The incidence of complications after the double-catheter technique for cannulation of the right internal jugular vein in a university teaching hospital.
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Catheterization, Central Venous↗
Biomedical subjects
S T Reeves
Publications and source records attributed to S T Reeves.
Base-pairing properties of N4-methoxydeoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate during DNA synthesis on natural templates, catalyzed by DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli.
N4-Methoxydeoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate (mo4dCTP) was synthesized by reaction of dCTP with methoxyamine and then purified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and used to analyze the specificity of mo4dCMP incorporation during polymerization on natural templates, catalyzed by DNA polymerase I of Escherichia coli. Elongation of synthetic 5'-32P-labeled primers, annealed to single-stranded DNA of bacteriophage M13, was carried out in the presence of only three of the four normal dNTPs; then, reaction products were displayed by high-resolution gel electrophoresis and visualized by autoradiography. By measuring primer elongation in each of the four "minus" reactions with and without added mo4dCTP, we examined the specificity of mo4dCMP incorporation at different positions along the M13 template. The results of this experimental approach indicated that (i) mo4dCTP is utilized most readily (although at low efficiency) in place of dTTP during DNA synthesis, (ii) the analogue can also replace dCTP during primer elongation, although at barely detectable efficiency, and (iii) the ease at which both mo4C.A and mo4C.G pairs are formed during DNA synthesis on natural templates is markedly influenced by the nucleotide sequence of the template.
Base Sequence↗
Tranexamic acid reduces bleeding after cardiopulmonary bypass when compared to epsilon aminocaproic acid and placebo.
UNLABELLED: Perioperative bleeding following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is associated with increased blood product usage. Although aprotonin is effective in reducing perioperative blood loss, excessive cost prohibits routine utilization. Epsilon aminocaproic acid (EACA) and tranexamic acid (TA) are inexpensive antifibrinolytic agents, which, when given prophylactically, may reduce blood loss. The present study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of TA and EACA in reducing perioperative blood loss. METHODS: The study population consisted of first-time CABG patients. Patients were allocated in a prospective double-blind fashion: (1) group EACA (loading dose 15 mg/kg, continuous infusion 10 mg/kg per hour for 6 hours, N = 20); (2) group TA (loading dose 15 mg/kg, continuous infusion 1 mg/kg per hour for 6 hours, N = 20); (3) control group (infusion of normal saline for 6 hours, N = 19). RESULTS: Treatment groups were similar preoperatively. No significant difference in intraoperative blood loss or perioperative use of blood products was noted. D-dimer concentration was elevated in the control group compared to the EACA and TA groups (p < 0.05). Group TA had less postoperative blood loss than the EACA and control groups at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively (p < 0.05). TA had reduced total blood loss (600 +/- 49 mL) postoperatively compared to EACA (961 +/- 148 mL) and control (1060 +/- 127 mL, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: TA and EACA effectively inhibited fibrinolytic activity intraoperatively and throughout the first 24 hours postoperatively. TA was more effective in reducing blood loss postoperatively following CABG. This suggests that TA may be beneficial as an effective and inexpensive antifibrinolytic in first-time CABG patients.
Aminocaproic Acid↗
A randomized double-blind trial of chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine versus midazolam/acetaminophen in the sedation of pediatric dental outpatients.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate in a randomized, double-blinded fashion the sedative and behavioral responses of children undergoing pediatric dental procedures as outpatients and who had received a combination of either oral chloral hydrate 50 mg/kg, not to exceed 1 gm, with hydroxyzine 25 mg (Group 1); or oral midazolam 0.5 mg/kg with acetaminophen elixir 10 mg/kg (Group 2). The children were rated according to sleep, movement, crying and overall behavior at preselected intervals that included presedation, introduction to the operating suite, injection, and overall behavior. There were no statistical differences between the two groups in regards to age, weight, length of procedure, or sex. Group 1 was more asleep in the later time intervals (P < 0.05). Their were no statistically significant differences between the groups in relation to the overall evaluation for the procedure. In conclusion, midazolam/acetaminophen is as effective as chloral hydrate/hydroxyzine in the sedation of young children undergoing outpatient dental procedures.
Acetaminophen↗