteroides at autopsy was noted in the first case. The second patient exhibited fever with dyspnea and subsequent peripheral neuromuscular dysfunction. Disseminated nocardial abscesses in multiple organs including lungs, liver, spleen, lymph nodes and subcutaneous tissue were disclosed postmortem. Moreover, intravascular dissemination of the organisms had resulted in thrombosis of several blood vessels supplying the spinal cord resulting in widespread myelomalacia. Recent infarction of a few spinal nerve roots was also observed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1990

Pituitary adenomas: immunohistochemical: study of 90 cases.

Pituitary tumors from 90 patients were investigated using immunohistochemical study and the results were correlated with clinical records. There were 32 benign prolactinomas and two malignant counterparts, 13 growth hormone positive tumors. 10 corticotropic adenomas, and 10 gonadotropic tumors. Four tumors showed positivity for both prolactin and growth hormone, one prolactin and gonadotropin. An example of mixed, luteinizing hormone, prolactin and growth hormone was observed. Additionally, there was an adenoma composed of two compartments secreting prolactin and growth hormone. One patient had a recurrent gonadotropin adenoma after surgical removal of the original prolactinoma. Fifteen tumors were negative for all hormones and most were nonfunctioning clinically. The clinicopathologic correlations were found to be good for prolactinoma, growth hormone positive tumors and for tumors producing both prolactin and growth hormones causing a combined feature of hyperprolactinemia and acromegaly.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1989

Positivity to glial fibrillary acidic protein in bone, cartilage, and chordoma.

Twenty vertebral bones, 11 costal, 11 epiglottic, six tracheal, and five bronchial cartilages and seven chordomas were evaluated by the application of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) indirect immunohistochemical method for localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Positive immunostaining for GFAP was observed in osteocytes of normal bone (13/20), chondrocytes of normal epiglottis (5/11), costal cartilage (3/11), trachea (2/6), and bronchus (4/5). Four of seven chordomas had neoplastic cells that exhibited cytoplasmic positivity to GFAP. These findings suggested that osteocytes, chondrocytes, and chordoma cells have cytoskeletal intermediate filaments that are antigenically identical to or similar to or associated with GFAP.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Regional distribution of rabies viral antigen in central nervous system of human encephalitic and paralytic rabies.

We studied the distribution of rabies viral antigen in the brain and spinal cord of 7 patients with rabies by immunohistochemical techniques. Four patients presented with encephalitis, the remaining 3 had paralysis. Neither the rabies viral antigen distribution nor inflammation paralleled clinical presentations. Patients who had survival times of 7 days or less (4/7) had a greater amount of antigen-positive neurons in brainstem and spinal cord regardless of the clinical type. Neuroglial cells were also found to contain rabies antigen. Our findings suggest that virus localization may not account for the difference in clinical manifestations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Posttraumatic arachnoid cyst at the cranial base with unusual manifestations.

A posttraumatic epidural arachnoid cyst embedded within the left petrous bone of a 25-year-old woman is reported. The lesion produced clinical manifestations of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, recurrent meningitides, and neuropathy affecting all divisions of the fifth cranial nerve as well as the eighth cranial nerve on the left side. The location of posttraumatic arachnoid cyst is rare at the cranial base, and the described clinical manifestations are unique.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Intraspinal melanotic arachnoid cyst and lipoma in neurocutaneous melanosis.

A 22-year-old woman with neurocutaneous melanosis is reported in whom an intraspinal melanotic congenital arachnoid cyst and melanotic lipoma occurred at the same thoracic location. Such combined occurrence of lesions of the central nervous system, producing compression of the spinal cord, has not been noted in any previously reported case of neurocutaneous melanosis. The pathogenesis of these two unusual melanotic lesions is discussed in relation to the ectomesenchymal properties of the neural crest. The concurrent melanotic arachnoid cyst and lipoma, in juxtaposition, were demonstrated by a computed tomography scan in which the preoperative diagnosis of lipoma was possible through the density of the lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A study of 39 retinoblastomas with particular reference to morphology, cellular differentiation and tumour origin.

A series of 39 retinoblastomas was studied using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry for localization of neurone-specific enolase and glial fibrillary acidic protein. Thirty-eight retinoblastomas (97.4%) occurred in children less than 6 years of age: one was in a 61-year-old man (2.6%); the mean age, excluding the 61-year-old, was 32.1 months. Unilateral tumours were found in 74.4% of patients and bilateral tumours in 25.6%; bilateral lesions occurred in a younger age group, mean age of 21.7 vs 35.9 months. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1. Morphologically, arrangement of tumour cells into trabeculae was noted in 69.2% of retinoblastomas and glomerulus-like structures in 43.6%. These two patterns of cellular arrangement were encountered where the choroid and sclera were invaded by neoplastic cells. Homer Wright rosettes were observed in all tumours. Flexner-Winstersteiner rosettes in 33.3% and fleurettes in 2.6%. Differentiation into neoplastic neurones as well as in the form of Flexner-Winstersteiner rosettes and fleurettes was noted in 46.1%, neoplastic ependymal cells in 100.0%, astrocytes in 58.9%, oligodendrocytes in 23.1%, and glioblastomas in 2.6%. These data suggest that retinoblastoma is a primitive stem cell neuroectodermal tumour with the capacity for differentiation in both neuronal and neuroglial directions.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Intracranial metastasis of hepatic carcinomas: a study of 9 cases within 28 years.

A study was made on nine hepatic carcinomas with intracranial metastases. These cases brought a total number of reported intracranial metametastatic hepatic carcinomas to 32 instances. The secondary intracranial hepatic carcinomas formed a proportion of 1.3 to 2.9 per cent among intracranial metastatic tumors. Nine patients in this series were young with an average age of 37 years. There were five hepatocellular carcinomas and four cholangiocarcinomas. An intracranial secondary hepatocellular carcinoma in a 37-year-old man produced massive intracerebral hemorrhage. Only four cases including the current one have been described as massive intracerebral hemorrhage because of secondary hepatocellular carcinoma. Our case, moreover, had a high level of hematocrits representing a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1989

Symptomatic intraspinal genuine endodermal epithelial cyst.

An intraspinal cervicodorsal endodermal epithelial cyst occurred in a 20-year-old man who experienced sudden paraparesis at the age of 6 years and subsequently developed progressive sensory disturbances. The patient underwent repeated surgical explorations indicating that the lesion may be difficult to identify. The cyst wall consisted of the outer smooth muscle and connective tissue and the inner epithelium that produced mucin and mucopolysaccharide. The intimate association between the epithelium and smooth muscle makes the cyst wall strikingly like the wall of the digestive tract or the respiratory passage and supports the endodermal origin of the cyst which must be distinguished from the neuroepithelial cyst. The pathogenesis of the endodermal epithelial cyst is suggested to be related to congenital maldevelopment of the notochord and the primitive gut.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Phagocytosis by neoplastic astrocytes.

Cytoplasmic accumulation of granules of hemosiderin was observed in neoplastic astrocytes related to gliomas in two patients. The first patient was a 61-year-old man who had mixed oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma of the right frontal lobe of the brain. The second patient was a 17-year-old girl who had hypothalamic astrocytoma. Granules of hemosiderin had accumulated within the cytoplasm of astrocytes in both cases. In case 2, there was also an accumulation of hemosiderin in other phagocytes. The astrocytic nature of the hemosiderin-laden cells was confirmed by immunohistochemical localization of glial fibrillary acidic protein within the cytoplasm. The term "phagocytosis" was employed because of accumulation within astrocytic perikaryon of particulate material. Review of the literature discloses that various neuroepithelial derivatives such as choroidal epithelial cells, astrocytes, neurons, and ependymal cells can perform phagocytic function as revealed by accumulation of granules of hemosiderin within their cytoplasm but this finding has seldom been described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord in acute monoblastic leukemia.

A 54-year-old man who had acute monoblastic leukemia and manifestations of subacute combined degeneration (SCD) of the spinal cord is described clinically and pathologically. Infiltration of the wall of the stomach by leukemic cells may produce impairment in gastric absorption of vitamin B12 and leukemia itself may cause deficiency of folic acid. Decreased level of vitamin B12 or folic acid or both may have evoked symptoms of SCD of the spinal cord in this patient.

Demyelinating Diseases↗
PubMed1988

Primary chromoblastomycosis of the medulla oblongata: complication of heroin addiction.

A 20-year-old male heroin addict had a sudden onset of progressive medullary dysfunction and died within 12 days. Postmortem examination disclosed mycotic granulomas due to primary chromoblastomycosis strictly limited to the medulla oblongata and adjacent leptomeninges. Similar lesions were absent outside the central nervous system. Such pathologic lesions related to narcotic addiction have not been reported previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Symptomatic neuroepithelial cysts in the posterior cranial fossa. Immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic studies.

A 2-year-old boy had increased intracranial pressure and convulsions because of two extraventricular cysts in the posterior cranial fossa. Releasing the watery cyst contents resulted in disappearance of such clinical manifestations. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial cytoplasm of the cyst was strongly positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Electron-microscopically, the cells that lined the cysts had microvilli which were coated with finely granular material to represent "fuzzy" coat, intercellular junctions linking the plasma membranes of adjacent cells, and numerous cytoplasmic glial filaments. The strong positivity for glial fibrillary acidic protein, then, is well correlated with an abundance of the latter. Cilia were also identified. Thus, the cysts were unequivocally neuroepithelial (ependymal) cysts. Only nine cases of neuroepithelial cysts in the posterior cranial fossa, including the current one, have been reported. Three patients were children; six were adults. The age of the patients ranged from 7 months to 60 years. The average age was 21.7 years The sex was known in eight patients with a male to female ratio of 3:5. The pathogenesis of these neuroepithelial cysts was proposed as related to developmental anomalies.

Brain Diseases↗