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S Smidt-Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to S Smidt-Jensen.

33 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Sampling success and risk by transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, transcervical chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis: a randomized study.

A total of 3347 women were randomized to either transabdominal chorionic villus sampling, transcervical chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis. Unless induced or spontaneous abortion had occurred, they had all completed up to 28 weeks of pregnancy at the time of analysis. No significant difference was seen between total fetal loss in the transabdominal chorionic villus sampling group and the amniocentesis group (6.2% and 6.6%, respectively, SE difference 0.92%, p = 0.01). The total fetal loss in the transcervical group was 10.1%. When the number of failed procedures and those cases which were evaluated as infeasible for the assigned method, are compared, the overall sampling efficacy is less good transcervically than transabdominally. After pooling our data with data from the Canadian randomized study and the American non-randomized study, the difference in risk between transcervical chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis was 2.1%, SE difference = 0.64%, p = 0.8.

Clinical Trial↗
PubMed1991

Amniocentesis with increased cell yield, obtained by filtration and reinjection of the amniotic fluid.

In order to increase the cell numbers obtained by amniocentesis, a new amniocentesis technique has been developed and we report preliminary results. The amniotic fluid is aspirated in the usual manner and reinjected immediately into the amniotic cavity after passage through a filter which retains the cells from the fluid. By this procedure, the cells from a relatively large volume of amniotic fluid are concentrated on the filter while only a small volume of amniotic fluid is finally removed. The method has been tested on 30 pregnant women referred for prenatal diagnosis. The mean culture time was 8.3 days and no immediate side-effects were observed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

Comparison of transabdominal and transcervical CVS and amniocentesis: sampling success and risk.

A total of 2931 women randomized to either transabdominal CVS, transcervical CVS, or amniocentesis were studied. Unless intended or unintended abortion had occurred, they had completed up to 28 weeks of pregnancy. No significant difference was seen between total fetal loss in the transabdominal CVS group and the amniocentesis group (6.5 and 6.8 per cent, respectively, SE difference = 0.92 per cent, p = 0.01). The total fetal loss in the transcervical CVS group was 10.1 per cent. After pooling our data with data from the Canadian randomized study and the American non-randomized study, the difference in risk between transcervical CVS and amniocentesis was 1.8 per cent (SE difference = 0.64 per cent, p = 0.8). When the number of failed procedures and those cases evaluated as unfeasible for the assigned method--for anatomical reasons--are compared, the overall sampling efficacy is poorer transcervically than transabdominally.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The safety of chorionic villus sampling. A synthesis of the literature.

Altogether 10 reports on the safety of chorionic villus sampling, either by the transcervical (TC) or the transabdominal (TA) approach, were reviewed and combined with our own data. After discussion of how unintended fetal loss rates are best estimated, the excess total fetal loss after TC and TA compared with amniocentesis were estimated to be 1.70% (+/- 0.65%) and practically zero (+/- 1.0%), respectively (standard errors in parentheses). The absolute risk of unintended loss after TC is +2.7% (+/- 0.7%) and after TA 1.0% (+/- 1.0%). These estimates are still too uncertain to allow precise weighting of benefits and human costs. A uniform style of reporting studies in this area is proposed.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1990

[Women's experience of chorionic villi biopsy and its significance for the course of pregnancy. A qualitative study].

Twenty-nine pregnant women and their families were questioned about how they experienced chorion villus biopsy in order to illustrate the significance of the test for the pregnancy. Semistructured interviews were carried out immediately after the test, one week later when the result was available and at ultrasonic scanning at the 18th-20th weeks of pregnancy, and these results form the basis for this study. One woman had a foetus with Down's syndrome. The remaining foetuses had normal chromosomes. The main interpretation of early foetal diagnosis and of a living foetus was positive. For the pregnant woman and her family, the main advantages were that the time of waiting for the result was reduced (as compared to the waiting time following amniocentesis) the psychological relief that the investigation can be performed early in pregnancy and that a possible termination could take place under full anaesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Chorionic villus culture for prenatal diagnosis of chromosome defects: reduction of the long-term cultivation time.

We report in detail two series of chorionic villus cultivation for prenatal chromosomal diagnosis. Chorionic villi were sampled from both first- and second-trimester pregnancies. One hundred cultures were treated with trypsin-EDTA for 2 h and collagenase overnight, (method A) and 100 were treated with trypsin-EDTA for 1 h and collagenase for 2 h (method B). Using short-term enzymatic digestion, the cultivation time was reduced from 14 days to 6 days. Sufficient amounts of metaphases of good quality were present in 93 per cent of primary cultures harvested in situ, whereas enough metaphases of sufficiently good quality were in most cases present only after subcultivation of the cultures using method A. The decrease in cultivation time obtained is probably due to a higher yield of viable cells in monocellular suspension, an increased attachment efficiency, and a more rapid attachment of single cells (within 24 h).

Chorionic Villi↗
PubMed1988

Transabdominal chorionic villus sampling for fetal genetic diagnosis. Technical and obstetrical evaluation of 100 cases.

First trimester fetal diagnosis was established in 100 pregnancies at risk by transabdominal chorionic villus sampling (TA-CVS). Forty-eight per cent of the women were 35 years or more at the time of sampling. Using the double needle technique, both the aspiration and the diagnostic success rate were 100 per cent. The mean amount of villi aspirated was 28.2 mg (10-50 mg). The mean needle time was 3 min. Vaginal spotting appeared in 2 per cent of the women. Four women had therapeutic abortion due to abnormal findings and one for social reasons. Three fetuses with normal karyotypes were lost. Excluding the therapeutic abortions, the fetal loss rate was 3.2 per cent. The fetal loss rate in the amniocentesis control group (n = 200) was 3.6 per cent. The cytogenetic diagnosis was carried out by the direct preparation technique as well as by chorion villus cultivation. All karyotypes were confirmed by lymphocyte cultures from umbilical cord blood or heel blood from the newborn or from aborted fetal tissue. Transabdominal CVS is deemed a safe and easy tool for achieving chorionic villi in the first trimester.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis after transabdominal chorionic villus sampling in the first trimester.

First trimester prenatal cytogenetic diagnosis was attempted in 350 pregnancies after transabdominal chorionic villus sampling. The cytogenetic investigation was performed using both a short-term method (24 h incubation) and cell culture. Adequate samples were obtained in 99.1 per cent and in all these cases the fetal karyotype was established. A chromosome abnormality was found in 2.0 per cent of cases. A discrepancy between the karyotype obtained after 24 h incubation and the karyotype in cell culture was observed in 2.3 per cent. Maternal cell contamination in the cultures was confirmed in 13 of 181 cases where the 24 h incubation revealed a male karyotype. Studies of culture morphology showed that colonies of convoluted cells may serve as a marker for contamination with maternal cells in culture. For the present, we recommend using a short-term method as well as cell culture for cytogenetic investigation until the problems with karyotype discrepancy and maternal cell contamination have been further clarified.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1987

A case of first trimester chromosomal mosaicism confined to the cultivation of the gestational products.

The advantages of the emergence and development of chorionic villi sampling (CVS) for early prenatal diagnosis are evident, but there are a host of new diagnostic problems caused by the use of extraembryonic tissues. We report a case in which 45X/46XY mosaicism was diagnosed by cultivation of chorionic villi and fetal cells. Direct chromosomal preparations of chorionic villi failed to diagnose the abnormality.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The use and mechanism of urinary clearance of cathodic trypsin-like immunoreactivity to creatinine clearance ratio in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

The ratio between urinary clearance of cathodic trypsin-like immunoreactivity and creatinine clearance (CTr/CCr ratio) was evaluated as a test for pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatic diseases and gastrointestinal diseases clinically mistakable for pancreatic cancer. The efficiency of the CTr/CCr ratio in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer was no better than the urinary clearances of albumin and beta2-microglobulin to creatinine clearance (CA1b/CCr ratio and C beta 2m/CCr ratio). An overall positive association was found between the three ratios. Furthermore, there was a positive relationship between proteinuria and elevation of any of the ratios--as well as between proteinuria and the degree of cancer dissemination. The latter was positively associated with elevation of any of the three ratios. The results point to a changed renal handling of proteins due to cancer disease per se as the mechanism causing elevated CTr/CCr ratios in pancreatic cancer.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transabdominal fine needle biopsy from chorionic villi in the first trimester.

A technique for sampling first trimester chorionic villi for prenatal diagnosis by transabdominal fine needle biopsy is described. Specimens of chorionic villi were obtained from 49 out of 58 women, a success rate of 84.5 per cent. No fetal or maternal complications were demonstrated in the period before abortion. The procedure is useful for obtaining fetal tissue for culturing, DNA analysis and direct chromosome analysis.

Abdomen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Transabdominal chorionic villi sampling for first trimester fetal diagnosis. First 26 pregnancies followed to term.

A consecutive series of 26 women followed to term after first trimester transabdominal chorionic villi sampling is presented. The clinical application of transabdominal chorionic villi sampling (TA-CVS) seems to have certain advantages, especially from the patients' point of view, but also in regard to successful sampling and to the complication ratio. The results in this clinical trial revealed no cases of abortions, no signs of placental damage and no cases of vaginal bleeding or infections.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the isolation and identification of fetal nucleated red blood cells in the circulation of pregnant women before and after chorion villus sampling.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of various molecular forms of hemoglobin as markers for fetal nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs). METHODS: The presence of epsilon and gamma globin positive NRBCs was investigated in pure fetal blood and in blood from pregnant women before and after chorion biopsy. Maternal samples were enriched for NRBCs by various conventional methods, including limited enrichment by only positive CD71 selection or single density gradient. We searched for fetal cells on slides by automated scanning. Fetal cells were defined by (1) the presence of epsilon or gamma globin and (2) simultaneously by the presence of a Y chromosome signal. RESULTS: 18 of 25 gamma globin positive cells identified in blood samples after chorion biopsy were chromosome Y signal positive, and 1 cell had two X chromosome signals. 263 of 339 epsilon globin positive cells identified in blood samples after chorion biopsy were hybridized with X and Y chromosome probes. None had two X signals, and 249 were Y positive. In blood samples before chorion biopsy, only 1 epsilon globin positive fetal NRBC and no epsilon globin positive maternal NRBCs were found. CONCLUSIONS: Epsilon globin may be specific for fetal NRBCs. Only 1 epsilon globin positive fetal cell was identified in 1 of 12 blood samples before chorion biopsy, representing a total of 182 ml of maternal blood. This suggests that most fetal cells found in maternal blood by fluorescence in situ hybridization methods may not be NRBCs.

Antibody Specificity↗