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Biomedical subjects

S Sonkodi

Publications and source records attributed to S Sonkodi.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Simultaneous occurrence of persistent hematuria (thin basement membrane nephropathy) and light-chain proteinuria (benign monoclonal gammopathy) in a middle-aged male].

IgG lambda type of monoclonal gammopathy and thin basement membrane nephropathy were established in a middle-aged man examined because of persistent haematuria, lambda light-chain proteinuria and moderately diminished renal function. A 10% level of plasmocytosis was verified by bone-marrow aspiration. The more than 6-year follow-up showed the gammopathy to be benign. The thin basement membrane nephropathy was verified by electronmicroscopic analysis of renal tissue obtained by percutaneous renal biopsy: lamina densa of the glomerular capillaries thinned to 30-100 nm. In spite of the usually good outcome of thin basement membrane nephropathy, in this case it was accompanied by glomerular sclerosis, subsequent destruction of nephrons, hypertensive vascular alterations and a clinical deterioration of the renal function after 4 years. A rebiopsy excluded the possible complications (amyloidosis, non-amyloid immunoglobulin nephropathy, cylinder nephropathy, etc) of light-chain proteinuria.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Secondary membranous glomerulonephritis].

Following 689 percutaneous renal biopsies, membranous glomerulonephritis was proved in 68 patients. In 16 (23.5%) an underlying primary disease was verified, and thus the glomerulonephritis the secondary form. The primary disease was SLE in 5 cases, diabetes mellitus in 5 cases, rheumatoid arthritis in 3 cases, chronic active hepatitis in 2 cases, an ulcerative colitis and eosinophilic angiolymphoid hyperplasia in 1 patient. As initial sign, nephrotic syndrome emerged in 87.5% of the 16 cases. Microscopic haematuria was observed in half of the patients, as was hypertension, while acute renal failure presented in only 1 case. Histologically, in 13 cases the predominance of early glomerular alterations was characteristic, while in 9 cases the picture proved to be equivocal and accompanied by some degree of interstitial alterations. During combined treatment, remission was achieved in 75%. Two patients with SLE died, but not as a consequence of renal failure. Transient side-effects of the treatment were registered in 5 cases. The principal pathogenetic and clinical differences between the individual secondary nephritis forms, and the difficulty of their differentiation from the idiopathic cases, even on repeated examination, are emphasized. In 3 patients the possibility of secondary renal processes was suggested by the histological picture, and this was proved by the detailed clinical findings.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of chronic alcohol consumption on blood pressure].

In 1984, a hypertension screening programme was carried out on 13,772 adult subjects in conjunction with a radiological tuberculosis project in the Hungarian town of Csongrád. Among other factors, the effects of a long-lasting and heavy alcohol intake on blood pressure levels were investigated. 21.4% of the men and 2.3% of women admitted to being regular alcohol consumers. Direct and significant relationships were found between the quantity of alcohol consumed and both the systolic (p less than 0.001) and diastolic (p less than 0.05) blood pressures. The prevalence of hypertension (WHO criteria) was higher in heavy drinkers (29.9%) than in abstinent subjects (20.5%, p less than 0.001). When participants were subgrouped according to age groups only the men provided sufficient data. The systolic blood pressure of heavy drinkers was elevated as compared with that of non-drinkers.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1990

Effects of nephrectomy on hypertension, renin activity and total renal function in patients with chronic renal artery occlusion.

Eight hypertensive patients (5 men and 3 women, aged between 31 and 64 years) with chronic total occlusion of one renal artery were observed for the past ten years. The peripheral plasma renin activity (PRA) and the renal vein PRA ratio (mean 3.18) were abnormally high in all cases. Because of the small size of the affected kidney (less than 9 cm in length), nephrectomy was the chosen treatment. Postoperative investigations revealed decreases in blood pressure (from 202/118 to 147/93 mmHg), peripheral PRA (from 6.05 to 1.05 ng/ml/h; P less than 0.001), serum creatinine (from 188.8 to 145.1 mumol/100 ml) urine volume (from 1937.5 to 1214.3 ml) and increases in endogenous creatinine clearance (from 36.57 to 53.0 ml/min). The results suggest that, apart from the decrease in blood pressure, the nephrectomy led to the disappearance of a factor which depresses the renal function in cases of chronic renal artery occlusion and which may be related to the renin-angiotensin system.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Hypertension screening in a dental surgery: a Hungarian study.

Blood pressure screening measurements were made on 1,004 consecutive patients attending a dental surgery in the city of Szeged. Twenty-four per cent of the adults were found to be hypertensive by WHO criteria (blood pressure greater than 160/95 mmHg), of whom 35% were unaware of their disease. Forty-two per cent of those receiving antihypertensive drug treatment had inadequately controlled blood pressure. Thirty-seven per cent (217) of the women (total 597) used oral contraceptive pills, of whom 37% (85) had stopped taking them previously. The blood pressure was higher and hypertension was more frequent in 'pill' users. This phenomenon seems to be at least partially reversible.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Glomerulonephritis in diabetics].

Diagnosis of glomerulonephritis (GN) is rare among diabetics and few data relevant to this issue can be found in literature. In Institute of Pathology of "Szent-Györgyi Albert" University of Medicine the presence of GN was found in cases during the examination of renal biopsy material of 36 diabetics. All patients have suffered from diabetes mellitus of 2nd type and of less than 10 year existence, requiring no insulin treatment. In 2 cases diffuse diabetic glomerulosclerosis associated with GN. It is emphasized that kidney biopsy and its complex--light and electronmicroscopic and immunhistological--examination are essential to the diagnosis of GN of diabetics.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Hypertension screening in a Hungarian town.

In conjunction with a radiological tuberculosis project, a hypertension screening programme was carried out in 1984 on 13,772 people (74% of the eligible adult population) in the Hungarian town of Csongrád. In the younger age groups the blood pressure was found to be higher amongst men, whilst in older groups the women had higher blood pressures. By the WHO criteria, systolic hypertension was detected in one-third of the population and diastolic hypertension in one-sixth. Of the hypertensive patients detected, 34% were previously unaware of their diagnosis. The prevalence of hypertension was elevated particularly amongst obese persons and in the sub-group of physical (blue collar) workers aged over 60 years. There was a significant correlation between alcohol consumption and both systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Hypertension was found in 29.9% of heavy drinkers but in only 20.5% of moderate drinkers or total abstainers.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Long-term effects of steroid and cytostatic treatment on the clinical course of idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis (retrospective study).

The clinical course of 30 patients with idiopathic membranous glomerulonephritis has been followed up for 8.1 +/- 3.4 (4-17) years. First, in each case a long-term prednisone treatment was administered. During this therapy 12 (40%) patients improved and 9 had remission. In the 18 (60%) steroid resistant cases the treatment was combined with cytostatic drugs. After a combined regime for 1.9 +/- 0.8 years, 8 patients have improved, 2 of whom remitted. It has been suggested that due to a long-term immunomodulator therapy the level of urinary protein excretion might be reduced in 77% of patients. There was no effect of the applied treatment in 7% of cases, still in 16% a gradual deterioration was observed. Relapsing nephrotic syndrome has occurred in 3 (10%) of the total cases. Side effects requiring cessation of treatment were not observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Comparison of BAY e 5009 (nitrendipine) with dihydralazine in Wistar rats with experimentally induced nephritis.

Chronic administration of nitrendipine (N) prevented the development of serious renal damage in Wistar rats with experimental glomerulonephritis. This effect is in sharp contrast with the action of dihydralazine (D). In the two treated groups, the blood pressure levels were in the same range and had returned to values of about 140 mm Hg. The heart rate and the increase in body weight were identical. Daily urinary protein excretion was significantly lower in the N-treated rats (p less than 0.001). During the experiment, 4 of the 12 D-treated and 6 of the 12 untreated animals died. In contrast, all of the N-treated rats survived. Their blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were significantly lower (p less than 0.01). Histologically, all untreated nephritic animals and three of eight D-treated rats revealed severe arteriopathy in the large vessels of the kidney and focal calcification of the glomerular and tubular basement membranes. Neither vascular changes nor basement membrane calcification were found in the kidneys of the N-treated group. These results suggest the direct renal prophylactic effect of N by prevention of the cellular calcium overload and the extracellular deposition of calcium.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Plasma renin activity and electrolyte and water metabolism in normal and in genetically hypertensive (Okamoto) Wistar rats.

The electrolyte and water metabolisms and plasma renin activity (PRA) were investigated in genetically hypertensive (Okamoto) and in normotensive Wistar rats. The water intake, PRA, urine volume, urinary Na excretion and Na/K ratio were all found to be smaller in the genetically hypertensive rats than in the controls. No relationship could be demonstrated between PRA values and water intake.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Experience with captopril treatment.

Experience with the use of foreign (Capoten Lopirin; Squibb) and Hungarian (Tensiomin; EGIS) captopril preparations is reported. It was found that the first dose of captopril resulted in a larger blood pressure decrease in hypertensive patients with a high blood renin level. A linear correlation was observed between the blood renin level before treatment and the captopril induced blood pressure decrease following the first dose. Captopril monotherapy lowered the blood pressure effectively without significant pulse rate change in patients whose blood pressure was difficult to influence with combined treatment containing no captopril. This paper reports on the area of indications and side-effects of the drug.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1987

Membranous nephropathy accompanied by angiolymphoid hyperplasia of the skin.

A 24-year-old female developed a painless swelling adjacent to the left ear. This was shown to be eosinophilic angiolymphoid hyperplasia (ALH). Three months later she developed a nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed membranous nephropathy. This is the first non-Japanese case of dermal eosinophilic ALH and nephrotic syndrome; steroid treatment followed by surgical removal of the tumour resulted in complete remission in the renal lesion.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Correlation of the fibrinogen level with blood pressure and plasma renin activity in rats with early Goldblatt hypertension.

Goldblatt hypertension was induced in rats by constricting the renal artery on one side. In one group of animals the contralateral kidney remained untouched (two-kidney hypertension), while in the other it was removed (one-kidney hypertension). In the two-kidney hypertension group, renin activity was higher than in the control animals, the fibrinogen was normal both in arterial and venous blood while in one-kidney hypertension the PRA was normal, but the fibrinogen was increased. A close significant correlation could be demonstrated between blood pressure and fibrinogen.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

The effect of polyethylene glycol by gavage on electrolyte and water excretion in the rat.

The effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 200 administered by gavage on electrolyte and water excretion were investigated in the rat. PEG 200 led, in intact rats, to dose-related increased drinking and to diuresis. In the first 2 h after PEG 200 administration, water consumption in intact rats exceeded urine output. PEG 200 enhanced the excretion of both sodium and potassium, but the sodium excretion was proportionately greater, resulting in an elevation of the urinary sodium/potassium ratio. Bilateral nephrectomy was not accompanied by increased drinking in PEG 200-treated rats, although raised serum osmolality was seen. Thus, given by gavage, PEG 200 is not an inert vehicle for drug administration.

Animals↗