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Biomedical subjects

S So

Publications and source records attributed to S So.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Clinical experience of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for cystine calculi].

Thirty patients (16 men and 14 women) with cystine urinary stones were treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (Dormer HM-3) from December 1984 through October 1989. The average patient age was 35.2 years with a range of 14 to 59 years. Seventy per cent of these subjects had had previous open surgical operations for stones. The cases consisted of 7 ureteral stones and 37 renal stones, including 15 staghorn calculi. An average of 1.3 session of ESWL was carried out to treat ureteral stones. Thirty-seven renal units with renal stone required 96 sessions of lithotripsy (average 2.6 sessions per unit). Seven patients with ureteral stones required auxiliary procedures, i.e., one transurethral lithotripsy (TUL), two percutaneous nephrostomies (PNS) and one open surgery. Thirty-seven renal stones, including staghorn calculi was treated by ESWL and auxiliary treatment of 21 TUL procedures, one PNS, 16 PNL procedures and one chemical chemolysis. Successful fragmentation (residual debris less than or equal to 4 mm) was achieved in 85.7% of ureteral stones, 90.9% of renal stones and 73.3% of staghorn calculi. The stone free rates of patients with ureteral stones, renal stones and staghorn calculi were 71.4%, 50.0% and 53.5%, respectively, at 3 months after ESWL. No serious complications were seen in this series. Fever above 38.5 degrees C was the most common complications (13.5%). Ureteral perforation was encountered once in TUL procedures. Transfusion and selective arterial embolization were needed for one case treated by PNL procedures. Although cystine stone is harder to be fragmented by ESWL than other stone composition, ESWL and endourology may be effective and safe procedures for cystine stone patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Three-dimensional SEM study of arteriovenous anastomoses in the dog's tongue using corrosive resin casts.

Arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) participate in the regulation of blood flow. Although it has been speculated that AVAs in the dog's tongue play a role in the regulation of the body temperature, no published work is available on the structural characteristics of AVAs in the dog's tongue. The purpose of the present investigation was therefore to determine the frequency of AVAs and their structural characteristics by the fabrication of vascular corrosive resin casts and examination under a scanning electron microscope. This method permitted not only the visualization of the three-dimensional characteristics of AVAs, but also a clear differentiation between arterioles and venules. The total number of AVAs in the mucosal lamina propria of the dorsum of the left tongue half was 2,292. Several essential types such as S-shaped, hook-shaped, straight, bibranching and Y-shaped AVAs were observed, of which the S-shaped and similar types constituted the overwhelming majority; Y-shaped types have never been reported heretofore. This study also revealed that the locations where AVAs were most often distributed were, in descending order of frequency, the tip, the corpus and the root area of the tongue. This high frequency and strategic location of AVAs in the tongue strongly indicate that AVAs of the dog's tongue participate in the thermal regulation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Phagocytosis of different matrix components by different cell types at bone-forming sites in cultured mouse calvariae.

Sites of bone formation on fragments of parietal bone of fetal-mice cultured for 10 days were examined by electron microscopy after addition of either ruthenium red or ferrocyanide to the postfixation fluid. Osteoclasts, osteoblast-like cells, and macrophages were the principal active cells at these formation sites. The mononuclear cells (osteoblast-like cells and macrophages) in the osteoid tissue showed evidence of having incorporated elements of calcified tissue. Osteoblast-like cells had phagocytized collagen fibrils and calcified bone matrix. This occurred more frequently in the calcifying area. Mononuclear macrophages showed not only phagocytosis and digestion of cellular debris and bone spicules in the osteoid, but also active incorporation of calcified bone matrix that had been detached from its surroundings by its pseudopod-like projections from long cytoplasmic processes. Collagen fibrils were seldom observed within the macrophages. These observations suggest that in our culture system osteoblast-like cells and macrophages at bone formation sites have a phagocytic role in bone remodeling.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Hematoporphyrin derivative photocytotoxicity of human glioblastoma in cell culture.

The parameters of hematoporphyrin-derivative (HpD) photocytotoxicity of human glioma cells in cell culture were studied to determine the optimum wavelength and power density of light, to investigate the influence of tissue oxygenation, and to evaluate the role of singlet oxygen and free radicals in producing cell death. Cell survival curves demonstrated a relative killing efficiency of 12:1 for violet compared to red light. Eighty joules of red light were required to produce 100% cell kill at an HpD concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, a level of HpD that has been quantitated in biopsies from patients receiving HpD photoradiation therapy. No difference in cellular killing efficiency was observed for power densities of red light varying from 10 to 100 mW/cm2. Cytotoxicity was directly related to O2 tension from 12 to 490 torr with a slight but consistent increase in cell kill at O2 tensions from 7 to 12 torr. Cytotoxicity was effectively quenched by beta-carotene, whereas mannitol had no effect, indicating that cytotoxicity is probably mediated via a mechanism involving singlet oxygen. This information may serve as a basis for more effective application of HpD photoradiation therapy and for designing protocols to study the efficacy of such therapy.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1985

Fibrinolytic activity of middle ear fluid in otitis media with effusion.

In order to investigate the prolonged factors of otitis media with effusion, hydrolytic activities for specific substrates of plasmin and plasminogen activator (P.G.-activator) and the activity for fibrin degradation (fibrinolysis) were measured. Materials were middle ear fluids of 36 cases diagnosed as unilateral otitis media with effusion. Age of the patients were from 28 to 88 years old (mean: 61.3). Using specific substrates, determinations of P.G.-activator activity and plasmin activity were made by the method of Claeson et al. and fibrinolysis was determined by the standard fibrin plate. The results are shown below: 1) Both activities for decomposition of amide against the specific substrates of plasmin and of P.G.-activator were revealed. 2) Concerning fibrinolysis in all cases, we divided them into 3 groups; fibrinolysis (-) group of 8 cases (22.2%) which could not dissolve fibrin at all, fibrinolysis (+) group of 17 cases (47.2%) which could dissolve fibrin. Fibrinolysis (+/-) group of 11 cases (30.6%) of which the presence of fibrin dissolution was unknown. 3) The progress of fibrinolysis was observed by serial collection of middle ear fluid in the same side ear of 5 cases out of 17 cases having much activity for fibrin degradation, and lowering of fibrinolytic activity was revealed in 4 out of these 5 cases as the result. On the basis of these results, we discussed on the process of prolongation in this disease from the standpoint of the presence of fibrinolytic activity in the middle ear fluid.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Postprandial plasma secretin response in patients following gastrectomy.

Endogenous secretin release and luminal pH changes after a test meal were investigated in five normal persons and in 22 patients after gastrectomy and various anatomic reconstructions, such as Billroth I and II anastomoses after subtotal gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y and interposed jejunal anastomosis after total gastrectomy. In patients in the Billroth I group, the response of postprandial secretin was good if the duodenal pH was below 4.5 but it was less than that of normal persons. After the Billroth II operation, even when the jejunal pH was below 4.0, the response was much less than that for the Billroth I group. After the complete abolishment of gastric acid secretion by total gastrectomy, no postprandial secretin response was noted in patients with the Roux-en-Y anastomosis. However, a response was seen in patients with interposed jejunal anastomosis, even though it was less than that for those in the Billroth I group and in normal persons. We conclude that the impairment of endogenous secretin release may be an important factor in pancreatic dysfunction after gastrectomy, and we suggest that a Billroth I operation after subtotal gastrectomy and interposed jejunal anastomosis after total gastrectomy are better procedures than the Billroth II or Roux-en-Y anastomoses to obtain endogenous secretin release.

Duodenum↗
PubMed1980

HBV markers in Chinese in Hong Kong.

A study was carried out on 779 hospital patients in the Orthopaedic and Paediatric Unit of Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong. Patients who had no clinical evidence of liver disease, previous history of transfusion with blood or blood products and no major surgery in the past were entered into the study. Markers of previous exposure to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) were HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs (radioimmunoassay) were done. The results showed that (a) Chinese living in Hong Kong are exposed to HBV infection throughout life (b) horizontal transmission is the dominant mode of transmission and (c) cpronic HBsAg carriers probably do not carry HBV for life but may clear HBs antigenaemia with age.

Adolescent↗