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Biomedical subjects

S Takayasu

Publications and source records attributed to S Takayasu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Growth stimulation of normal melanocytes and nevocellular nevus cells by gastrin releasing peptide (GRP).

In order to know the possible effects of gastrin releasing peptide (GRP) on nevus cells and melanocytes, we studied the effect of GRP on the proliferation of cultured human nevus cells and normal melanocytes. MTS assay showed that GRP stimulated the growth of viable melanocytes at 1000 ng/ml. GRP also stimulated the growth of nevus cells in a dose dependent manner and maximum stimulation was obtained at 100 ng/ml of GRP. GRP was less effective for growth stimulation of normal melanocytes than nevus cells. The cytoplasm of nevus cells were positively stained by polyclonal anti-GRP antibody. We also detected the expression of GRP and GRP receptor mRNAs in these cells by RT-PCR. These results suggest that GRP acts as an autocrine growth factor for nevus cells and normal melanocytes.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1998

Merkel cell carcinoma: report of three cases.

Three cases of Merkel cell carcinoma are reported: Case 1 on the upper eyelid with regional lymph node metastasis, Case 2 with spontaneous regression after repeated biopsies, and Case 3 presumably developing on the lesion of pre-existing Bowen's disease. In Case 2, the biopsy specimen was characterized by numerous apoptotic cells in the periphery of the tumor nests surrounded by lymphocytic infiltration. In Case 3, the tumor developed after injury to the pre-existing lesion of Bowen's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

A case of rudimentary meningocele.

A 2-year-old girl had an alopecic, atrophied macule on the midline of the occipital area. X-ray and CT scan of the scalp revealed no underlying bone defect. Histologically, the whole dermis and subcutis showed dense, hyalinized collagen bundles intermingled with cuboidal, epithelioid cells that surrounded pseudovascular spaces or gathered in clusters. These flattened or cuboidal cells were positive for anti-vimentin antibody; some of them were also positive for an anti-epithelial membrane antigen antibody, but negative for antifactor VIII-related antigen and Ulex europaeus I lectin.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1997

Increased levels of IL-13 mRNA, but not IL-4 mRNA, are found in vivo in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Previous studies using in vitro systems with various stimuli have shown that PBMC from patients with AD show increased levels of IL-4 but decreased levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) compared with PBMC from normal controls. However, in vitro conditions do not always mimic the in vivo condition. We therefore believe that it is important to quantify the expression of these cytokines in freshly isolated PBMC. This study examines the expression of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL- 13 mRNA in freshly isolated PBMC from adult patients with AD, from patients with psoriasis vulgaris and from healthy adults, using the semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method. Levels of IFN-gamma mRNA were significantly lower in PBMC of patients with AD than in controls. IL-4 mRNA levels did not differ significantly between groups. Conversely, levels of mRNA for IL-13 were significantly greater in PBMC of patients with AD than in controls. An increase in IL-13 expression may regulate the in vivo synthesis of IgE in patients with AD.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Human genital melanocytes as androgen target cells.

As some parts of human skin - such as genital and areolar skin - become pigmented after puberty, melanocytes in these regions are thought to be sex hormone target cells. We immunohistochemically localized androgen receptors in the nuclei of cultured human genital melanocytes by monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies. When these cells were incubated with [1,2-3H]-testosterone, the major metabolite in the medium was dihydrotestosterone and 5alpha-reduction predominated over 17beta-oxidation. Androgen receptor and type I 5alpha-reductase mRNAs could be detected in genital melanocytes by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The tyrosinase activity was stimulated by the addition of androgen. This stimulation was antagonized by cyproterone acetate, whereas tyrosinase mRNA expression was not affected by androgen. These results indicate that human genital melanocytes are androgen target cells, and that androgen plays a role for pigmentation in the specific regional skin after puberty.

17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases↗
PubMed1997

Dermatomyositis associated with primary intramuscular B cell lymphoma.

A rare case of dermatomyositis associated with primary intramuscular malignant lymphoma is described. A 40-year-old Japanese woman noticed swelling of the right thigh during the treatment of dermatomyositis with prednisolone, azathioprine and cyclophosphamide. A biopsy specimen taken from the right quadriceps muscle revealed infiltration of lymphoma cells which were positive for CD20. We reviewed 12 cases of dermatomyositis associated with malignant lymphoma reported in Japanese literature between 1984 and 1996.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Perineural and neural involvement in skin cancers.

BACKGROUND: Malignant skin tumors rarely spread along nerves. Complete resection of involved nerves is often unsuccessful. OBJECTIVE: In the treatment of tumors with perineural invasion, surgeons should accurately estimate the extent of distant spread. METHODS: We report six cases of skin cancers, including two basal cell carcinomas, two squamous cell carcinomas, and two neurotropic malignant melanomas, that invaded nerve or perineural spaces. RESULTS: In three of the cases, the tumors developed on the face and involved the infraorbital nerves or its branches. Two patients suffered from tumors on old burn scars of lower legs. Branches of posttibal nerves were involved in both cases. In the last case, tumor invasion of a branch of the greater occipital nerve was detected. CONCLUSION: The extent of surgical excision should include the area of skin supplied by the affected nerve, which must be resected in continuity.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

In vivo expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IFN-gamma mRNAs in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and effect of cyclosporin A in a patient with Kimura's disease.

Semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to analyse the expression of cytokine mRNAs in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from a patient with Kimura's disease. The patient was treated with cyclosporin A (CsA) after incomplete tumour resection and irradiation of lesions. Levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA were elevated and the level of interferon (IFN)-gamma mRNA was within normal limits before treatment. The levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 mRNA, the number of eosinophils, and the serum level of IgE decreased markedly after surgery and radiation therapy. CsA treatment suppressed these values in a dose-dependent manner, but had a minimal effect on the level of IFN-gamma mRNA. The number of peripheral eosinophils decreased in association with decreases in the levels of IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13 mRNAs during CsA therapy; the serum level of IgE remained low during therapy and did not fluctuate in association with changes in cytokine levels. These results suggest the Th2 cytokines play a part in the development of Kimura's disease and that CsA suppresses the activity of this disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A case of Ki-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma transformed from mycosis fungoides.

A case of cutaneous Ki-1 positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma which developed in the plaque stage of mycosis fungoides was described. A 73-year-old woman who had suffered from pruritic scaly eruptions over her entire body for more than two decades was admitted because of an ulcerated tumor measuring 45 x 55 x 15 mm and several satellite tumors on the buttock. All tumorous lesions were resected without recurrence to date. Histochemical study revealed that the tumor consisted of large anaplastic cells which were Ki-1 (CD30)-positive and LCA-negative. Some of the erythematous plaques contained LCA-positive, small-sized atypical lymphocytes. In other plaques which developed two years later, there were large Ki-1-positive atypical cells. In the specimens obtained from the tumor and the plaque, the same pattern of T-cell receptor gene rearrangements was detected. These findings indicate that both Ki-1 positive anaplastic cells in the tumor and atypical lymphoid cells in the plaques were derived from the same T cell clone.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Drug induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis.

A 62-year-old woman with diabetic triopathy developed widespread erythematous macules, numerous pustules, and a high fever after she underwent electric coagulation for vitreous hemorrhage. She was administered several drugs at that time. After discontinuation of the drugs, the eruption disappeared, and the fever returned to normal within two weeks. A positive patch test with isepamicin sulfate highly suggested that the symptoms described above were due to drug allergy. Cadralazine, which was positive in the drug lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST), could not be excluded from the causative drugs. A false-positive DLST with ofloxacin was confirmed by an accidental challenge test. To our knowledge, this is the first report of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis due to isepamicin sulfate and/or cadralazine.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

Bacteroides fragilis pyomyositis in a patient with multiple myeloma.

Pyomyositis is a bacterial infection with abscess formation affecting large skeletal muscles. It is predominantly caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The disease is common in tropical areas, but rare in temperate climates. We report a patient with multiple myeloma who developed a giant elastic tumor on the right thigh and a hen egg-sized tumor on the right upper arm. MR imaging revealed cystic spaces in the femoral quadriceps and brachial biceps muscles. A large amount of pus with foul smell was removed by incision, drainage and aspiration of the two tumors. The lesions were successfully treated with intravenous administration of antibiotics. Repeated bacterial cultures yielded only Bacteroids fragilis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pyomyositis due to Bacteroides fragilis.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Nicergorine-induced lichen planus-like eruption.

A case of a lichen planus-like eruption due to nicergorine on the lower legs of an 84-year-old woman is reported. She presented with slightly pruritic, erythematous plaques of six months' duration. She had taken eight kinds of drugs, including nicregorine for cerebral arteriosclerosis, for two years. After nicergorine was discontinued, the eruption gradually disappeared. Readministration of nicergorine induced a similar eruption within two months. Histologic findings were identical in the two biopsy specimens obtained at the first visit and from the recurrent lesion. To our knowledge, this is the first report on nicergorine-induced lichen planus-like eruptions.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

A case of stasis papillomatosis associated with psoriasis vulgaris.

A markedly obese, 41-year-old Japanese man who had suffered from psoriasis vulgaris for several years visited us with elephantiasis-like swelling of his lower legs of three months' duration. His right lower leg showed marked papillomatosis with thick scales, and the left lower leg was eroded and papillomatous. Although direct lymphography of his lower extremities showed no abnormality, indirect lymphography revealed local lymphatic damage in the involved skin. Histological examination showed hyperkeratosis, marked papillomatosis, proliferation of capillaries in the upper dermis, and lymphectasia in the lower dermis. The lesions were much improved by washing and topical use of corticosteroids for two months. It was suspected that obesity and the preceding psoriatic lesions caused local lymphatic disturbances, followed by the development of stasis papillomatosis.

Adult↗