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Biomedical subjects

S T Norvell

Publications and source records attributed to S T Norvell.

8 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Radionuclide imaging of primary renal-cell carcinoma by I-131-labeled antitumor antibody.

A goat antibody against human renal-cell carcinoma reacted on immunofluorescence with renal-cell carcinomas from 20 patients, but not with normal adult human tissues, including kidney. After i.v. administration the I-131-linked antibody showed preferential tumor localization in six of seven patients with primary renal carcinoma. Labeled antitumor antibodies may have the specificity for tumor imaging that current radiopharmaceuticals lack.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Immunochemotherapy of malignant melanoma with chlorambucil-bound antimelanoma globulins: preliminary results in patients with disseminated disease.

Thirteen consecutive patients with inoperable recurrent malignant melanoma were treated by immunochemotherapy with the use of chlorambucil noncovalently bound to goat or rabbit antihuman melanoma globulins. The next consecutive 11 patients fulfilling the criteria for admission into this study were treated with chemotherapy only, i.e., dimethyltriazenoimidazole carboxamide (DTIC). Follow-up was for a minimum of 29 months or until death. Two patients showing an objective response to immunochemotherapy had disease confined to lymph nodes and cutaneous sites; 5 others showed stabilization of cutaneous, nodal, and visceral disease, and 6 patients showed progression of their disease. The median survival of the responders and stabilizers was 20 months, but only 3.5 months for patients with disease progression. None of the 11 patients treated with DTIC had objective tumor regression, and all died within 11 months of the start of treatment with a median survival of 3 months. Immunochemotherapy significantly prolonged the survival compared to that in the DTIC-treated group (P less than 0.05). No hematologic or renal toxicity was detected after immunochemotherapy, but 2 patients in this group developed anaphylactic reactions. Skin reactivity tests to dinitrochlorobenzene and purified protein derivative were of no prognostic value

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Prophylactic node dissection for malignant melanoma.

The value of prophylactic node dissection was studied in 147 patients with nonsuperficial malignant melanoma of cutaneous origin; all had clinical stage I disease. Seventy-three patients had prophylactic node dissection and 74 did not. Survival rates were calculated by the actuarial method and were age and sex adjusted. Five-year crude survival rates for these two groups were 62 and 29%, respectively, and the adjusted rates were 70 and 33%, respectively. These significant differences (P less than 0.001) were maintained at 10 years. The difference in survival in the two groups cannot be explained on the basis of age, sex, year of operation, size or location of the primary tumour, or previous incisional biopsy. It is concluded that prophylactic node dissection contributed appreciably to increased survival in this study.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Active immunoprophylaxis and immunotherapy in two mouse lymphoma models.

Injections of appropriate numbers of irradiated tumor cells produced antibodies against tumor cell-surface antigen(s) in both syngeneic tumor models studied: the early transplant generations of the spontaneous L2 lymphoma in AKR/J mice and the chemically induced EL 4 lymphoma in C57BL/6J mice. No antibody was detected in normal or nonimmunized tumor-bearing mice. Tumor inhibitory or enhancing activity was not demonstrated by these antibodies. Immunoprophylaxis or cell-mediated immunity against the L2 lymphoma was not observed after injections of irradiated L2 cells and/or BCG into AKR mice. However, injections of irradiated EL 4 cells alone were effective in immunoprophylaxis against as many as 10(6) EL 4 cells and in immunotherapy against 10(2) EL 4 cells per mouse. The addition of BCG injections made immunotherapy with irradiated EL 4 cells effective against a load of 10(4) EL 4 cells/mouse, though BCG alone was not effective for immunoprophylaxis against EL 4 cells. Resistance to EL 4 could be transferred with viable syngeneic peritoneal or nucleated spleen cells. In both tumor models, an ongoing delayed hypersensitivity reaction to BCG alone apparently did not inhibit bystander tumor cells even when tumor cells were mixed before inoculation with viable BCG. In neither tumor model were concanavalin A-coated tumor cells more potent for immunoprophylaxis than were irradiated tumor cells alone.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Antibody as carrier of 131I in cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Cell-surface localizing heterologous antibodies against mouse EL4 lymphoma, Ehrlich ascites carcinoma, and several human malignant tumors could be bound to varying amounts of 131I without interfering with the reactivity of these antibodies with their respective tumor cells. Exposure of the mouse tumor cells to radio-iodinated antitumor antibodies in vitro, or the injection of radio-iodinated antitumor antibodies into mice preinoculated with tumor cells resulted in either partial or complete tumor inhibition depending upon the amount of 131I activity carried by the antibodies. Injection of comparable amounts of the immunoglobulin alone or of 131I bound to normal globulin did not cause any tumor inhibition. Intraperitoneally injected radio-iodinated anti-EL4 antibody was found to localize preferentially in the subcutaneous transplants of EL4 lymphoma. Similar localization of intravenously injected radio-iodinated antibodies was observed in the metastases of two cancer patients.

Animals↗