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Biomedical subjects

S Skorkovská

Publications and source records attributed to S Skorkovská.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[The influence of corneal thickness on level of intraocular pressure in the group of healthy persons and patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG)].

AIM: To asses the relation between the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT), and to examine the dependence of CCT on age, sex and refraction in the control group of healthy persons (CG) and the group of patients with POAG. METHODS: The control group was formed by 42 eyes of healthy people and 20 eyes of patients with POAG. There were 26 women and 16 men in CG with a median age of 27.5 years and a median refraction of 0 D. The study group with POAG included 9 women and 11 men, with a median age of 71 years and median refraction of 0 D. The corneal thickness was measured with an ultrasonic pachymeter and the IOP with an applanation tonometer. RESULTS: A mean IOP level in CG was 15,4 +/- 5,6 mm Hg and a mean CCT level 558 +/- 42 microm. In the study group of POAG there was a mean IOP level 19,6 +/- 4,6 mm Hg, and a mean CCT level 562.7 +/- 35.7 microm. In the CG a significant positive correlation was found between CCT and IOP (p = 0.01). The dependence of CCT on sex (p = 0.92), refraction (p = 0.99) and age (p = 0.41) was not statistically significant. On the contrary, in the study group of POAG no significant correlation between CCT level and IOP level was found (p = 0.15). The dependence of CCT level on sex (p = 0.43), refraction (p = -0.08) and age (p = -0.17) was also not statistically significant. The difference in the CCT level between CG and the study group of POAG was not significant (p = 0.81). The IOP level appeared to be the only significant difference between both groups (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: The level of IOP was influenced by CCT only in the control group of healthy persons. This dependence was not significant in the group of persons with POAG.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Effect of viscoelastic substances on postoperative intraocular pressure in phacoemulsification].

The Influence of the Type of Viscoelastic Substances on the Level of Intraocular Pressure after Phacoemulsification The aim of study was to asses the influence of the type of viscoelastic substances on the level of intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. In the study group of 100 patients Viscoat was used at 32 operated eyes, Provisc at 14 eyes and Duovisc in 54 eyes during phacoemulsification and IOL implantation. IOP was measured before surgery, one day after surgery and one week after surgery. Mean IOP level 1. day postoperatively was 24.94 mmHg in the Viscoat group of eyes, 24.65 mmHg in the Provisc group and 21.09 mmHg in the Duovisc group. The type of viscoelastic substance used during the surgery significantly influenced the level of IOP in the first postoperative day. The level of IOP was significantly lower in the Duovisc group comparing to Viscoat and Provisc. The level of IOP did not differ significantly between the Viscoat and Provisc group. One week after surgery the level of IOP was not significantly different between all types of viscoelastic device. Duovisc was the most profitable viscoleastic substance in the point of view of the course of phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and postoperative level of IOP.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

[Influrence of age, gender, refraction, keratometry and disc area on the topographic parameters of the optic nerve head].

Optic nerve head (ONH) examination using the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph II was carried out in a study group of 39 healthy persons aged 42-79 years. Refraction and keratometry were measured by means of the autorefractometer. The following topographic parameters of the ONH were tested: disc area, rim area and cup area, cup/disc ratio, rim/disc ratio, rim volume, cup volume, mean and maximum cup depth, height variation contour, cup shape measure, mean RNFL thickness and RNFL cross sectional area. Influence of gender on the topographic parameters of the ONH was not found. The age significantly influenced values of the disc area, rim area, rim volume and RNFL cross sectional area. Refraction significantly influenced the parameters disc area and rim area, keratometry significantly correlated with the disc area and cup shape measure. Disc area significantly influenced most parameters of the ONH (cup area, rim area, C/D ratio, R/D ratio, cup volume, rim volume, mean and maximum cup depth, cup shape measure, RNFL cross sectional area). Our study showed that refraction, keratometry, age and disc area significantly influence many topographic parameters of the optic nerve head in the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph ONH analysis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Comparison of ultrasound and optic biometry with respect to ocular refraction after cataract surgery].

In the prospective study of 56 patients with cataract (67 eyes) the authors compared axial length biometry) regarding to postoperative refraction of the eyes. Dioptric power of the intraocular lens (IOL) was determined by SRK II. formula. The difference between predicted and actual postoperative refraction in the spherical equivalent were compared 3 months postoperatively. Axial length measured by ultrasound differed significantly from the axial length measured by optical biometry (p = 0.016). Dioptric power of IOL calculated according to the axial length measured by ultrasound was significantly different from the dioptric power of IOL calculated according to the axial length measured by optical biometry (p = 0.003). The difference between predicted and actual postoperative refraction was not statistically significant (p = 0.384) even if we considered both type of measurement. In conclusion, we found partial coherence interferometry was an accurate and reproducible method for measurement of axial length of the eye before cataract surgery. In the cases of advanced dense cataracts backup of ultrasonic biometry is still necessary.

Cataract↗
PubMed2004

[Structural analysis of the optic nerve head in healthy eyes and in eyes with glaucoma].

PURPOSE: Assess the possibilities of structural analysis of the optic nerve head by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) and its use in detection of glaucomatous changes of the optic nerve in particular. Indicate the topographical parameters that are most influenced by glaucoma and are therefore vital in early diagnosis of glaucomatous changes of the optic nerve. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Laser scanning tomography (HRT II) was used to examine 68 healthy eyes (control group) and 42 eyes with open angle glaucoma (study group). All the examined subjects were older than 35 years of age. The analysis concerned the following topographical parameters of the optic nerve head: disc area, cup area and rim area, cup volume, rim volume, cup/disc area ratio, mean cup depth, maximum cup depth, mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL), RNFL cross sectional area, height variation contour and cup shape measure and discriminant functions used for classification of the optic nerve head finding according to F. S. Mikelberg and R. Burk. Statistical analysis was employed to ascertain the significant difference in these topographical parameters for the healthy eyes and the eyes with glaucoma. This method was used for both the whole optic disc and the 6 sectors of the optic nerve head. Another aim of the analysis was also to find out the correlation between the topographical parameters and age. RESULTS: Significant difference in the topographical parameters for the whole optic disc was spotted in the following parameters: rim volume, mean RNFL thickness, RNFL cross sectional area and discriminant function FSM. Significant differences were also found in between individual sectors of the optic nerve head, except for the upper temporal and upper nasal sector. The parameter, which varied most frequently between the groups, was rim volume. Significant correlations between age and topographical parameters were found for the following parameters: rim area, cup shape measure and mean RNFL thickness. CONCLUSION: Results of our study showed, that HRT is able to distinguish between normal and the pathological findings of optic nerve head according to topographical parameters significantly different between the two examined groups. These parameters are important in the diagnosis of glaucoma and also in the follow-up of patients with open angle glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Evaluation of changes in the visual field in glaucoma during examination with white and colored stimuli].

In a group of 35 eyes with open angle glaucoma the visual field was examined by means of standard white perimetry and coloured blue-yellow perimetry. The results of the two types of examination of the central visual field were evaluated by statistical analysis where the assessed statistical parameters of the visual field of the investigated eyes with glaucoma we recompared. In the group a significant difference was found in the mean sensitivity of the retina (MS), mean loss of sensitivity (MD) and loss variance (LV) between white and coloured perimetry. The investigated indexes of the visual field in coloured perimetry differed significantly as compared with standard perimetry, i.e. the values of median sensitivity were lower and those of the mean loss of sensitivity were higher. From the results of our investigation ensues that coloured perimetry was a more sensitive method for the detection of changes of the visual field in a group of eyes with open angle glaucoma than conventional white perimetry.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Intraocular pressure in phacoemulsification].

The authors investigated changes of the intraocular pressure after non-complicated phacoemulsification with implantation of an intraocular lens of different types (OMMA, silicone, Acrysof) in 40 patients. From the results it is obvious that in some patients already 4 hours after surgery the intraocular pressure rises to an average of 31 +/- 17 mm Hg. The magnitude of the intraocular pressure was not influenced by the size of the surgical wound nor the type of intraocular lens. In values below 30 mm Hg the authors recommend merely follow up of the patients as they assume that these values have a positive impact on closure of the tunnel incision. In the differential diagnosis it is important to consider the post-operative inflammatory reaction, the absorption reaction of residual viscoelastic material, pupillary block while the lenticular capsule is intact and undiagnosed glaucoma. In values above 30 mm Hg the authors recommend administration of beta-blockers, Diluran and antiphlogistics.

Humans↗
PubMed2002

[Pseudophakic retinal detachment in relation to complications of cataract surgery].

The authors made a retrospective study in a group of 14 patients operated in 1999 on account of pseudophakic detachment of the retina (D.R.). They followed up risk factors of development of D.R. in conjunction with complications of cataract surgery. The investigated factors comprised patients sex and age, type of cataract operation and type of implanted lens, complications of cataract surgery, time interval between cataract surgery and the development of D.R., pre-operative and postoperative visual acuity and type of operation of D.R. In the group there was a significant ratio of men (71.4%), the mean age was 60.28 years and 78.6% of the patients were referred to our department. Phaćoemulsification with implantation of IOL was made in 57% of the patients, extracapsular extraction with implantation of IOL in 47%. The authors did not find a significant difference between the type of cataract surgery with regard to the development of D.R. A posterior chamber intraocular lens was implanted in 71% eyes of the group while an anterior chamber intraocular lens was used only in 29% of the eyes in the group. Complications of cataract surgery were above all ruptures of the posterior capsule (64%). Dislocation of the lens into the vitreous body during surgery was recorded only in one case (7%) a non-complicated operation of cataract was recorded in 28%, incl. one case (7%) where D.R. was preceded by laser capsulotomy. The mean time interval between cataract operation and D.R. was 20.7 months. The visual acuity before surgery of D.R. was 0.24 while after surgery it was 0.31. In 50% patients a cryosurgical procedure was used in operation of D.R., pars plana vitrectomy as the first operation of D.R. was used in 50% of the group. Adherence of the retina after the first operation was achieved in 64.2% eyes, after re-operation in 85.7% eyes. The authors did not find a significant difference between the type of cataract surgery and type of implanted lens as regards anatomical and functional results of surgery of D.R. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy and dysfunction of the photoreceptors were the main cause of anatomical and functional failure the operation of D.R. in the group. The number of pseudophacic D.R. after laser capsulotomy did not exceed the number of D.R. after non-complicated cataract surgery in the investigated group.

Cataract Extraction↗
PubMed2001

[Effect of cataract surgery on contrast sensitivity].

The authors examined in a group of patients with cataract the visual acuity on Snellen's optotypes and contrast sensitivity using Pelli-Robson's test before cataract surgery and after cataract extraction and implantation of an intraocular lens. A VF-7 questionnaire was used for subjective evaluation of the result of surgery. The values of contrast sensitivity of the pseudophakic eyes were compared with the contrast sensitivity of eyes of a age-matched control group with a natural lens. After cataract surgery and lens implantation highly significant improvement of visual acuity of the operated eye was recorded. There was also significant improvement of binocular contrast sensitivity in the study group. The authors did not detect a significant difference of the contrast sensitivity of eyes with a PMMA lens and eyes with a silicone lens. There was no significant difference in the contrast sensitivity of pseudophakic eyes and phakic eyes of the control group. The CF-7 questionnaire revealed that cataract surgery led to significant improvement of the investigated visual activities, as apparent from the subjective evaluation by the patients. However, no significant correlation was found between objective (contrast sensitivity) and subjective (VF-7 questionnaire) evaluation of cataract surgery. Only one question in the questionnaire correlated significantly with contrast sensitivity. The authors found a significant reduction of contrast sensitivity caused by an altered transparency of the lens. The decline of contrast sensitivity in eyes with cataract and relatively good vision on Snellen's optotypes is the cause of some subjective complaints of the patients and may be an important factor in indication of cataract surgery of eyes with a relatively good visual acuity.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Binocular vision after strabismus surgery in adulthood].

The authors tested preoperatively and postoperatively for binocularity in a series of 29 adults who underwent surgery for long-standing concomitant strabismus. The authors used Bagolini lenses, troposcope and Worth's lights as the tests for binocularity. The patients in whom the postoperative deviation was greater than 10 prism diopters from orthotropia were excluded. Binocularity was not find at any patient before surgery. The authors made a finding of binocularity after strabismus surgery in 14% of patients, in spite of satisfactory parallel ocular alignment in 52% of patients. The results of development of binocularity after strabismus surgery in adults were not as good in this series as the other authors found.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Color vision in pseudophakia].

The authors compare colour differentiation of 30 phakic and 30 pseudophakic eyes, using the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue test. No significant difference was found between the two groups as regards differentiation of colours although theoretically it could be expected that colour differentiation will be better in eyes with a synthetic intraocular lens. The factor which has the greatest influence on colour sense is the subject's age.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Metamorphosis of vitelliform macular degeneration].

The authors describe the case of vitelliform macular degeneration of a mother and daughter whom they followed up using different examination methods incl. electrophysiological ones and fluorescent angiography. During the observation subjective deterioration of vision occurred in the daughter which was due to transformation of the typical picture of egg yolk into a further stage of pathological changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Corneal phaeohyphomycosis caused by Wangiella dermatitidis.

A case is described of a corneal abscess of the left eye of a patient, male, 35 years, from which there was found in pure culture a mycotic micro-organism, Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis, determined also in the native preparation from the pus. The patient is feeble-minded, suffers from von Recklinghausen's disease and has an impairment of the immune system (above all the reduction of T lymphocytes).

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[Binocular vision after intraocular lens implantation].

The authors investigated the binocular function in a group of 127 patients after operation of cataract to whom an artificial intraocular lens was implanted. From the results ensues that adequate, or at least binocular vision satisfactory for human life, was restored in 82.74% members of the investigated group.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Prognosis in patients with intraocular malignant melanoma].

Based on previous work from the same department the authors analyzed risk factors in patients after enucleation of the eye with an intraocular melanoblastoma of the tunica vasculosa. Similarly as the majority of other authors, they found that the most important factors were the cellular type of the tumour, the size of the base, the site, and age of the patient.

Eye Enucleation↗