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Biomedical subjects

S Stray-Pedersen

Publications and source records attributed to S Stray-Pedersen.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Early pregnancy termination with mifepristone and misoprostol in Norway.

OBJECTIVES: Medical abortion was first introduced in Norway in April 1998. The aims of this study were to assess the efficacy, side effects, and acceptability of medical abortion using mifepristone orally and misoprostol vaginally in a Norwegian population. DESIGN: The study included the first 226 pregnant women with gestational age of <63 days who requested nonsurgical abortion during the first year in the first Norwegian hospital using this regimen. METHODS: All women received a single dose of mifepristone 600 mg orally, followed at 48 hours by 800 microg misoprostol vaginally. Treatment outcome and complications were the principal outcome measures. We also measured the rates of side effects such as abdominal pain and bleeding and the women's acceptability of treatment. RESULTS: Abortion was successful in 95%, surgical evacuation became necessary in 4%, and the pregnancy continued in one woman. During the study period the method was chosen by 23% of those requesting abortion before 63 days amenorrhea; 80% would use the method again; 81% would recommend it to a friend; in retrospect, 69% would not have been willing to be randomly allocated to either a medical or a surgical method. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of orally administrated mifepristone and vaginally administrated misoprostol is an abortion method that is both effective and safe, has few side effects and is well accepted by Norwegian women.

Abortifacient Agents, Nonsteroidal↗
PubMed1997

Characterization of the vasodilatatory response to serotonin in human umbilical arteries perfused in vitro. The influence of the endothelium.

In most preparations of human cord arteries perfused in vitro, infusion of 10(-7) M of serotonin leads to a biphasic pressure response starting with a transient minor vasodilatation followed by a dominant vasoconstriction. In some preparations, however, the vasoconstrictive part of the response with this dose of serotonin is less pronounced or completely absent, whereas the dilatation is stronger and more prominent. The present study deals exclusively with experiments on cord arteries displaying the latter type of serotonin reactivity, and was undertaken in order to characterize the relaxing effect of serotonin, and in particular, the role of the endothelial layer. This was accomplished by studying the response pattern before and after treatment with different drugs or removal of the endothelium. The vasodilatatory action of serotonin was found to be abolished following treatment with methysergide, significantly reduced after denudation (P <0.05), slightly reduced after exposure to methylene blue or N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (non-significantly), but not affected by indomethacin. The results suggest that the relaxing effect is mediated by specific serotonin receptors and that endothelium-derived substances, possibly including nitric oxide, are involved.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1995

Effect of phenazone (antipyrine) on the prostanoid formation in human umbilical arteries perfused in vitro.

The influence of phenazone on the production of prostacyclin and thromboxane in human umbilical arteries was investigated by in vitro perfusion. With perfusate concentrations ranging from 10(-7) to 10(-4) M a decrease in the formation of both prostanoids was observed. The inhibitory effect of phenazone on prostanoid formation was found to be equal to that of indomethacin.

Antipyrine↗
PubMed1993

Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome with manifestations in the vulva.

The blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare vascular disorder, manifesting with hemangiomas which are usually located in the gastrointestinal tract and/or in the skin. These lesions can cause local, sometimes severe bleedings or cosmetic problems. This report describes a young woman with BRBNS manifestations on the buttocks and in the vulva, the latter giving rise to symptoms specific to this location. The blood-filled blebs were successfully treated by argon laser. As far as we know, manifestations of this disease in the female genital tract have not previously been described.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of endothelin-1 on vascular tension in human umbilical vessels.

The effect of endothelin-1 on vascular tension has been investigated in human umbilical cord vessels perfused in vitro and compared to that of serotonin. Both autacoids induced vasoconstrictions in the arteries and in the veins, all responses being clearly dose-dependent. Endothelin-1 was found to be most potent, eliciting visible pressure changes in concentrations of 10(-11)-10(-10) M. The responses to 10(-9) M endothelin-1 in the veins increased markedly at repeated stimulations. In the arteries a potentiating effect on the serotonin response was observed after exposure to 10(-11) M of endothelin-1. The results signal that the peptide may be of significance in the regulation of umbilicoplacental blood flow.

Dose-Response Relationship, Drug↗
PubMed1991

Vasoactive effects of intra- and extravascular serotonin, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in human umbilical arteries.

The effect of serotonin, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha on the vascular tension in human umbilical arteries has been investigated during in vitro perfusions. All autacoids induced dose-dependent biphasic pressure responses when added to the perfusate. When added to the extraumbilical fluid, serotonin induced monophasic vasoconstrictory responses, whereas PGE2 and PGF2 alpha did not elicit significant changes except for minor pressure oscillations in some experiments. The results obtained suggest a contributory role of the endothelial layer in the action of these autacoids on the smooth muscle tension.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1991

The influence of extra-umbilical serotonin, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha on prostanoid production in human umbilical arteries.

The influence of extra-umbilical applications of serotonin and prostaglandins PGE2 and PGF2 alpha on the endogenous production of prostacyclin and thromboxane in human umbilical arteries was registered during in vitro perfusion by use of specific radio-immunoassays. PGE2 and PGF2 alpha caused significant dose-dependent increases in the production of prostacyclin, but no specific alterations in that of thromboxane. Serotonin did not lead to any changes in the prostanoid formation. The results provide indirect support for the assumption that prostanoids synthesized in the vessel wall, predominantly in the endothelial cells, serve as mediators in the action of autacoids on vascular smooth muscle tension.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1990

Prostanoid production in umbilical arteries from preterm and term deliveries perfused in vitro.

The endogenous prostanoid production in human umbilical arteries from gestational stages between 192 and 290 days was investigated using an in vitro perfusion technique. The outflow concentrations of prostacyclin and thromboxane (measured as their stable metabolites 6-keto-PGF1 alpha and TXB2), PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were determined by RIA-methods. The production of all four prostanoids was found to increase with the duration of pregnancy. The formation of prostacyclin was always dominating, followed by PGE2, PGF2 alpha and thromboxane.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

CQP 201-403, a new dopamine agonist in the treatment of hyperprolactinemia.

Current drugs used for hyperprolactinemia may have severe side effects. Effects and side effects of a new propylergoline derivate (CQP 201-403 SANDOZ) have been evaluated. Twenty-four otherwise healthy women (21-44 years) with hyperprolactinemia (35-318 micrograms/l) without extrasellar extension of pituitary adenomas took part in a randomized, double-blind study. Fasting prolactin levels measured on day 7 was significantly decreased when compared with day 1 (P less than 0.05) in all CQP groups, to 78% with 0.005 mg daily, to 40% with 0.015 mg daily, and to 27% with 0.025 mg CQP per day for one week. The levels in the control group did not change (96%). The area under the curve of the prolactin day curve (1-8 h after drug administration) decreased significantly (P less than 0.05) at all doses when day 7 was compared with day 1, to 77% with 0.005 mg, to 51% with 0.015 mg, and to 37% with 0.025 mg CQP. No change was seen in the control group (96%). Four patients (one on 0.005 mg, one on 0.015 mg, and two on 0.025 mg) experienced orthostatic hypotension while standing blood pressure was to be measured on the first day of treatment, and they had to lie down. CQP 201-403 lowers prolactin levels in hyperprolactinemic women at all doses employed. The effect was seen after the first dose of treatment, and lasted for at least 24 h. The adverse reactions are few and tolerable, and might be less than with current bromocriptine therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Altered prostanoid formation in human umbilical vasculature in response to variations in oxygen tension.

Prostanoid formation in human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro was assessed at different oxygen tensions. At an atmosphere of 5% oxygen the production rate of prostacyclin (measured as 6-keto-PGF1 alpha) was higher, while those of thromboxane A2 (measured as TXB2), PGE2 and PGF2 alpha were lower than with 20%, 50% and 95% oxygen. The stimulatory effect of angiotensin II on prostanoid production was found to be independent on the prevailing oxygen tension. Vascular formation of prostanoids thus seems to be at least partially affected by the ambient oxygen tension. Though altered oxygen tension does not seem to affect angiotensin induced prostanoid formation, the action of other vasoactive agents influencing vascular formation of prostanoids may respond differently to hypoxia or hyperoxia.

Female↗
PubMed1986

Formation of prostanoids in human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro.

Four major prostanoids (6-keto-PGF1 alpha, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and TXB2) were measured by specific radioimmunoassays in the outputs from human umbilical vessels perfused in vitro. As evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) only few blood platelets were attached to the vessel wall. After an initial flush with decreasing concentrations of all four prostanoids, a stable stage was reached, lasting for 4-5 hours. During this stage the production could be inhibited by indomethacin and only slightly stimulated with arachidonic acid. The TXA2 synthetase inhibitor UK 38485 depressed the TXB2 production, while only slightly affecting the other three prostanoids at very high concentrations. The arteries produced relatively more 6-keto-PGF1 alpha than did the vein.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1986

Effects of vasoactive autacoids on different segments of human umbilicoplacental vessels.

Effects of serotonin, prostaglandin E2, prostaglandin F2 alpha, U 46619 (a thromboxane A2 mimetic) and angiotensin I and II on the perfusion pressure were studied on vessel segments from human umbilical arteries, placental arteries and the umbilical vein during in vitro perfusions. All drugs were found to induce vasoconstriction. Serotonin displayed strong vasoconstrictor potencies in all vessel segments, whereas the responsiveness to the other autacoids differed greatly in the various segments. In the umbilical artery prostanoids were most potent in the juxtafetal segment, whereas angiotensin I and II displayed greatest effects in the juxtaplacental segment. The results lend additional support to the concept that angiotensins and prostanoids are of importance in the regulation of fetal extracorporeal blood flow.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1986

In vitro perfusion studies on human umbilical arteries. I. Vasoactive effects of serotonin, PGF2 alpha and PGE2.

A method was developed for the assessment of in vitro perfusion of the umbilical cord arteries. A perfusion pressure of 60-80 mmHg gave flow rates ranging from 30 to 40 ml/min per artery. Serotonin, PGF2 alpha and PGE2 were added to the perfusate and tested for vasoactivity. All substances induced a dose-dependent vasoconstriction. Serotonin proved to be the most potent vasoconstrictor. The minimum dose required to induce visible pressure responses was 10(-9) - 10(-8) M of serotonin and 10(-7) M of PGF2 alpha and PGE2. When adding methysergide to the perfusate, the serotonin response was abolished, while the effects of the prostanoids remained unaltered.

Dinoprost↗
PubMed1986

In vitro perfusion studies on human umbilical arteries. II. Effects of prostacyclin and a thromboxane A2 mimetic.

Vascular effects of a thromboxane A2 mimetic, U46619, and prostacyclin on human umbilical arteries have been investigated by in vitro perfusions. Administration of U46619 invariably induced vasoconstrictory responses which were found to be dose-dependent and consistently stronger than those observed with other prostaglandins (e.g. PGF2 alpha and PGE2). Infusion of prostacyclin alone did not lead to significant alterations in the arterial perfusion pressure. However, when prostacyclin was introduced after a constriction with U46619 had been established, a transient pressure decrease was observed. When both drugs were introduced simultaneously, the U46619 response was suppressed. This suppression was partial and dependent on the PGI2 concentration.

15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of the responses to serotonin and prostanoids in human umbilical arteries perfused in vitro.

In order to characterize the action of some vasoactive autacoids on the umbilical artery, pressure responses of serotonin, PGE2, PGF2 alpha and U46619 (a thromboxane A2 mimetic) have been investigated during in vitro perfusion. Serotonin, PGE2 and PGF2 alpha caused biphasic responses in which both the dilator and the constrictor phases were found to be dose-dependent. Indomethacin or SQ 29.548 (a thromboxane A2 receptor antagonist) did not affect the response to serotonin, whereas indomethacin reduced or abolished the vasodilator and vasoconstrictor action of PGE2 and PGF2 alpha. U46619 induced monophasic pressor responses which were abolished by SQ 29.548. The results indicate that PGE2 and PGF2 alpha, but not serotonin, interfere with the local production of vasoactive prostanoids. The altered synthetic activity modify the responses to PGE2 and PGF2 alpha in the umbilical artery.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic↗