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Biomedical subjects

S Somers

Publications and source records attributed to S Somers.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Benign oesophageal papillomatosis. A case report with a review of the literature.

An 18-year-old boy presented with a four-year history of dysphagia which had been treated repeatedly by endoscopic removal of papillomata of the oesophagus. Eventually, due to increasing dysphagia and repeated recurrences of the papillomata, resection of the affected lower third of the oesophagus was deemed necessary. The resected segment of the oesophagus was carpeted with numerous benign squamous papillomata. The clinical features, radiographic appearances, and pathology of this extremely rare tumour are presented. Only two acceptable cases of oesophageal papillomata can be found in the literature, making this the third case, and apparently the only one with multiple lesions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

The relationship between scholastic progress and nutritional status. Part I. A study of 488 school beginners.

The reading progress of 488 Chatsworth Indian school beginners, in relation to their nutritional status, was assessed. It was found that the majority of the children were grossly growth-retarded and some 90% of them could be classified as slow learners. The significance of these findings is discussed. It is recommended that dietary supplementation be introduced for preschool as well as for school-going children in communities where growth retardation is prevalent.

Achievement↗
PubMed1977

The effect of acid-stimulating and inhibiting drugs on the ultrastructure of gastric parietal cells in man.

The ultrastructure of the human parietal cell at rest, after stimulation of gastric acid secretion by pentagastrin and after inhibition with propantheline or cimetidine, an H2-receptor antagonist, was studied. On stimulation there was an increase in the total secretory surface area of the gastric gland and canaliculus, with a concomitant decrease in the tubulovesicular system. On inhibition there was a decrease in the secretory surface area and a corresponding increase in the tubulovesicular system. These results are in agreement with other reports and support the hypothesis that during secretion of acid the tubulovesicular system increases the secretory surface by eversion or fusion of the vesicles and tubules with the plasmalemma. On inhibition there is thought to be reformation of the tubulovesicular system by pinocytosis. There is also ultrastructural evidence for the theory of membrane flow between the tubulovesicular system and the microvilli of the canaliculus and gastric lumen. Furthermore, there was an increase in lysosomal activity after the administration of the inhibiting drugs. It is suggested that the increased lysosomal activity could be involved in reducing the quantity of membrane after the membrane flow which occurs on gastric acid inhibition.

Depression, Chemical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Premature contraction of the cricopharyngeus: a new sign of gastroesophageal reflux disease.

BACKGROUND: A cricopharyngeal bar seen on barium fluoroscopy has been shown to be related to the presence of gastroesophageal reflux (GER). We investigated premature contraction of the cricopharyngeus (PCC) muscle, which may be a precursor of a fixed cricopharyngeal bar, to assess its significance in GER. METHODS: The prevalence of PCC on barium swallow was recorded in three groups: (1) 83 patients with non-cardiac chest pain who were investigated for possible GER; (2) 21 patients with severe GER undergoing fundoplication; and (3) 25 normal controls. RESULTS: Group 1: PCC was observed in 42 of 77 with documented GER (54.5%), and in two of six patients without GER. Group 2: PCC was present in 11 of 21 fundoplication subjects. Group 3: PCC was seen in five of 25 normal controls. The incidence of PCC in patients with GER was statistically significantly higher than in normal subjects (p = 0.002). The sensitivity of the presence of PCC as a predictor of GER is only 0.54, but the specificity is 0.774, with a positive predictive value of 0.883. CONCLUSION: We conclude that observing premature cricopharyngeal contraction during the first swallows of an upper gastrointestinal (GI) study should direct attention to the possibility of GER.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Digital subtraction in defecography.

BACKGROUND: Defecography is commonly used in investigation of pelvic floor and anorectal dysfunction, and incorporates measurement of pelvic floor movement during various maneuvers. These measurements are usually referenced to bony landmarks, particularly the ischial tuberosities. These bony landmarks may be difficult to visualize; theoretically, the use of digital subtraction in filming defecography studies should eliminate the need to pinpoint bony position. METHODS: We filmed 25 defecogram studies in both non-subtracted and subtracted formats, and interpreted each study blindly, subsequently comparing diagnoses and measurements. RESULTS: Subtraction was of limited benefit in only one case, was impossible in one case, added no useful information in 18 cases, and hindered visualization of abnormalities in five cases. CONCLUSIONS: Because of the multiple overlapping densities and the inability to restrict patient movement, digital subtraction is unhelpful in defecography.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of anorectal Crohn disease: a pictorial essay.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has proved useful in the evaluation of perianal and perirectal lesions resulting from Crohn disease. On T1-weighted MR images, sinus tracts and fistulas are hypointense due to their fluid content; on T2-weighted images, their signal intensity depends on their fluid content and the degree of surrounding fibrosis. Other pathologic entities, such as abscesses in the ischioanal fossa, may become evident at MR imaging even though they remain hidden at digital examination. Rectal wall thickening and perirectal inflammatory changes are often seen at MR imaging of the pelvis. The multiplanar capability of MR imaging greatly facilitates the detection of fistulous tracts that extend into the supralevator space. MR imaging can be helpful to both the surgeon and the gastroenterologist in the assessment of perianal and perirectal complications arising from Crohn disease and, when necessary, in the planning of surgical intervention. MR imaging also recommends itself to the patient because it is noninvasive and does not cause discomfort.

Anal Canal↗