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Biomedical subjects

S Sultan

Publications and source records attributed to S Sultan.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Treatment of Alzheimer's disease: hopes and reality.

The relative failure of symptomatic therapeutic trials for Alzheimer's disease using non-selective cholinergic agonists brings about the need for longitudinal studies with parallel designs aimed at disease stabilization, using trophic substances or amyloid suppressors.

Alzheimer Disease↗
PubMed1990

Antiepileptic drugs in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced supersensitivity psychosis.

1. Supersensitivity psychosis (SSP) has emerged as a potential side-effect of long term neuroleptic therapy similar to tardive dyskinesia. 2. Five schizophrenic patients with SSP and considered to be drug-resistant were treated with antiepileptic drugs. All 5 improved initially, and in three the improvement was maintained at follow-up. 3. The proposed mechanism of action of the antiepileptic drugs is through correcting a pharmacological kindling effect in the limbic system which results from chronic neuroleptic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chylous ascites in cirrhosis. Retrospective study of 20 cases].

Chylous ascites is a rare complication of cirrhosis. We report 20 cirrhotic patients with chylous ascites seen between 1976 and 1989. Hepatocellular carcinoma was associated in 2 cases and, in 5 cases, chylous ascites followed surgery (portosystemic shunt in 4 cases). Chylous ascites was spontaneous in the 13 other cases. Prevalence of chylous ascites was 1.1 p. 100 in the cirrhotic population with ascites observed between 1983 and 1988. Chylous ascites, whether spontaneous or postoperative, was almost always refractory to medical treatment (16 of 18 patients). Treatment by Le Veen shunt was unsuccessful in 4 patients and lead to infection in 2 cases. Four of 6 patients treated by portocaval shunt died during the first postoperative month. Repeated paracentesis should be preferred, but this can be complicated by malnutrition. Seven of 10 alcoholic cirrhotics with spontaneous chylous ascites and 2 of 4 patients with postoperative chylous ascites died during the year following diagnosis. In view of this poor prognosis, hepatic transplantation should be considered early in selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Chylous ascites in adults: etiological, therapeutic and prognostic aspects. Apropos of 35 cases].

Chylous ascites is a rare disease which often poses difficult problems in diagnosis and management. We reported a series of 35 patients with chylous ascites, seen between 1976 and 1989. Diagnosis of chylous ascites was made on: (1) a milky appearance of ascites; (2) an ascitic concentration of triglycerides higher than in serum and higher than 1.5 mmol/l. Incidence was about 1/8 850 admissions. Cancers (mainly lymphomas and abdominal carcinomas), cirrhosis and retroperitoneal surgery accounted for more than 90 p. cent of cases. In all cases of cancer the tumor was extensive, and the prognosis was poor with a one year mortality rate of 80 p. cent. The two postoperative chylous ascites without cirrhosis were cured, after treatment with medium chain triglycerides in one case, and surgical repair in the other case. Chylous ascites in cirrhosis, spontaneous or after porto-systemic shunt, became refractory in 13 of 15 patients, and the one year mortality rate was high (69%).

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Treatment of supersensitivity psychosis with antiepileptic drugs: report of a series of 43 cases.

Supersensitivity psychosis has emerged as a potential side effect of long-term neuroleptic therapy that may be similar to tardive dyskinesia. Schizophrenic patients with supersensitivity psychosis and considered to be drug-resistant were treated with anti-epileptic medication. Forty-three separate trials were conducted on a total of 35 patients. Over half improved on clinical global impression, some of them considerably. We propose that antiepileptic drugs ameliorate supersensitivity psychosis and so-called "drug-resistant" schizophrenic patients by correcting a pharmacological kindling effect in the limbic system which results from chronic neuroleptic therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Use of prophylactic antibiotic in clean surgical cases--a prospective trial of various regimens.

In a randomised controlled prospective trial, different antibiotic regimens were evaluated as prophylaxis in wound infection following elective surgical procedures. Four hundred and four consecutive cases were divided in four groups. Two groups were allotted two different conventional postoperative antibiotic regimens while the fourth group received short term perioperative antibiotic; group one served as control. A higher frequency of postoperative wound infection was observed in the controls. Results showed reduction in gross infection in only group III where short term perioperative antibiotic was used. Combination of penicillin and streptomycin were not found effective, and low infection rate was observed with Cephamendole used perioperatively.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1986

Renal bicarbonate handling in low birth weight infants during metabolic acidosis.

We studied the fractional excretion of bicarbonate (FE HCO-3) in 10 low birth weight infants aged 1-6 days during metabolic acidosis (base excess greater than or equal to -5 mEq/l) and during subsequent sodium HCO-3 infusion. The mean birth weight was 1,095 g; the mean gestational age was 29 weeks. The ability to decrease urine pH to less than 5.5 and FE HCO-3 to less than 1% during metabolic acidosis was not limited by low gestational age or birth weight. After HCO-3 therapy, all infants corrected their negative base excess, and plasma HCO-3 increased significantly. All infants with blood pH less than or equal to 7.22 or PaCO2 greater than or equal to 50 mm Hg had minimal or absent FE HCO-3. Infants with elevated PaCO2 and mild or absent acidosis also had complete HCO-3 tubular reabsorption. These results suggest that the HCO-3 tubular reabsorption is adequate during metabolic and/or respiratory acidosis in low birth weight infants.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1980

Psychopathological assessment of child-abusing, neglecting, and normal mothers.

The authors attempted to differentiate groups of abusing, neglecting, and normal mothers on the basis of clinically familiar dimensions of psychopathology. Using the Current and Past Psychopathology Scales (CAPPS), two psychiatrists conducted standardized interviews and blindly assessed 60 subjects. Although the current section of the CAPPS failed to discern more psychopathology in the maltreating parents, a multiple discriminant analysis of 18 past summary scales significantly distinguished the three groups and correctly reclassified 63.3 per cent of the mothers. The neglect group obtained high ratings on the Neurotic Childhood scale, whereas abusers showed greater disturbance on Disorganized and Anger-Excitability.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Nursing audit.

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Aged↗