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Biomedical subjects

S Terlecki

Publications and source records attributed to S Terlecki.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Estimation of the developmental age of the bovine fetus and newborn calf.

Jersey cows from several herds provided 97 fetuses and 24 calves at fixed gestational intervals between 80 and 290 days after conception. The fetuses and calves were killed, weighed and measured and, after dissection, the sizes and weights of a range of skeletal and soft tissues were recorded. Six morphological measurements emerged as most suitable for the determination of developmental age in the normal fetus. By plotting their mean values and 95 per cent tolerance limits, the rates of growth and the variability of each measurement were defined. Long bone length was the most useful single measurement for predicting the developmental age of the fetus. Brain weight, bodyweight, crown-anus length and long bone length showed curvilinear growth patterns; age prediction equations derived from these measurements are complicated to use and additional simplified formulae have been derived. The number of appendicular ossification centres also had predictive value, but it could not be used to determine fetal developmental age between 100 and 160 days gestation.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Border disease of sheep: spinal cord morphometry.

Semi-automated planimetry was used to determine cross-sectional areas of spinal grey and white matter by direct microscopy of paraffin sections of spinal cord from Border disease (BD) and normal lambs at segments C4, C8, T6 and L4. Spinal cord cross-sectional area was significantly reduced in cases of BD produced by either intramuscular or intranasal inoculation of ewes in the first half of pregnancy with Weybridge strains of BD virus. The reduction was apparent at all 4 levels and in both grey and white matter, though the white matter was the more severely affected. Spinal cord areas tended to be smaller in the progeny of ewes exposed earlier in gestation or to larger doses of virus, but these differences were not statistically significant.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Observations on transplacental infection with bluetongue virus in sheep.

Twenty-four ewes were inoculated with 1 of 2 strains of bluetongue virus type 4 at 40, 60, or 80 days of gestation. Two ewes aborted, 2 ewes died, and 1 was killed during the experiment, but their fetuses were recovered. At term, 2 mummified fetuses, 4 dead lambs, and 17 clinically healthy lambs were produced by 12 sheep, and the remaining 7 sheep were barren. Porencephaly and cerebellar dysgenesis were found in term lambs born to sheep inoculated at 40 and 60 days of gestation. Radiographic examination of 12 fetuses showed developmental ages far less than their chronologic age; 8 fetuses had skeletal growth-retardation lines, which were also observed in the dead lambs. A systemic lymphoreticular hyperplasia was observed in the dead lambs and in all lambs at 12 weeks of age; in 4 of the latter, granulomatous reactions were present in the liver and kidney. Lungs of the full-term lambs were reduced in weight and showed poor alveolar development and mononuclear cell infiltration, which persisted in the 12-week-old lambs. It was concluded that bluetongue virus is capable of causing not only gross abnormalities of the CNS, but also generalized growth retardation and fetal lymphoreticular hyperplasia.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1984

Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus-induced fetopathy in cattle: Efficacy of prophylactic maternal pre-exposure.

Maternal immunity was produced in Jersey heifers by exposing them to bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus before conception. In the following pregnancy this immunity protected the fetuses from transplacental infection arising from challenge of the dams at 100 days gestation with homologous virus. Unprotected Jersey heifers showed a high incidence of death and fetal intrauterine growth retardation associated with transplacental viral infection. Functional normality of the locomotor system was assessed retrospectively from ciné films of each calf after birth, and scored for each of an overlapping series of clinical signs. The progeny of non-immune dams scored significantly lower than calves from the vaccinated heifers.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Border disease: effect of virus administered intracerebrally to newborn lambs.

Six BVD antibody-free Dorset Horn lambs, less than 3-days-old, were infected by intracerebral inoculation of BD virus. Three of these lambs (Group I) were killed 7 days after inoculation (p.i.) and 3 (Group II) 21 days p.i. None of the lambs showed clinical signs of disease. Of the 5 lambs in which infection was established, 3 of Group I and 2 of Group II showed lesions of non-suppurative encephalitis. Although of varying severity and extent in individual animals, the lesions in all lambs appeared to be primarily of the same nature, with the cerebral white matter being the main target. BD virus was isolated from all lambs of Group I, killed 7 days p.i., but from none of Group II, killed 21 days p.i. Thus the induced BD infection appeared to be of a transient nature. The results indicate that the CNS of newborn lambs is capable of supporting BD virus replication with subsequent development of lesions. It is suggested that some of the cases of non-suppurative encephalitis of obscure aetiology occasionally encountered in young lambs in the field may be the result of infection with BD virus.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Presumed myelopoiesis in spinal dura mater of normal bovine foetuses.

In the course of a study of normal bovine foetal development, the brain and spinal cord of 24 newborn calves and 81 foetuses, all of the Jersey breed and ranging in age from 60 to 280 days gestation, were examined histologically. This examination revealed cellular aggregates in the spinal dura mater of all newborn calves and all foetuses over 119 days gestation. The cells had the appearance of blood leucocytes (granulocytes, monocytes) and their precursors; and also, in the foetuses only, giant cells identified as megakaryocytes were also seen. It is suggested that in the second half of gestation and for at least 2 days after birth, the spinal dura mater of cattle, in the Jersey breed at least, acts as a site of myelopoiesis. The importance of this finding to veterinary pathologists is emphasized.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus: pathogenicity for the fetal calf following maternal infection.

Fifteen pregnant, bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease (BVD-MD) antibody-free Jersey heifers were infected experimentally with a mixture of 10 cytopathic strains of BVD-MD virus isolated from cattle in Britain. Each cow was inoculated intramuscularly on gestation day 100 with a high or a low dose of virus grown in primary calf testis tissue cultures. None of the cows showed clinical signs of illness following exposure, but all had seroconverted within six weeks. Six fetuses, including one set of twins, died in utero following infection. Of these five were aborted between days 136 and 154; the sixth one was mummified and still retained at day 300. The remaining 10 fetuses survived to term, but all showed evidence of intrauterine growth retardation with or without gross malformation and/or dysmyelination of the central nervous system. Three were clinically affected with congenital nervous disease. Of the 10 liveborn fetuses, two had specific serum antibodies to BVD-MD. Non-cytopathic BVD-MD virus was recovered from all of the remaining eight. When non-immune cows become infected with BVD-MD virus in mid gestation: transplacental infection of the fetus will probably result; apart from the risk of fetal death, with or without abortion, there is a high probability of fetal mal-development which may not always be clinically obvious; the immunological competence of the fetus may be impaired; congenital infection is likely in a substantial proportion of liveborn calves. About one in 16 bovine fetuses in British herds are estimated to be at risk from BVD-MD virus infection.

Abortion, Veterinary↗
PubMed1976

Estimation of the developmental age of the ovine fetus and lamb.

Fifty-six fetuses and 33 lambs were obtained from a flock of ewes at set gestational intervals between 50 to 180 days after conception. The fetuses and lambs were killed, disected and the sizes and weights of a wide range of skeletal and soft tissues were measured. Five morphological parameters emerged as most suitable for the determination of normal foetal developmental age. By plotting the mean value and ninety-five per cent tolerance limits, the rates of growth and the variability of each parameter were studied. Crown-anus length is useful for determining fetal developmental age from 50 to 100 days gestation; brain weight, long bone length and the number of appendicular ossification centres can be used to determine fetal development age from 50 days gestation until term.

Animals↗